肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞及重组白细胞介素2治疗原发性肝细胞癌

目的探讨联合应用肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞（ｔｕｍｏｒｉｎｆｉｔｒａｔｉｎｇｌｙｍｐｈｏｃｙｔｅｓ,ＴＩＬ）和重组白细胞介素２（ｒＩＬ２）治疗对原发性肝细胞癌（ｐｒｉｍａｒｙｈｅｐａｔｏｃｅｌｕｌａｒｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ,ＰＨＣＣ）术后患者细胞免疫功能的影响和其临床疗效。方法对１６例ＰＨＣＣ术后患者进行了ＴＩＬ和ｒＩＬ２治疗,１２例从肝动脉插管输入,４例从门静脉插管输入。结果ＴＩＬ治疗后１６例患者外周血白细胞介素２（ＩＬ２）,Ｔ细胞亚群及比率均有不同程度上升;肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）,白细胞介素６（ＩＬ６）多有不同程度下降。随访６～２４个月,１４例肝癌根治性切除术患者,肿瘤无复发迹象,１例肝癌根治切除术患者ＴＮＦ上升了８ＩＵ,该患者治疗８个月后死于肝功能衰竭;１例肝癌姑息性切除,残癌无水酒精注射病人,ＴＩＬ治疗１８个月后肿瘤直径扩大２ｃｍ。结论ＴＩＬ治疗对提高ＰＨＣＣ术后患者抗肿瘤细胞免疫功能,防止肿瘤复发,抑制残瘤生长,延长患者生存期具有一定作用。     

甲亢患者的骨密度改变

目的 观察甲亢患者的ＢＭＤ改变及病程、ＴＴ３、年龄和性别对其改变的影响。方法 用单光子骨密度仪测量了１２９例未治甲亢患者桡骨ＢＭＤ。结果 甲亢组的桡骨ＢＭＤ低于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＢＭＤ减低发生率为２４．８０％。多元线性回归分析表明９０例女性甲亢患者的桡骨ＢＭＤ与病程及年龄呈负相关,而与ＴＴ３无关;３９例男性甲亢患者的桡骨ＢＭＤ与病程呈负相关,而与ＴＴ３和年龄无关。结论 甲 对骨质改变有重     

How should we manage children after mild head injury?

There are many controversies concerning the management of children after mild head injury. Most of these patients achieve a full recovery without medical or surgical intervention. A small percentage of them deteriorate owing to intracranial complications. The goal of this study was to identify significant factors that might allow the identification of patients at risk of subsequent deterioration. Its secondary goal was to establish a clinical protocol for the management of mild head injuries in children. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 166 children and adolescents with head trauma who had Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) or Children Coma Scale (CCS) scores of 13–15 at the time of admission. The patients were divided into five age categories: babies younger than 1 year, children 1–3, 4–6, and 7–14 years old, and adolescents 15–17 years of age. The largest age group consisted of children 7–14 years old (83 cases). There was a male predominance (2:1). The main causes of injury were traffic accidents (55 cases) and falls (53 patients). Neurosurgical procedures were required in 93 of the 166 patients (56%). The most common intracranial lesion was subdural and epidural hematoma (60 cases). In 26 children (15.6%) diffuse brain swelling was the only lesion. A skull fracture was found in 103 cases and was accompanied by epidural hematoma (HED) in 19 cases (18%) and by subdural hematoma (HSD) in 12 cases (12%). However, the 63 children without a fracture also included 18 (29%) who had HSD and 11 (17%) who had HED. In our population 165 (99%) of the patients obtained a very good or good result. None was left severely disabled or in a vegetative state. One patient with GCS 13 died of an infection. We concluded that skull X-ray examination is not sufficient to rule out intracranial hematoma. We recommend CT scanning and admission to hospital for 24-h observation for all children with minor head injury, because of the risk of delayed hematoma. Received: 8 September 1999     

