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31.
This study investigated the joint influence of trait social anxiety and evaluative threat on psychological and cardiovascular responses to active coping situations. Fifty-two normotensive female students characterized as either high or low in trait social anxiety performed a mental arithmetic task and a speech task requiring persuasive behavior in a context of high or low evaluative threat. Trait social anxiety exerted a substantial influence on cardiovascular reactivity. High socially anxious individuals overall exhibited greater heart rate reactivity. For systolic and diastolic blood pressure enhanced reactivity of socially anxious individuals was confined to low evaluative threat. At high levels of evaluative threat no group differences were observed due to somewhat attenuated reactivity in high compared to low socially anxious individuals. Cognitive appraisals and affective arousal were not found to mediate the effects of social anxiety on cardiovascular reactivity. Results were attributed to differences in effort expenditure rather than experienced anxiety. 相似文献
32.
Laki J Kiszel P Vatay A Blaskó B Kovács M Körner A Madácsy L Blatniczky L Almássy Z Szalai C Rajczy K Pozsonyi E Karádi I Fazakas A Hosszúfalusi N Pánczél P Arason GJ Wu YL Zhou B Yang Y Yu CY Füst G 《Molecular immunology》2007,44(4):648-655
Previously we reported on strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the mono-S-C4B-RCCX module (mono-S) and the TNF2 allele (both known constituents of the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (8.1 AH)) in two Caucasian populations. The gene for the receptor of advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is encoded between the RCCX module and the HLA class II genes in the central MHC region. In order to assess the relationship between the promoter polymorphisms of the RAGE gene and the 8.1 AH, we performed a family study in eight informative families affected with type 1 diabetes mellitus; haplotypes of a RAGE promoter SNP (-429T>C) with the HLA-DQ2, -DR-3(17) and TNF2 alleles, as well as the mono-S genotype were determined. A similar analysis was performed in 82 unrelated patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and in unrelated healthy individuals of three different Caucasian populations (Hungarians, Ohioian females, Icelandics). In the diabetic patients clinical correlations were also investigated. Out of the 32 paternal and maternal chromosome 6 from the eight families, 15 different MHC haplotypes were found. Haplotypes containing at least three of the known constituents of the 8.1 AH (HLA-DQ2, -DR17, mono-S, TNF2) were always linked to the RAGE -429C allele. The RAGE -429C allele exhibited highly significant (p<0.0001) LD coefficients to known constituents of the 8.1 AH both in healthy persons and patients with type 1 diabetes. In the group of patients with diabetes we found significantly (p=0.013) higher maximal hemoglobinA1C concentration in the carriers of the RAGE -429C allele, this trait, however was not linked to the 8.1 AH. Our present findings indicate that the RAGE -429C allele can be considered as a candidate member of the 8.1 AH. The results also reveal a spectrum of recombinant MHC haplotypes in addition to the conserved ancestral haplotypes. 相似文献
33.
Karlis Briviba Margit Schollenberger Markus Rodehutscord Ralf Greiner 《International journal of food sciences and nutrition》2018,69(1):46-51
Plant and microbial phytases present in raw materials can cause a dephosphorylation of phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) (InsP6)) during food processing resulting in a broad range of different myo-inositol phosphates such as pentakisphosphate (InsP5) and tetrakisphosphate (InsP4) in foods. Here, we investigated whether the human intestinal epithelium is able to dephosphorylate myo-inositol phosphates (InsP6, InsP5-, InsP4-, InsP3-isomers) using an in vitro model with differentiated human Caco-2 cells cultured on semipermeable inserts. Incubation of InsP6 and an InsP5-isomer with cells for 3?h showed no dephosphorylation of both InsPs. Treatment of cells with a mixture of different InsP4-isomers, however, caused a formation of about 3.5% of an InsP3-isomer (Ins(1,5,6)P3) and treatment with a mixture of different InsP3-isomers caused about 20% formation of InsP2-isomers, respectively. Thus, human intestinal cells can contribute to the dephosphorylation of myo-inositol phosphates of partly dephosphorylated forms such as InsP3 and InsP4. 相似文献
34.
