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991.
Testing genotypic and phenotypic resistance in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of clade B and other clades from children failing antiretroviral therapy 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
992.
Traditionally, diagnosis and treatment have been seen as two distinct tasks. Consequently, most approaches to computer supported health care focus on one of the two-mostly on diagnosis or rather on the interpretation of measurements which is much better understood and formalised. However, in practice diagnosis and treatment overlap and influence each other in many ways. Combinations range from repeatedly going through the diagnosis-treatment loop over a period of time to permanent monitoring of the patients' health condition as it is done in intensive care units. In this article we describe how to model these combinations using the clinical protocol-representation language ASBRU. It implements treatment steps in a hierarchy of skeletal, time-oriented plans. Diagnosis can either be described in a declarative way in the conditions, under which treatment steps are taken or it can be modelled explicitly as plans of their own right. We demonstrate our approach using examples taken from the American Association of Paediatricians' guideline for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in the new-born. 相似文献
993.
994.
Domenico Rosace Cristina Gomez-Casado Paloma Fernandez Marina Perez-Gordo María del Carmen Dominguez Angel Vega María Teresa Belver Tania Ramos Francisco Vega Guadalupe Marco Manuel de Pedro Leticia Sanchez María de las Mercedes Arnas Marcela Santaolalla Miguel Ángel Saez Sara Benedé Montserrat Fernandez-Rivas Carlos Blanco Domingo Barber 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2019,143(2):681-690.e1
995.
996.
L. Kutinová Š. Němečková E. Hamšíková H. Závadová V. Ludvíková J. Brouček D. Kunke J. König L. G. Zakharova G. V. Pashvykina V. Loparev V. Vonka 《Archives of virology》1994,138(1-2):1-15
Summary Translation of poliovirus RNA is initiated by entry of ribosomes into the nucleotide sequence (internal ribosomal entry site; IRES) within the 5-untranslated region (5-UTR). Efficiency of this translation initiation in rabbit reticulocyte lysates (RRL) was very low and was greatly enhanced by addition of the ribosomal salt-wash fraction (RSW) prepared from HeLa cells. This stimulating activity in the RSW was partially purified by gel-filtration column chromatography and its molecular weight was estimated to be higher than 240 000. Several proteins that bind specifically to the poliovirus IRES were detected in the active fraction. Among those, a 57 kDa protein, recognized by antibodies against polypyrimidide tract-binding protein (PTB), was found. In addition, La protein (52 kDa) which is a human antigen recognized by antibodies from patients with autoimmune disorders was also detected. Further purification on a hydroxylapatite column resulted in considerable loss of the stimulatory activity, accompanied by a reduction of the apparent molecular weight of active component(s). These results suggest that fully active HeLa cell stimulatory factors for the translation initiation on poliovirus RNA function in RRL as a large complex consisted of several components including PTB and La protein. 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
D Rodríguez-Pérez Oscar Sotolongo-Grau Ramón Espinosa Riquelme Oscar Sotolongo-Costa J Antonio Santos Miranda J C Antoranz 《Mathematical medicine and biology》2007,24(3):287-300
A cytokine-based periodic immunotherapy treatment is included in a model of tumour growth with a delay. The effects of dose schedule are studied in the case of a weak immune system and a growing tumour. We find the existence of 'metastable' states (that may last for tens of years) induced by the treatment and also potentially adverse effects of the dosage frequency on the stabilization of the tumour. These two effects depend on the delay between the tumour growth and the immune system response, the cytokine dose burden, and other parameters considered in the model. 相似文献
1000.
Luis Prieto Ana Ferrer Juan Domenech Carmen Pérez-Francés 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2006,97(2):175-181
BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest that the tidal breathing method may produce methacholine provocation concentration that caused a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 20% (PC20) values significantly lower than the dosimeter method; however, the effect of the challenge method on the shape of the concentration-response curve has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of the challenge method on sensitivity, reactivity, and maximal response to methacholine. METHODS: We measured airway responsiveness to methacholine using dosimeter and tidal breathing methods in 30 individuals with suspected asthma. Concentration-response curves were characterized by their PC20 (sensitivity), slope (reactivity), and, if possible, level of plateau. RESULTS: Dosimeter PC20 values were significantly higher than tidal breathing values (geometric mean, 8.9 and 5.2 mg/mL, respectively); the mean difference in PC20 values obtained using each method was 0.78 doubling concentrations (P = .01). The mean slopes were 22.7%/log mg/mL using the tidal breathing method and 24.9%/log mg/mL using the dosimeter method; the mean difference in the slopes obtained using each method was -2.17%/log mg/mL (P = .18). In 10 individuals who showed a plateau with the 2 methacholine challenge tests, the mean level of plateau was 19.8% using the tidal breathing method and 19.5% using the dosimeter method; the mean difference in the plateau values obtained with each method was 0.3% (P = .87). CONCLUSIONS: Although the tidal breathing method produces methacholine PC20 values significantly lower than the dosimeter method, both methods provide similar values for slope and level of plateau. These results suggest that the technical factors that affect methacholine sensitivity and the shape of the curve are different. 相似文献