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81.
Mikko Unkila Marjatta Ruotsalainen Raimo Pohjanvirta Matti Viluksela Ewen MacDonald Jouni T. Tuomisto Karl Rozman Jouko Tuomisto 《Archives of toxicology》1995,69(10):677-683
We have previously reported that in rats 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) lethality is associated (although not necessarily causally) with changes in brain serotonin (5-HT) metabolism.
In the present study, we have examined whether this holds for other species by comparing the effect of TCDD in the most TCDD-susceptible
and the most TCDD-resistant species, guinea pigs and hamsters, respectively. Body weight gain of guinea pigs exposed to TCDD
(0.3–2.7 μg/kg) diminished dose dependently, while the effect was marginal in hamsters (900–4600 μg/kg). Brain 5-hydroxyindoleacetic
acid (the main metabolite of brain 5-HT), brain tryptophan (the precursor amino acid of 5-HT), and plasma free and total tryptophan
were not affected at any dose in guinea pigs. In contrast, 4 days after exposure, the levels of plasma free and total tryptophan
were consistently increased in hamsters. These, as well as brain tryptophan, were still elevated 10 days after exposure. TCDD
did not affect plasma glucose level in either species. Liver glycogen was decreased in a dose-dependent manner in TCDD-treated
guinea pigs as well as in their pair-fed controls on day 10. There was no change in liver glycogen in hamsters. The activity
of the gluconeogenic enzyme, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was only depressed in hamsters by all doses of TCDD. We conclude
that changes in tryptophan metabolism or in carbohydrate homeostasis cannot explain the wide interspecies differences in susceptibility
to the acute lethality of TCDD, although they may correlate with some aspects of its toxicity in certain species.
Received: 12 January 1995 / Accepted: 27 February 1995 相似文献
82.
83.
Cranial computed tomography (CT) was performed on 40 consecutive children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on admission before any chemotherapy, 5 months after CNS therapy (n = 39) and after 2 to 3 years of therapy (n = 31). Changes related to leukemia were found in only 10% of the patients at the time of diagnosis (4/40). These initial changes, two intracranial hemorrhages, one dural thickening and one contrast enhancement, all disappeared during therapy. The findings which persisted unchanged in the next two CT scans were thought to be normal variations or caused by earlier disorders. CNS therapy consisted of intrathecally and intravenously administered methotrexate in 20 standard risk (SR) patients and cranial irradiation in addition to chemotherapy in 19 intermediate risk (IR) or high risk (HR) patients. Four SR patients developed changes during therapy. Three had enlarged cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces and one developed a focal low density area suggesting disturbances in brain blood circulation and also experienced disturbances in level of consciousness. Of the 19 IR or HR patients, eight developed changes related to the therapy, including four with white matter hypodensity areas, of whom three also had enlarged CSF spaces, and four others who developed enlarged CSF spaces. The medians of the widths of the cortical sulci (P < .001), insular cisterns (P < .01), third ventricles (P < .01), and frontal horns (P < .05), and also of Evans' ratios (P < .05) increased significantly after CNS therapy as compared with the findings at diagnosis in the patients who had received cranial irradiation. Most of these changes persisted during the follow-up. We conclude that the clinical value of CT scanning during therapy for ALL is restricted to patients with neurological symptoms or those who have undergone CNS irradiation. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
84.
Haitham Ballo Miikka Tarkia Matti Haavisto Christoffer Stark Marjatta Strandberg Tommi Vähäsilta Virva Saunavaara Tuula Tolvanen Mika Teräs Ville-Veikko Hynninen Timo Savunen Anne Roivainen Juhani Knuuti Antti Saraste 《Ultrasound in medicine & biology》2019,45(2):568-578
We evaluated the relationships between regional myocardial strain measured by speckle tracking echocardiography and viability, fibrosis, hypertrophy and oxygen consumption in the infarcted or remote myocardium in a pig model of chronic myocardial infarction (MI). Thirteen farm pigs with surgical occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and five sham-operated pigs were studied 3 mo post-MI. Computed tomography revealed significant left ventricle remodeling. Reduced radial or circumferential strain identified areas of transmural infarction (area under the curve: 0.82 and 0.79, respectively). In the remote non-infarcted area, radial strain correlated inversely with the amount of fibrosis (r?=?–0.66, p?=?0.04) and myocyte hypertrophy (r?=?–0.68, p?=?0.03). Radial strain rate inversely correlated with myocardial resting oxygen consumption assessed with 11C-labeled acetate positron emission tomography (r?=?–0.71, p?=?0.006). In conclusion, myocardial strain and strain rate reflect fibrosis, hypertrophy and oxygen consumption of the remote areas after MI. 相似文献
85.
86.
Oxygenation targets in ICU patients with COVID-19: A post hoc subgroup analysis of the HOT-ICU trial
Bodil S. Rasmussen Thomas L. Klitgaard Anders Perner Bjrn A. Brand Thomas Hildebrandt Martin Siegemund Alexa Hollinger Sren R. Aagaard Morten H. Bestle Klaus V. Marcussen Anne C. Brchner Christoffer G. Slling Lone M. Poulsen Jon H. Laake Tayyba N. Aslam Minna Bcklund Marjatta Okkonen Matthew Morgan Mike Sharman Theis Lange Jrn Wetterslev Olav L. Schjrring 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》2022,66(1):76-84
87.
