The European Renaissance was a time of enormous change and rapid progress in the arts, sciences, and medicine. A glimpse of wound care in the last phase of the European Renaissance is provided by the analysis of work by Wilhelm Fabry, the "father of German surgery," as provided in his book De Combustionibus ("Burns") which details his range of treatments for the burn wound, as well as his approach to the later problems of scarring and contracture. We describe some of the historic events which may have stimulated Fabry's writings, in particular, the influences passed down from the medical school of Padua which thereby advanced the cause of wound care and surgery. Finally, we briefly explore the potential of such an approach to the works of our medical forefathers. 相似文献
Objective. To describe factors related to compliance diagnostic follow‐up among minority women of low socioeconomic status with abnormal screening mammograms.
Methods. A retrospective cross‐sectional survey using a structured telephone interview. Three cancer screening clinics at an urban inner‐city public hospital. All women with abnormal screening mammograms between September 1990 and January 1992 were eligible; women were interviewed in August 1992. Abnormal mammograms were those requiring specific, non‐routine clinical follow‐up; non‐compliance was defined as delayed follow‐up (four to six months after the date of the mammogram), or no follow‐up at the time of interview (more than 6 months after abnormal).
Results. Sixty‐two of 442 screened women had abnormal results; the overall rate of non‐compliance with follow‐up was 50%. Among the 42 (68%) women who agreed to be interviewed, non‐compliers were less likely to state that they had been told to receive follow‐up than compilers (65% versus 100%; p = 0.008). Non‐compliant women were less likely to have suspicious mammography interpretations (p = 0.05), and more likely to report barriers to follow‐up, such as cost of lost wages and medical care, system barriers, or fears, than compliant women (61.9% versus 9%, p = 0.01). There were no differences between the two groups for age, education, insurance, source of care, family history, knowledge or attitudes.
Conclusions. These preliminary results suggest that follow‐up of low income, minority women with abnormal screening mammograms could be enhanced by improved communication of results. Future studies should extend these findings with larger samples and in other settings and populations. 相似文献
Effects of pentagastrin, histamine, PGI2, and vasopressin on gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) in innervated stomachs of anesthetized dogs were measured by means of the hydrogen clearance method, using a contact electrode. The results were compared with findings obtained with the aminopyrine (AP) clearance method in Heidenhain pouch preparations. Pentagastrin at 2 and 8 g/kg/hr had no effects on GMBF, as measured by the hydrogen clearance method, but there was a marked increase in GMBF when the AP clearance method was used. Histamine at 40 or 160 g/kg/hr tended to reduce or significantly reduced GMBF when measured with the hydrogen clearance method, but there was a significant increase in GMBF with the AP clearance method. Both PGI2 (3 or 30 g/kg/hr) and vasopressin (0.06 or 0.25 units/kg/hr) reduced GMBF as determined by both methods. These results indicate that the hydrogen clearance method is advantageous for detecting regional GMBF but is disadvantageous when attempting to detect the effects of agents which increase GMBF.The Editor wishes to express publicly his regrets to the authors that the editorial planned to highlight this paper will not appear until next month. He particularly apologizes for the long delay in publishing after the paper had been accepted in anticipation of the editorial to appear in the same issue. 相似文献
The purpose of this study was to examine reading, demographic, social and psychological factors related to pre-adolescent smoking and non-smoking behaviors and attitudes. The school-home humanistic education program was implemented in a large, urban public school system. It stressed responsible decision-making, increased self-esteem and the inter-relationships among the acquisition of knowledge of the consequences of smoking, personal feelings, family relationships and behavior. The results showed that family involvement was necessary to affect smoking attitudes and behaviors. Of all the variables studied, reading had a most pervasive relationship. Peer influence and self-esteem also were related to smoking knowledge, smoking attitude, future smoking intentions and the "purchase" of cigarettes. Two of several conclusions drawn from the results are: 1. Family involvement is necessary to affect attitudes and behaviors. 2. Health education research that does not investigate the relationship between program outcomes and reading achievement may be misleading. 相似文献