La ruptura vesical durante el parto. Reporte de caso

Rupture of the bladder during labor is a rare complication that can be primary or secondary, complicating an obstetric trauma. We report an unusual case in a 34-year-old woman who presented with a uterine rupture complicated with bladder rupture. We describe the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of bladder rupture during labor.     

Synthesis of some (E)-6-[2-(furan-2-yl)ethenyl]-1,2,4-triazin-5-ones and their biological evaluation as antitumor agents

The synthesis of some new (E)-6-[2-(furan-2-yl)ethenyl]-1,2,4-triazin-5-ones directly linked to either pyrazole, pyrazoline, pyrazolidine counterparts, or to substituted thio and hydrazono functionalities is described. Six of the newly synthesized compounds were selected by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to be evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity according to the protocol of the NCI in vitro disease-oriented human cells screening panel assay. The results revealed that the pyrazole derivative 5c was found to be the most active member in this screen as evidenced by its ability to exert potential growth inhibitory activity against most of the tested subpanel tumor cell lines with selective influence on leukemia subpanel tumor cell lines (GI₅₀ values 2.01–3.03 μM). Moreover, a comparative study for log GI₅₀ values of both compound 5c and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) revealed that compound 5c showed higher potency than 5-FU against most of the tested subpanel tumor cell lines. Thus compound 5c could be considered as a suitable lead towards the design of broad spectrum antitumor active agents targeting various human tumor cell lines.     

Abnormal function of the UBA5 protein in a case of early developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with suppression‐burst

Early myoclonic epilepsy (EME) or Aicardi syndrome is one of the most severe epileptic syndromes affecting neonates. We performed whole exome sequencing in a sporadic case affected by EME and his parents. In the proband, we identified a homozygous missense variant in the ubiquitin‐like modifier activating enzyme 5 (UBA5) gene, encoding a protein involved in post‐translational modifications. Functional analysis of the UBA5 variant protein reveals that it is almost completely unable to perform its trans‐thiolation activity. Although recessive variants in UBA5 have recently been associated with epileptic encephalopathy, variants in this gene have never been reported to cause EME. Our results further demonstrate the importance of post‐translational modifications such as the addition of an ubiquitin‐fold modifier 1 (UFM1) to target proteins (ufmylation) for normal neuronal networks activity, and reveal that the dysfunction of the ubiquitous UBA5 protein is a cause of EME.     

Polymorphisms of interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 in Egyptian people with Behcet's disease

Cytokines play critical roles in the pathogenesis of Behçet's disease (BD). They mediated many of the effectors and regulatory functions of immune and inflammatory responses. Many studies have linked Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) pathologically to BD. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the associations between IL-6 and IL-10 promoter single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the susceptibility to BD and their implication on plasma levels. We genotyped IL-6 −174 G/C (rs1800795) using Mutagenically Separated Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR (MS-PCR) and IL-10 −1082 G/A (rs1800896) and −819 C/T (rs1800871) using Sequence Specific Primer PCR (SSP-PCR) in 87 Egyptian patients and 97 controls. The plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were measured using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Significant increase in the frequency of −1082 GG genotype (P < 0.05, OR = 2.25, 95%CI = 1.03–4.91) and significant decrease in the frequency of −1082 GA genotype (P < 0.05, OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.29–0.96) was demonstrated in BD patients compare to controls. Patients with genital ulcer had significantly lower frequency of −1082 GG (P < 0.05, OR 0.2, 95% CI = 0.04–0.99) and G allele (P < 0.05, OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.08–0.93), while patients with ocular manifestations had significantly higher frequency of −1082 G allele (P < 0.01, OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.19–4.36). BD patients had significantly higher level of IL-6 (P < 0.001) and significantly lower level of IL-10 (P < 0.001) compared to controls. The changes in the level of cytokines were independent of any genotype of IL-6 or any genotype/haplotype of IL-10. Patients with active disease state had significantly higher level of IL-6 compared to patients in remission (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our preliminary study indicates that the polymorphism at IL-10 −1082 G/A may play a role in BD susceptibility. The significant increase in IL-6 level and the significant decrease in IL-10 level in BD patients were independent of any particular genotype in IL-6 or any particular genotype/haplotype in IL-10.     

Selective and validated kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of irbesartan in pure and pharmaceutical formulations

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Sanitation characteristics of some food processing industries

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the sanitary conditions surrounding the food throughout the production stages in some food plants. Observation of the sanitary measures of the studied plants revealed that only 3 out of the 7 plants (42.9%) have acceptable sanitation that complies with the sanitary requirements specified by WHO. Personal hygiene and storage conditions were the most critical problems found in the studied plants. Laboratory examination of nasal and throat swabs and stool samples of workers was carried out to uncover the chronic carriers. Among the food handlers examined 46.3% were positive for intestinal parasites. Bacteriological examination of stool specimens revealed that 4.3% of carriers of Salmonella paratyphi and none were carriers of Vibreo species. Nasal swabs were also positive for Staph. aureus in 29.8% of all the examined swabs. Analysis of the main products of the studied plants revealed generally that the bacterial load of the products of plants having acceptable sanitary conditions was lower than that of the products of the other plants. The frozen vegetable products had a total aerobic mesophilic plate count ranging from 8.1 x 10(4) cfu/g in okra and 3.7 x 10(5) cfu/g in mixed vegetables. The total aerobic plate count of the ice cream (1 x 10(3) cfu/g) complies with specified Egyptian standards. However, the coliform count (9 x 10(1) MPN) was higher than the recommended limit. Lead and cadmium levels were also investigated in all products. The maximum detected level of lead was that of cream wafer (0.94 ppm) followed by banana wafer (0.82 ppm). The two detected levels were higher than Egyptian standards. The lead level in ice cream (0.19 ppm) was also higher than the specified standards. The relatively high levels of lead in cream wafer and ice cream may be attributed to more than one factor; the added color and the old machinery used in some production steps are the most accursed factors. On the other hand, the observed level of cadmium ranged between 0.046 ppm in raw mil and 0.3 ppm in soft cheese.