耳部原发性横纹肌肉瘤的临床与病理特征

目的 探讨耳部原发性横纹肌肉瘤的临床及病理特征及其与婴儿横纹肌纤维肉瘤、原始神经外胚瘤、恶性横纹肌样瘤等肿瘤的鉴别诊断。方法 用光学显微镜和免疫组织化学以及肉眼观察8例耳部原发性横纹肌肉瘤的临床病理学特征。结果 8例中男性7例,女性1例,平均年龄7．4岁,其中胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤7例,葡萄型横纹肌肉瘤1例。免疫组织化学检查阳性率分别为：Vimentin及Myoglobin100％,Desmin75％,Actin82％。结论 耳部原发性横纹肌肉瘤和其他部位的软组织横纹肌肉瘤相比,组织学上并无特殊,但临床及病理形态学诊断却较困难,常需免疫组织化学标记帮助方能确诊。     

浅论窦汉卿的针灸学术思想

分析窦汉卿"流注八穴"理论、针下得气说、手指十四法、取穴、用针及治神等学术思想,探讨窦氏对<内经><难经>学术的继承发展以及窦氏学术对后世针灸各家的影响,指出其对提高治疗效果、发展针灸学术有重要的价值和意义.     

Humoral Response after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in a Cohort of Hemodialysis Patients and Kidney Transplant Recipients

Open in a separate window     

iRGD‐modified exosomes effectively deliver CPT1A siRNA to colon cancer cells,reversing oxaliplatin resistance by regulating fatty acid oxidation

Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) plays a vital role in drug resistance in cancer cells. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), a key enzyme of FAO, is widely recognized as an emerging therapeutic target. Here, we confirmed that CPT1A was heterogeneously expressed in colon cancer cells, with a high expression in oxaliplatin‐resistant cells but low expression in oxaliplatin‐sensitive cells, and expression could be increased by oxaliplatin stimulation. In addition, we verified that CPT1A was more highly expressed in colon cancer tissues than in noncancerous tissues. Silencing CPT1A by siRNA or etomoxir, a specific small‐molecule inhibitor of CPT1A, could reverse the sensitivity of drug‐resistant colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin. Subsequently, the combination of oxaliplatin with CPT1A inhibition promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation. In addition, exosomes were generated with the iRGD peptide on the surface, which showed highly efficient targeting compared with control exosomes in vivo. Furthermore, we loaded and therapeutically applied iRGD‐modified exosomes with siCPT1A to specifically deliver siCPT1A into tumours to suppress FAO. As a consequence, iRGD‐modified exosomes showed the significant inhibition of CPT1A in tumour tissues and exhibited the ability to reverse oxaliplatin resistance and inhibit tumour growth by inhibiting FAO with high safety in vivo.     

Differential correlates of prolonged grief and depression after bereavement in a population-based sample

Bereavement can lead to prolonged grief disorder (PGD) as well as episodes of major depression. Studies on the prevalence of PGD and its differences from postbereavement depression have not been conclusive. This study compared the correlates of depression and prolonged grief (PG) symptoms in a population-based random sample (N = 535) using the Beck Depression Inventory, Inventory of Complicated Grief–Revised, Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), and Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASAQ). Correlates of PG and depressive symptoms were examined using linear regression in 328 bereaved respondents. The prevalence of probable PGD based on PGD-2009 criteria was 3.0% among bereaved respondents and 1.9% in the total sample. PG was related to bereavement-related features including sex of the deceased, β = − .110, p = .026; time since loss, β = − .179, p = .001; the number of lifetime losses experienced, β = .157, p = .016; and perceived closeness with the deceased, β = .214, p < .001. Only lower income of the bereaved predicted depression, β = − .139, p = .018. In women, but not in men, the loss of a male family member (i.e., brother or son) was a significant predictor of PG symptoms, β = − .180, p = .006. The results confirm the qualitative distinction between depression and PG in a nonclinical sample and show that PG is mainly related to the intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of the deceased or of death, whereas depression relates only to the characteristics of the bereaved person.