一种基于血管内皮细胞损伤的大鼠局灶性脑梗死模型

目的：建立一种因血管内皮细胞损伤而诱导的大鼠局灶性脑梗死模型。方法：取S—D大鼠11只，分离左侧颈总动脉、颈外动脉和颈内动脉。结扎左颈外动脉远心端，夹闭左翼腭动脉和颈总动脉，经颈外动脉逆行插管并缓慢注入月桂酸钠至颈内动脉系统，造成大脑中动脉血管内皮细胞受损。结果：从模型动物的行为表现、梗死灶形态学和病理学进行考察，10只大鼠均产生一定程度的脑梗死表现，造模成功率为90．9％。结论：该模型的稳定性和重复性较好，能在大脑中动脉的供血区产生恒定的梗死灶，适合进行脑缺血损伤的有关实验研究。     

烧伤研究与治疗进展

对近年来国外烧伤研究及治疗进展作一综述     

Reconstruction of degloved thumb with prefabricated flap

The wrap around the toe flap from the great toe is considered to be a good reconstructive proce-dure for degloved injuries of the thumb. 1 In this study, we used prefabricated flaps of the medial plan-tar skin to cover a degloved injury of the thumb of a patient unsuitable for application of this method and obtained satisfactory clinical results.     

Family system test (FAST): Are parents' and children's family constructs either different or similar,or both?

Perceptions of family cohesion and hierarchy structures were assessed by theFamily System Test (FAST), a clinically-derived figure placement technique. Parents (N=140) and their preadolescent offspring (N=70) completed typical and conflict representations in individual as well as group settings. Typical representations were characterized by balanced family structures (i.e. cohesive and moderately hierarchical) and those displaying conflict situations showed predominantly unbalanced patterns. FAST portrayals were related to respondent (mother vs. father vs. child). Fathers represented typical family relations as balanced more often than mothers. Regarding conflict representations, children were more likely than fathers to portray the family as unbalanced. However, analyses of representations of the same family (i.e. intra-family comparisons) indicated that all respondents differed in their perceptions and, that fathers' typical portrayals showed most often the same structure as those done by the family members as a group.     

特发性甲状旁腺机能减退症颅脑CT及MRI表现

目的探讨颅脑CT及MRI检查对特发性甲状旁腺机能减退症(IHP)的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析16例经临床确诊的IHP患者头颅CT(16/16)和MRI(3/16)表现,观察病变的范围和密度/信号等特点。结果IHP颅内主要表现为多发钙化性病变,在CT上表现为高密度,CT值114～373HU,在MRT1WI呈稍高信号或高信号,T2WI呈等信号。双侧尾状核、苍白球、壳核及丘脑的对称性、条形或团块状钙化16例;双侧额、颞、顶、枕叶皮层下钙化10例;小脑齿状核钙化6例(双侧4例,单侧2例);侧脑室旁钙化2例。结论CT和MR对IHP的诊断非常重要,其中CT对病变的显示优于MR,与临床结果结合,对IHP具有定性诊断意义。     

Analysis of differentially expressed genes in fetal skin of scarless and scar-forming periods of gestational rats

Objective: To study the differences of gene expression between earlier gestational skin and later gestational skin of rats with the aids of single primer amplification (SPA) and high-density oligonucleotide DNA array to understand the molecular mechanism of scarless healing. Methods: Total RNAs were isolated from fetal rat skin of the scarless (E15) and scar-forming (E18) periods of gestation (term =21.5 days). The RNAs from earlier gestational skin (EGS) and later gestational skin (LGS) were both reversely transcribed to cDNAs, then labeled with the incorporation of fluorescent dCTP for preparing the hybridization probes by SPA method. The mixed probes were then hybridized to the oligonucleotide DNA arrays which contained 5 705 probes representing 5 705 rat genes. After highly stringent washing, these DNA arrays were scanned for fluorescent signals to display the differentially expressed genes between the 2 groups of skin. Results: Among 5 705 rat genes, there were 53 genes (0.93%) with differentially expressed levels between EGS and LGS groups, 27 genes, including fibroblast growth factor 2 ( FGF2 ) and follistatin were up-regulated (0.47%) and 26 genes were down-regulated (0.46%) in fetal skin during scarless period versus scar-forming period. Higher expressions of FGF2 and follistatin in EGS than those in LGS were also revealed by RT-PCR method. Conclusions: High-density oligonucleotide DNA array provided a powerful tool for investigating differential gene expression in earlier and later gestational fetal skins. This technology validates that the mechanism of fetal scarless healing is very complicate and the change of many gene expressions is associated with fetal scarless healing.     

