Identification of dihydropteridine reductase in human platelets

Normal human platelets were shown to contain the enzyme dihydropteridine reductase. The enzyme was not found in a variety of other cells of hematogenous origin. Partial purification and kinetic and physical data indicated that the platelet enzyme is similar to that previously characterized from liver. Dihydropteridine reductase is important for the regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin, a required cofactor in hydroxylation reactions involved in biogenic amine formation. The presence of the enzyme may indicate that some synthesis de novo of serotonin and/or catecholamines occurs in platelets, as opposed to a purely storage and transport function. In addition, screening for hyperphenylalaninemia due to dihydropteridine reductase deficiency may become feasible by assaying platelets for enzyme activity.     

Operative treatment and arthroscopic findings in chronic patellar tendinitis

Patellar tendinitis is a well-described clinical entity that usually responds well to conservative treatment. However, a subset of patients continue with symptoms despite exhaustive nonoperative means. The objective of the study was to review the treatment course and operative results of seven patients (eight knees) with chronic patellar tendinitis treated surgically. Five (70%) of these patients were either professional or collegiate athletes. The average age was 30 years (range, 20 to 45 years). Duration of symptoms averaged 1.4 years (range, 3 months to 4 years) before surgical correction. Operative treatment included knee arthroscopy and open repair consisting of excision of degenerated tissue and stimulation of a healing response of the patellar tendon pathology. Operative findings and pathology reports consistently showed marked fibrotendinous degeneration. Follow-up averaged 3.6 years (range, 4 months to 8.5 years). Outcomes were measured subjectively with SF36 results and objectively with Biodex testing (Biodex, Shirley, NY) and return to previous level of competition. Overall, 86% of patients achieved an excellent result and 14% had a fair result. We recommend operative intervention in a patient with chronic patellar tendinitis who does not improve with well-supervised, comprehensive conservative treatment. (Arthroscopy 1998 Nov-Dec;14(8):836-9.)     

Low-artifact intravascular devices: MR imaging evaluation

Flow-phantom magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, with use of both spin-echo (SE) and gradient-echo (GRE) techniques at 1.5 T, was performed on the percutaneous Greenfield (beta-III titanium alloy [TMA wire]), Amplatz (MP32-N alloy), and Simon nitinol filters and TMA wire facsimiles of the bird's nest, Gunther, new retrievable, and Amplatz vena caval filters. SE imaging allowed detection of thrombi as small as 5 X 5 mm trapped within the percutaneous Greenfield, Simon nitinol, and TMA-wire facsimile filters; with the MP32-N Amplatz filter, a larger volume of thrombus (10 X 20-mm clots) was necessary for clot detection. GRE imaging allowed detection of intraluminal tilting of the percutaneous Greenfield and facsimile Amplatz (TMA-wire) filters. GRE imaging was useful for demonstrating postfilter turbulence due to clots, which was greatest for the Amplatz filter. Imaging of facsimile vascular devices made of tantalum or TMA wire did not cause the severe "black-hole" MR artifacts typical of the stainless-steel devices. SE and GRE imaging were very useful for determining caval patency in two patients with previously placed Mobin-Uddin filters. Noninvasive MR evaluation of blood vessels in the presence of a variety of low-artifact intravascular devices appears feasible.     

HPLC柱切换法对炔诺酮α,β-聚(3-羟丙基)-DL-天冬酰胺在兔体内释放炔诺酮的测定

以柱切换HPLC(CSHPLC)技术,对炔诺酮α,β-聚(3-羟丙基)-DL-天冬酰胺在家兔体内释放液中炔诺酮的血药浓度进行了测定,以自制ODS预柱,水为流动相联机净化、富集样品;以Shim-packCLC-ODS为分析柱,甲醇-水(7:3)为流动相。结果表明CSHPLC对炔诺酮血药浓度有良好的选择性,回收率为82.6%(n=5),日内和日间精密度(RSD)分别小于4%和6%。在血清0.22～1.10μg/m1范围内炔诺酮色谱峰面积与浓度有较好的线性关系(n=5,r=0.998).     

HPLC柱切换法对炔诺酮α，β－聚（3－羟丙基）－DL－天冬酰胺在兔体内释放炔诺酮的测定

以柱切换ＨＰＬＣ（ＣＳＨＰＬＣ）技术，对炔诺酮α，β－聚（３－羟丙基）－ＤＬ天冬酰胺在家兔体内释放液中炔诺酮的血药浓度进行了测定，以自制ＯＤＳ预柱，水为流动相联机净化、富集样品；以Ｓｈｉｍ－ｐａｃｋＣＬＣ－ＯＤＳ为分析柱，甲醇－水（７：３）为流动相。结果表明ＣＳＨＰＬＣ对炔诺酮血药浓度有良好的选择性，回收率为８２．６％（ｎ＝５），日内和日间精密度（ＲＳＤ）分别小于４％和６％。在血清０．２２～１．１０μｇ／ｍ１范围内炔诺酮色谱峰面积与浓度有较好的线性关系（ｎ＝５，ｒ＝０．９９８）．     

兔口服炔诺酮肟和炔诺酮的药代动力学

本文用高效液相色谱分离、液闪测定放射性的方法,测定了兔口服炔诺酮肟(NETO)和炔诺酮(NET)的血浓,并比较了二者的药代动力学参数。结果表明:二者吸收迅速,从血中的消除均呈快慢两个时相。NETO在兔体内一部分迅速转变为NET,另一部分则以原药形式存在,24 h内NETO与其代谢产物NET在血清中的浓度大致各占一半。兔口服NETO与NET后,血浓—时间曲线符合二室模型,NETO的达峰时间比NET短,二者有显著差异(P<0.05),其它动力学参数无明显差异(P>0.05)。     

麦冬类中药组织切片计算机三维重建图鉴

利用计算机技术实现麦冬类中药组织连续切片三维重建与动态显示,为计算机辅助生药学鉴定和教学提供了新的三维图像技术和研究资料。     

Antibiotic prophylaxis in the surgical treatment of peritrochanteric fractures: a comparative trial between two cephalosporins

In a study of 200 patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery, prophylaxis with either ceftriaxone or cefotaxime was equally effective. No patient developed bacterial infection, either systemic or local, during the first 10 postoperative days. In the 1-year follow-up period, 2 patients developed deep wound infection (1 from each group). Ceftriaxone 1 g was given once only as a single preoperative dose, whereas cefotaxime was, in addition to the preoperative dose, also given postoperatively every 8 h for 3 days (totally 9 doses of 1 g). Emphasis is placed on the practical advantage of the single dose of ceftriaxone, which facilitates nursing of the patient.     

精神分裂症患者血浆高香草酸浓度与临床症状、性别和药物治疗的关系

目的：通过分析精神分裂症患者中枢多巴胺代谢产物－血浆高香草酸浓度（ｐＨＶＡ）与临床指征的关系,进一步探讨多巴胺神经递质及其药物治疗在精神分裂症的作用。方法在４６例长期药物治疗、５８例未治疗精神分裂症患者中,采用高液相色谱连接电化学分析仪测定ＰＨＶＡ;测前评定阳性症状量表（ＳＡＰＳ）和阴性症状量表（ＳＡＮＳ）。结果（１）与６２例健康对照组比,治疗组ＰＨ－ＶＡ显著减低,未治疗组显著增高,以阴性症状组为