Margit Kriegbaum Sofie Rosenlund Lau 《Research in social & administrative pharmacy》2018,14(8):736-741
Background
Statins are widely prescribed to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, statin non-adherence is very high.Purpose
The aim of this paper was to investigate reasons for stopping statin treatment in the general population and to study how aspects of information-seeking and processing is associated with statin non-adherence.Methods
This study used a population survey on 3050 Danish residents aged 45–65 years. Reasons for statin discontinuation was studied among those who were previous statin users. The association between information seeking and processing and statin discontinuation were analysed using multivariate logistical regression models.Results
Experience of side effects and fear of side effects played an important role in the discontinuation of statin treatment. Feelings of uncertainty and confusion regarding information on statins predicted statin discontinuation. This applied to information from both mass media and from general practitioners. There was no clear pattern of information seeking and statin non-adherence.Conclusions
The article point to the impact of information-seeking on the decision to take cholesterol-lowering medication. This included contributions from information disseminated by media outlets. Side effects and fear of side effects should be addressed in clinical practice. Health care professionals should pay attention to emotional aspects of how information is disseminated and perceived by statin users. 相似文献35.
36.
Benjawan Boonkaew Margit Kempf Roy Kimble Pitt Supaphol Leila Cuttle 《Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries》2014
A novel burn wound hydrogel dressing has been previously developed which is composed of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt with silver nanoparticles. This study compared the antimicrobial efficacy of this novel dressing to two commercially available silver dressings; Acticoat™ and PolyMem Silver®. Three different antimicrobial tests were used: disc diffusion, broth culture, and the Live/Dead® Baclight™ bacterial viability assay. Burn wound pathogens (P. aeruginosa, MSSA, A. baumannii and C. albicans) and antibiotic resistant strains (MRSA and VRE) were tested. All three antimicrobial tests indicated that Acticoat™ was the most effective antimicrobial agent, with inhibition zone lengths of 13.9–18.4 mm. It reduced the microbial inocula below the limit of detection (102 CFU/ml) and reduced viability by 99% within 4 h. PolyMem Silver® had no zone of inhibition for most tested micro-organisms, and it also showed poor antimicrobial activity in the broth culture and Live/Dead® Baclight™ assays. Alarmingly, it appeared to promote the growth of VRE. The silver hydrogel reduced most of the tested microbial inocula below the detection limit and decreased bacterial viability by 94–99% after 24 h exposure. These results support the possibility of using this novel silver hydrogel as a burn wound dressing in the future. 相似文献
37.
Daniel Pfalzgraf Luis Kluth Philip Reiss Margit Fisch Roland Dahlem 《World journal of urology》2014,32(5):1191-1197
Purpose
To assess bothersome results of surgery and changes in quality of life (QoL) in patients with redo-urethroplasty, comparing the functional results of penile and bulbar cases. As after previous urethroplasty scar tissue formation is likely to occur, less favorable functional results than at primary repair could be expected. Yet data on these items for techniques currently used are limited.Methods
Retrospective analysis with standardized questionnaire including 33 consecutive patients treated with redo-urethroplasty for bulbar or penile strictures. Previous surgeries, recurrence rate, complications, incontinence, erectile function, satisfaction with the surgery and QoL were assessed.Results
Overall success rate was 78.8 %, number of previous open urethroplasty once in 24 patients (72.7 %), and more than once in 9 (27.3 %). Urinary stress incontinence Grade I occurred in 5 patients (15.2 %) and Grade II in 2 patients (6.1 %). In 24 patients (72.7 %), no penile shortening occurred and in 28 (84.8 %), no deviation was observed. Eight patients (24.2 %) reported their glans sensitivity to be altered, in 3 (9.1 %) a disturbing alteration occurred. Overall satisfaction with the surgery was high (70 %), and an improvement in QoL was seen in 72.7 % (24 patients).Conclusions
Urethroplasty after failed open repair gives good functional results and shows a high patient satisfaction rate. However, results are not quite as good as for primary repair, emphasizing the importance of a successful primary repair. 相似文献38.