Caloric restriction affects liver microsomal monooxygenases differentially in aging male rats

Caloric restriction (CR) extends life span and retards the onset of physiological changes and pathologies associated with aging, but the underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. This study demonstrates that CR postpones the documented age-related declines in and/or enhances the activity and microsomal concentration of several liver monooxygenases in male rats, i.e., NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase, total cytochromes P-450. However, the relative concentration of cytochrome P-450b+C did not exhibit statistically significant changes, whereas another isozyme, the male specific P-450h, declined significantly in both ad libitum-fed and CR rats as a function of increasing age. While CR appears to retard age-associated changes in certain liver enzymes, this effect is by no means universal. The hepatic monooxygenases constitute a well-characterized enzyme system in which to examine the perturbation of the aging process by CR.     

术中输注氨基酸对硬膜外阻滞复合全麻开胸手术患者围术期体温的影响

目的评价术中输注氨基酸对硬膜外阻滞复合全麻食管癌和贲门癌手术患者围术期深部体温和代谢的影响。方法择期食管癌和贲门癌手术患者21例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为3组(n =7):从麻醉诱导开始至手术结束,分别静脉输注氨基酸混合液240kJ·h-1(AA组)、等容量乳酸钠林格氏液(LR组)、葡萄糖溶液240kJ·h-1(GLU组)。麻醉诱导前至术后2h每5分钟测定鼓膜温度,于麻醉诱导前即刻、手术开始后1h和术后1h检测指尖血糖,采用4分表法评价术后2h内寒战的发生情况,采用间接测热仪测定术前与术后氧耗。结果与麻醉诱导前即刻比较,术后30min LR组和GLU组氧耗降低,AA组氧耗升高(P<0.01),术后2h LR组、GLU组鼓膜温度降低(P<0.05),AA组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与LR组和GLU组比较,AA组术后2h内寒战发生例数减少(P< 0.05),术后30min氧耗增多(P<0.05),LR组与GLU组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论硬膜外阻滞复合全麻开胸手术患者术中静脉输注氨基酸可通过提高基础代谢率,缓解围术期深部体温降低,减少术后寒战发生,而输注葡萄糖不产生此效应。     

强骨胶囊治疗骨质疏松早期骨量减少的临床观察

强骨胶囊是中国中医研究院西苑医院与岐黄药业科技投资有限责任公司共同开发研制的治疗原发性骨质疏松症(肾阳虚证)的中药二类新药.根据国家药品监督管理局1998XL-131批文,由福建省中医药研究院主持进行强骨胶囊治疗骨质疏松早期骨量减少(肾阳虚证)临床试验,评价强骨胶囊的临床疗效和安全性.……     

侧脑室脑膜瘤的诊断及显微手术治疗

目的 探讨侧脑室内脑膜瘤诊断特点及显微手术方法.方法 MRI和/或CT确诊并行显微手术切除侧脑室脑膜瘤24例,其中2例内窥镜辅助切除.肿瘤位于左侧三角区13例,右侧三角区7例,右侧体部1例,横跨双侧三角区1例,左侧颞角2例.顶枕入路15例,颞中回入路7例,经胼胝体后部入路2例.结果 24例影像学诊断与术后病理相符合,均给予全切.完整切除5例,分块切除19例.18例获得随访,完全正常10例,3例复发再次手术全切,癫痫2例,同向性偏盲3例.结论 CT和MRI是诊断侧脑室脑膜瘤的最可靠的手段,显微手术是目前侧脑室脑膜瘤的首选治疗方法.