地塞米松对布比卡因诱导小鼠神经元毒性的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone on the toxicity of bupivacaine in murine neurons.Methods Murine neuroblastoma cell line N2a was obtained from ATCC cell bank (USA). The cells were cultured in 10% fetal cow serum/MEM culture medium and divided into 4 groups voup I control (Con); group II bupivacaine ( Bup); group Ⅲ dexamethasone (Dex) and group IV Dex + Bup. The culture medium contained bupivacaine 900 μmol/L in group Bup and dexamethasone 1 μmol/L in group Dex respectively. In group Dex + Bup ( IV ) Bup was added to the culture medium with a final concentration of 900 μmol/L at 12 h after pretreatment with Dex 1 μmol/L. The cells were inoculated in 24 well plates (0.5 ml in each well, 24 wells in each group) and 10 cm culture dishes (7 ml in each dish, 4 dishes in each group). The release rate of LDH was calculated and the morphology of the cells and nucleus condensation (by Hoechst 3334224 fluorescent staining) was detected at 9 h of incubation in 24 well plates. The mitochondrial transmembrane potential (by JC-1 assay) and phosphorylation of Akt and ERKs (by Western blot) were measured at 5 h of incubation in 24 well plates and in culture dishes respectively. ResultsBupivacaine caused severe damage to the N2a cells as evidenced by increase in LDH release and nucleus condensation (apoptosis), dephosphorylation of Akt and ERKs, decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential and severe morphological changes. Dexamethasone pretreatment significantly attenuated bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. Conclusion Dexamethasone can protect N2a cells from bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity through stabilization of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and inhibition of dephosphorylation of Akt and ERKs.     

Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer在基因差异表达研究中的应用

目的观察Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer 芯片分析系统(以下简称Bioanalyzer)在基因差异表达研究中的应用。方法应用限制性显示技术分别从正常和热休克处理后的酿酒酵母细胞中分离出cDNA片段,然后再用Bioanalyzer和传统的琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术对RD-PCR产物进行检测分析。结果Bioanalyzer能更快速、敏感地分离和显示差异表达的基因片段,并且通过对差异片段进行定量比较,发现了数个表达有明显差异的基因片段。结论Bioanalyzer在基因差异表达研究中具有重要的应用价值。     

The General Practice Research Club.

The General Practice Research Club was established in 1969, and now has 120 members. A meeting of the club is held twice a year, at which various papers, from research ideas through to completed, published studies are presented. A survey of 40 individuals who had presented papers at meetings during the period 1984-89 showed that almost half (18) had presented papers on clinical topics. As a result of the presentation, 29 individuals had modified their research, with 11 undertaking major alterations. The meeting was rated most highly by those offering ideas and plans for research. Most individuals responded positively to the meetings, commenting that they valued peer review, found the meetings encouraging, and useful for focusing ideas. Lack of criticism and feedback was commented upon. The club has an important role to play in encouraging research by service general practitioners.     

下丘脑错构瘤214例临床特征分析

目的 分析下丘脑错构瘤的临床特征.方法 回顾分析1994年1月至2008年5月北京天坛医院诊治的214例下丘脑错构瘤的临床资料.结果 性别:男性多于女性,男女之比为1.52:1;有性早熟的115例中,男女之比为1.09:1;有癫痫的123例中男女之比为2.15:1;有痴笑样癫痫的96例中男女之比为2:1;同时表现为性早熟及癫痫的38例中男女之比为1.38:1.发病年龄:200例有症状的病例,平均发病年龄为34.5个月;发病年龄≤3岁者157例,占78.5%;单纯性早熟者77例(38.5%),平均发病年龄16.5个月,<3岁者67例,占87%;表现有性早熟者115例(57.5%),平均发病年龄为17.63个月,发病<3岁者99例,占86.1%;有痴笑样癫痫者96例(48%),平均为26.14个月,<3岁者有78例,占81.3%;所有癫痫者[痴笑样癫痫和(或)癫痫大、小发作]123例(61.5%),平均发病年龄为3.81岁,≤3岁前发病者有90例,占73.2%.结论 下丘脑错构瘤多数在婴幼儿期发病,男性多于女性.     