Stefan Steurer Julius Magnus Singer Michael Rink Felix Chun Roland Dahlem Ronald Simon Eike Burandt Phillip Stahl Luigi Terracciano Thorsten Schlomm Walter Wagner Wolfgang Höppner Maryam Omidi Olga Kraus Marcel Kwiatkowski Ousman Doh Margit Fisch Armin Soave Sarah Minner 《Urologic oncology》2014,32(8):1225-1233
ObjectiveAlthough most patients with urinary bladder cancer present with noninvasive and low-malignant stages of the disease, about 20% eventually develop life-threatening metastatic tumors. This study was designed to evaluate the potential of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to identify molecular markers predicting the clinical course of bladder cancer.Materials and methodsWe employed MALDI-MSI to a bladder cancer tissue microarray including paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 697 patients with clinical follow-up data to search for prognostically relevant associations.ResultsAnalysis of our MALDI imaging data revealed 40 signals in the mass spectra (m/z signals) associated with epithelial structures. The presence of numerous m/z signals was statistically related to one or several phenotypical findings including tumor aggressiveness (stage, grade, or nodal status; 30 signals), solid (5 signals) or papillary (3 signals) growth patterns, and increased (6 signals) or decreased (12 signals) cell proliferation, as determined by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. Two signals were linked with tumor recurrence in noninvasive (pTa category) tumors, of which one was also related to progression from pTa-category to pT1-category disease. The absence of one m/z signal was linked with decreased survival in the subset of 102 muscle-invasive cancers.ConclusionOur data demonstrate the suitability of combining MSI and large-scale tissue microarrays to simultaneously identify and validate clinically useful molecular markers in urinary bladder cancer. 相似文献
39.
Jens Hansen Marco Bianchi Maxine Sun Michael Rink Fabio Castiglione Firas Abdollah Thomas Steuber Sascha A. Ahyai Stefan Steurer Cosima Göbel Massimo Freschi Francesco Montorsi Shahrokh F. Shariat Margit Fisch Markus Graefen Pierre I. Karakiewicz Alberto Briganti Felix K.‐H. Chun 《BJU international》2014,113(3):399-407
40.
Stephanie Elisabeth Klein Jessica Rumpf Peter Kusch Rolf Albach Matthias Rehahn Steffen Witzleben Margit Schulze 《RSC advances》2018,8(71):40765
Polyurethane (PU) coatings were successfully produced using unmodified kraft lignin (KL) as an environmentally benign component in contents of up to 80 wt%. Lignin samples were precipitated from industrial black liquor in aqueous solution working at room temperature and different pH levels (pH 2 to pH 5). Lignins were characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR, pyrolysis-GC/MS, SEC and 31P-NMR. Results show a correlation between pH level, OH number and molecular weight Mw of isolated lignins. Lignin-based polyurethane coatings were prepared in an efficient one step synthesis dissolving lignin in THF and PEG425 in an ultrasonic bath followed by addition of 4,4-diphenylmethanediisocyanate (MDI) and triethylamine (TEA). Crosslinking was achieved under very mild conditions (1 hour at room temperature followed by 3 hours at 35 °C). The resulting coatings were characterized regarding their physical properties including ATR-IR, TGA, optical contact angle, light microscopy, REM-EDX and AFM data. Transparent homogeneous films of high flexibility resulted from lignins isolated at pH 4, possessing a temperature resistance up to 160 °C. Swelling tests revealed a resistance against water. Swelling in DMSO depends on index, pH of precipitation and catalyst utilization for PU preparation. According to AFM studies, surface roughness is between 10 and 28 nm.Polyurethane (PU) coatings were successfully produced using unmodified kraft lignin (KL) as an environmentally benign component in contents of up to 80 wt%. 相似文献