Kaluza W Leirisalo-Repo M Märker-Hermann E Westman P Reuss E Hug R Mastrovic K Stradmann-Bellinghausen B Granfors K Galle PR Höhler T 《Arthritis and rheumatism》2001,44(5):1209-1214
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of microsatellites and single-nucleotide promoter polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene for the cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) with susceptibility to and outcome of reactive arthritis (ReA). METHODS: From genomic DNA, IL-10 microsatellites G and R and IL-10 promoter polymorphisms at positions -1087 and -524 were typed by polymerase chain reaction, automated fragment length analysis, and restriction fragment digestion in 85 Finnish patients with ReA and 62 HLA-B27-positive Finnish controls. ReA patients had been followed up for 20 years. Genotypes and haplotypes of IL-10 were correlated with distinct features of the disease course, such as triggering agent, chronic arthritis, development of ankylosing spondylitis, and other chronic features. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in the promoter alleles G12 (allele frequency 0.206 versus 0.033; corrected P < 0.001, odds ratio 0.14) and G10 (0.183 versus 0.092; P < 0.05, odds ratio 0.44) in the ReA group compared with the HLA-B27-positive controls. Chronic arthritis developed significantly more frequently in the B27-positive subjects than in the B27-negative subjects (P < 0.05) as well as in patients with [corrected] the IL10.G8 allele. No associations were observed for either SNP or for the IL10.R microsatellite polymorphism. CONCLUSION: IL10.G12 and G10 microsatellite alleles show a strong protective effect against the development of ReA in Finnish subjects. Since these polymorphic markers themselves do not have direct functional implications, they most likely mark promoter haplotypes with distinct functional properties, suggesting that differential production of IL-10 is an important susceptibility factor for the development of ReA. 相似文献
88.
Clinical picture of reactive salmonella arthritis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Twenty-three patients with reactive salmonella arthritis were treated at the Departments of Medicine (in 1970-1984) or at the Outpatient Department (in 1980-1986) of Meilahti Hospital. Nine different salmonella species were implicated as triggering factors. Salmonella was detected in 74% of the patients by stool cultures. Widal test was positive (greater than or equal to 1:160) in the remainder. The acute clinical picture was that of oligo or polyarthritis. Other musculoskeletal and inflammatory symptoms were frequent. The mean duration of the acute arthritis was 4.7 months (range 1.5-6.0). In 4 patients the disease ran a chronic course. The treatment of salmonella infection with chemotherapy had no obvious effect on the duration of the arthritis. In conclusion, salmonella arthritis is a form of seronegative spondyloarthritis, with acute features common to other types of reactive arthritides. The search for Salmonella should be included in the study of a patient with acute arthritis. Serology can be of help in patients with negative bacterial cultures. 相似文献
89.
Anderson IF Helve T Hannonen P Leirisalo-Repo M Gilboe IM Nissilä M Keystone EC Kraag GR Bjørneboe O Chalmers A Dovland H Mueller E Richard F Whatmough I Schmidt AG Kovarik JM 《The Journal of rheumatology》1999,26(3):556-562
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be converted, on a milligram-to-milligram basis, from conventional cyclosporin A (CyA, Sandimmun) to the microemulsion formulation (Neoral) with maintenance of longterm safety, and to compare cyclosporin A (CyA) pharmacokinetics between formulations. METHODS: In this double blind, multicenter, parallel group study, 51 patients receiving stable conventional CyA maintenance treatment were randomized to continue conventional CyA (n = 27) or to convert to CyA microemulsion (n = 24) and were monitored for 52 weeks. Trough blood CyA levels were measured before and at intervals after conversion. CyA steady-state area under the curve was assessed one week before and 2 and 6 weeks after randomization in 15 patients in each treatment arm. CyA trough levels and pharmacokinetic results remained unknown to investigators throughout the study. CyA doses were titrated as necessary on the basis of clinical evaluation and disease activity assessments. RESULTS: Initial mean daily doses were 3.5 mg/kg/day (conventional CyA) and 3.3 mg/kg/day (CyA microemulsion) and did not change significantly during the study. The mean bioavailability of CyA from the microemulsion formulation was 23% higher than from conventional CyA. Replicate assessments indicated a more reproducible pharmacokinetic profile with CyA microemulsion. The overall incidence and nature of adverse events and changes in vital signs and laboratory variables were similar in both groups. No clinically relevant differences in efficacy were found between treatments. No loss of efficacy and no tolerability problems occurred after conversion from conventional to microemulsion CyA. CONCLUSION: Existing CyA dosing guidelines, formulated for conventional CyA, are suitable for longterm CyA microemulsion therapy of patients with RA. These results indicate the pharmacokinetic advantages of the microemulsion formulation. 相似文献
90.
Peltomaa R Paimela L Harvey S Helve T Leirisalo-Repo M 《Rheumatology international》2001,20(5):192-196
YKL-40 is a newly discovered major secretory protein of human chondrocytes and synoviocytes. We measured serum levels of YKL-40 in 52 patients with early onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) during a 2-year prospective follow-up, correlating values with laboratory and clinical variables and radiographic progression. Levels at baseline before antirheumatic therapy were significantly higher in patients than in healthy controls. The levels of YKL-40 correlated with laboratory and clinical markers of disease activity both at baseline and during follow-up. Baseline YKL-40 values correlated with baseline Larsen scores but did not predict radiographic progression. Baseline and mean YKL-40 values did not differ between fast and slow radiological progressions. Mean YKL-40 levels correlated with the number of swollen joints but were not predictors of radiographic progression. These results suggest that in early RA, serum YKL-40 is an inflammatory marker correlating with disease activity. However, its levels do not predict clinical course or radiographic progression. 相似文献