油漆工神经行为功能调查

目的：探讨油漆对作业工人的早期危害。方法：用神经行为核心测试组合（NCTB）法对55名油漆工和66名非油漆作业人员进行神经行为功能检查。结果：观察组数字广度、手提敏捷度、数字译码、视觉持留、目标追踪-Ⅱ得分均低于对照组（P＜0.05)；困惑情绪状态和数字译码、视觉持留得分随工龄增加显著降低，而平均简单反应时随工龄增加明显延长，P均＜0.05。结论：油漆作业对油漆工神经行为功能的影响可能存在一定的剂量反应关系。     

散结消肿贴中大黄重楼提取工艺优选研究

目的：优选散结消肿贴中大黄、重楼的渗漉提取工艺。方法：以总固体物得率和总蒽醌得率为指标，用正交实验优选。结果：工艺中影响最大的因素是乙醇浓度，其次是乙醇用量，浸泡时间影响较小。最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度65％，乙醇用量8倍量。浸泡时间24h。结论：渗漉法操作简单，成份破坏少，用优选所得条件进行提取，总蒽醌和总固体物得率均较高，优选结果可用于散结消肿贴中大黄、重楼的提取。     

膳食黑米皮抑制高脂诱导的家兔动脉粥样硬化形成及其机制的初步探讨

目的 探讨膳食黑米皮对高脂诱导的家兔动脉粥样硬化形成的影响及其作用机制。方法 24只雄性新西兰大耳白家兔,按体重随机分为3组,分别饲以正常基础饲料、高脂饲料(含96％基础饲料、0.5％胆固醇、3.5％猪油)、黑米皮饲料(含 91％基础饲料、0.5％胆固醇、3.5％猪油、5％黑米皮),实验期为 60d。用图像分析法测定各组家兔主动脉脂质斑块面积,并分析家兔氧化与抗氧化状态。结果 黑米皮实验家兔的主动脉壁斑块面积较高脂组低66%(P<0.001);黑米皮组实验家兔的主动脉壁8-ohdG含量和血清及主动脉壁中MDA水平也低于高脂组(P<0.05 );而红细胞及主动脉壁中SOD水平和血清α-生育酚含量在两个处理组之间差异无显著性。结论 膳食黑米皮可以抑制高脂诱导的家兔动脉粥样硬化形成,其机制可能与之降低机体氧化应激水平及过氧化脂质生成有关。     

肿瘤抑制因子PTEN蛋白在自发性高血压大鼠主动脉平滑肌中的表达

目的：研究PTEN蛋白在雄性自发性高血压大鼠及SD大鼠主动脉中的表达。方法：取18周龄和26周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠及同龄雄性SD大鼠主动脉石蜡包埋切片，免疫组织化学观察PTEN在主动脉平滑肌细胞中的表达。结果：SD大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞中存在PTEN阳怀免疫反应产物。自发性高血压大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞也存在PTEN阳性免疫反应产物，但免疫反应产物的染色强度明显低于SD大鼠。结论：SD大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞PTEN高表达，自发性高血压大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞PTEN表达呈下降趋势。提示PTEN可能在自发性高血压大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞重塑过程中发挥作用。     

腹腔镜在直肠癌保肛手术中的应用与评价

腹腔镜技术存结直肠恶性肿瘤手术中的应用．是结直肠肿瘤手术发生的重大变革之一．该文主要对腹腔镜技术在直肠癌保肛手术中应用的原则、病例选择、技术关键进行论述，并对腹腔镜直肠癌保肛手术的可行性、肿瘤根治性、短期疗效、远期疗效进行了评价．认为腹腔镜直肠癌根治手术术后生命质量、远期疗效、卫生经济学评价将是今后需要探讨的重要目标．     

CT evaluation of Crohn's disease: effect on patient management

CT scans from 80 consecutive patients with clinically symptomatic Crohn's disease were reviewed retrospectively to determine the effect of CT diagnosis on patient management. The initial clinical impression and any subsequent change in patient management because of the CT findings were noted. In 22 (28%) of the 80 patients, significant previously unsuspected findings led to a change in medical or surgical management. These included 12 patients with fistulae, four with abscess, two with avascular necrosis of the femoral head, two with sacral osteomyelitis, and single cases of pelvic inflammatory disease and femoral vein thrombosis.