纤支镜肺泡灌洗联合振荡排痰仪治疗老年COPD合并肺癌的疗效观察

目的探讨纤支镜肺泡灌洗联合振荡排痰仪治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并肺癌的效果。方法选取2019年1月至2019年10月于解放军联勤保障部队第九九〇医院接受治疗的86例老年COPD合并肺癌患者作为研究对象,随机分为2组,每组43例,对照组在对症治疗基础上采用震荡排痰仪辅助排痰,观察组在此基础上联合纤支镜进行肺泡灌洗治疗,对比两组有效率、炎症因子水平、恢复时间和住院时间。结果治疗10 d后,观察组有效率明显高于对照组,炎症因子水平低于对照组,恢复时间和住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论纤支镜肺泡灌洗联合振荡排痰仪治疗老年COPD合并肺癌效果确切,能显著改善患者肺不张状况,降低炎症水平,缩短治疗时间和住院时间。     

中药活性成分大黄素用于治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的可能性

2019新型冠状病毒感染已严重威胁到人们的健康和生活,但目前尚无特效治疗药物对其进行有效的防控。大黄素作为蓼科植物大黄及虎杖的主要活性成分,具有广谱的抗病毒活性,对包括SARS冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)、流感病毒、HIV病毒、HBV病毒等的感染和复制具有抑制作用。因此,本文就抗SARS-CoV的中成药及中药复方、大黄素及复方制剂抗病毒的机制、含大黄及虎杖的复方制剂抗病毒的临床研究和大黄素用于治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的可能性进行综述,旨在探讨其治疗2019新型冠状病毒的临床可能性。     

儿童龋病与唾液CCL28 和sIgA 抗体的相关性

目的：探讨儿童唾液中趋化性细胞因子CCL28含量和sIgA 抗体分泌与儿童患龋状况之间的联系。方法： 抽取长沙市两所幼儿园3~5岁108名幼儿进行龋齿检查,根据检查结果分为无龋组[龋失补指数(dynamical mean-field theory,DMFT)=0];低龋组(DMFT=1~4);高龋组(DMFT≥5),收集非刺激性全唾液样本,用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA) 定量检测唾液中 CCL28及sIgA的含量,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果：108名儿童唾液中CCL28的浓度为 (121.22±32.63) pg/mL,sIgA 的浓度为(16.49±8.02) μg/mL,两者之间存在线性正相关关系(r=0.734),且儿童唾液样本中 CCL28和sIgA含量随儿童患龋程度而增加(P<0.05)。结论：儿童龋患能够促进CCL28和sIgA分泌,且CCL28和sIgA的分 泌量与龋患程度呈正相关;CCL28对唾液中sIgA 的分泌起促进作用。     

临床药师参与1例特发性肺纤维化治疗的药学实践

目的：评价药师参与特发性肺纤维化治疗的药学实践及对治疗效果的改善情况。方法：药师与医师密切配合,参考《热病》和相关文献及指南,根据患者病情变化和治疗效果及时调整药物治疗方案,密切观察疗效。结果：患者病情较前好转。结论：临床药师参与药物治疗全过程,将药学理论与临床实践有机结合,减少不良反应,促进合理用药。     

Ag–K/MnO2 nanorods as highly efficient catalysts for formaldehyde oxidation at low temperature

A series of Ag–K/MnO₂ nanorods with various molar ratios of K/Ag were synthesized by a conventional wetness incipient impregnation method. The as-prepared catalysts were used for the catalytic oxidation of HCHO. The Ag–K/MnO₂ nanorods with an optimal K/Ag molar ratio of 0.9 demonstrated excellent HCHO conversion efficiency of 100% at a low temperature of 60 °C. The structures of the samples were investigated by BET, TEM, SEM, XRD, H₂-TPR, O₂-TPD and XPS. The results showed that Ag–0.9K/MnO₂-r exhibited more facile reducibility and greatly abundant surface active oxygen species, endowing it with the best catalytic activity of the studied catalysts. This work provides new insights into the development of low-cost and highly efficient catalysts for the removal of HCHO.

Ag–K/MnO₂ nanorods with appropriate K/Ag ratio demonstrated excellent catalytic activity for complete oxidation of formaldehyde.     

城市人口结构变化对无偿献血的影响及对策研究

该研究对比分析了城市人口年龄结构的变化趋势和无偿献血者年龄结构的变化趋势,发现随着城市进入"老龄化社会",无偿献血人群结构出现高龄化趋势,18~25岁年龄段的献血者所占比例由2009年的33.01%下降至2013年的18.18%,45岁以上的献血者2013年与2009年相比增长了9.68个百分点。随着人口老龄化进程的加剧,老年人疾病多,病情往往比较严重,对血液资源的需求量不断上升。由此造成了无偿献血工作的难度加大,采供血矛盾突出。该研究结合本地实际情况对解决采供血矛盾的方法和措施进行了探讨。     

外周血白细胞水平与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的　探讨外周血白细胞水平与 2型糖尿病的相关性。方法　分析了 178例初诊的2型糖尿病患者和 85例正常对照者的体重指数 (BMI)、外周血白细胞 (WBC)和糖脂代谢指标。结果　 2型糖尿病组WBC、BMI、空腹血糖 (FBG)、空腹胰岛素 (FINS) ,甘油三酯 (TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL)均高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5～P <0 .0 1) ,而胰岛素敏感性指数 (ISI)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL)降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;Spearman相关分析显示WBC与BMI(r =0 .16,P <0 .0 5 )、FBG(r =0 .17,P <0 .0 5 )、TG(r =0 .2 0 ,P <0 .0 1)、LDL(r =0 .17,P <0 .0 5 )等正相关 ,而与ISI(r =-0 .3 4,P <0 .0 1)和HDL(r =-0 .18,P <0 .0 5 )负相关 ;多元逐步回归分析显示FINS、2小时血糖 (P2hBG)、ISI、TG和HDL是白细胞升高的独立危险因素。结论　白细胞升高与 2型糖尿病糖脂代谢异常相关 ,慢性炎症可能参与了胰岛素抵抗和 2型糖尿病的发生。     

Development of SSR and SNP markers for identifying opium poppy

Papaver somniferum L. (opium poppy) is the original plant of heroin, which is a major narcotic drug, and this plant has brought great harm to human health. However, the ban on opium poppy cultivation and trafficking is facing great challenges because of abnormal profits. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification is important to address the abovementioned problems. In this study, eleven simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were mined to distinguish opium poppy from other six Papaver species. These molecular markers were further verified through a large number of plant materials of these seven Papaver species. An excellent multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system that simultaneously amplifies the three of eleven SSR markers was developed, which effectively improves the efficiency and speed of identification. The present research is of great implication for identifying and investigating the illegal cultivation and trafficking of opium poppy.