蛇床子素对大鼠成骨细胞中0PG和RANKL基因mRNA表达的影响

目的 观察蛇床子素(OST)对体外培养的大鼠成骨细胞中OPG中RANKL基因表达的影响。方法 新生SD大鼠颅骨成骨细胞培养,设空白对照组和用不同浓度蛇床子素培养液(10-7,10-6,10-5mol／L)培养处理的大鼠成骨细胞为实验组,未经处理的细胞为空白对照组,分别提取48 h和7 d的细胞总mRNA,用RT-PCR技术分析OPG／RANKL的mRNA表达情况进行半定量比较。结果48h两基因都已有表达,相对空白对照组,OST上调OPG mRNA的表达(P<0.05),但对RANKL的表达无显著影响,OPG／RANKL比值变大;7 d时OPG和RANKL表达都有增加,OST上调OPG的表达(P<0.01),OST在10-5mol／L下调RANKL的表达(P<0.05),OPG／RANKL比值增大。结论OST可以增加大鼠成骨细胞OPG的表达,同时轻微抑制RANKL的表达,早期对RANKL的表达影响不大。     

超声引导下细针穿刺重复活检Bethesda Ⅲ类甲状腺结节

BethesdaⅢ类甲状腺结节是甲状腺细胞病理学Bethesda报告系统中最具争议的诊断类型,对其进行明确诊断意义重大。重复超声引导下细针穿刺活检(US-FNAB)是相关指南推荐的BethesdaⅢ类甲状腺结节首选临床管理办法。本文就重复US-FNAB在BethesdaⅢ类甲状腺结节中的应用进展进行综述。     

雌激素调节大鼠去卵巢后骨髓细胞OPG、RANKL、RANK基因表达

目的 观察大鼠去卵巢后骨髓细胞核因子κB受体活化子配体（RANKL）、核因子κB受体活化子（RANK）、护骨素（OPG）以及TNF-α基因表达的改变和雌激素的影响。方法 健康3m龄雌性SD大鼠72只，24只为假手术对照组，48只去卵巢，随机分为去卵巢组和雌激素组，每组24只。分别于去卵巢后2、4、6、12w每组各取6只大鼠骨髓细胞提取RNA，RT-PCR半定量分析其表达。结果 与对照组相比，去卵巢后2W．去卵巢组骨髓细胞TNF-α和RANKLmRNA表达显著升高（P〈0．05—0．01），第4-6w，上述改变达高峰，至第12w TNF-α仍呈有意义增高；而OPG表达在第2-6W则明显降低（P〈0．01），2-4W为最低点；OPG／RANKL比值2-6W为最低（P〈0．01），12W仍低于对照组。雌激素组以上各时间TNF-α和RANKL表达低于去卵巢组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）而OPG表达和OPG／RANKL比值明显高于去卵巢组（P〈0．01）。各组全程未见RANK基因表达水平有明显变化。结论 雌激素抑制大鼠去卵巢后骨髓细胞过度表达RANKL和TNF-α而增加OPG的表达。     

高糖和茶多酚对人脐静脉内皮细胞谷胱甘肽S转移酶、髓过氧化物酶活性及基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子表达的影响

目的 探讨高糖对内皮细胞产生活性氧和基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子(EMMPRIN)的影响及茶多酚(TPs)的干预作用.方法 培养人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs),分为正常对照组、高糖组、TPs对照组和TPs干预组.培养0、6、12、24 h后,用分光光度比色法测定细胞上清液髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GSH-ST)含量,用免疫细胞化学法测定细胞内EMMPRIN的变化.结果 高糖导致内皮细胞GSH-ST活性下降和MPO含量升高,下调EMMPRIN表达,其变化随时间延长更为明显.TPs干预可拮抗高糖时内皮细胞的上述改变.结论 高糖能引起内皮细胞的氧化应激,影响细胞外基质降解,TPs可以抑制这种作用.     

我院药师作用调研与分析

目的:了解患者、医护人员对药师作用的认可程度与评价,促进药学服务的开展。方法:采用问卷调查的方式,以5分制评估被调查者的肯定程度,并进行相应分析。结果:患者对药师的职责了解程度不高,护士和医师对药师的技能评价较高,但对药师参与临床工作的方式与效果有很大分歧。结论:药师还需扩大提供服务的层面和领域,使其更受信任。     

97种皮肤科用医院制剂文献调查分析

目的:考察皮肤科用医院制剂现状及发展趋势,为医院制剂发展提供参考。方法:对2001～2005年发表在《中国医院药学杂志》、《中国药房》杂志“医院制剂”栏目中有关皮肤科用医院制剂的97篇文献进行统计分析。结果:97种制剂涉及剂型种类达23种,其中西药制剂56种,中药制剂20种,中西药复方制剂21种。结论:局部外用制剂在皮肤科用医院制剂中占有非常重要的地位。     

Cyclin B and E2F-1 expression in prostate carcinoma cells treated with the novel retinoid CD437 are regulated by the ubiquitin-mediated pathway

E2F-1 and cyclin B are important regulators of the cell cycle, and their expressionand degradation are tightly regulated. Proteolysis of both molecules is mediated by the ubiquitin degradation pathway involving the activation of specific E3 ubiquitin ligases. Treatment of prostate carcinoma cells with the novel retinoid 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-naphthalene carboxylic acid (CD437/AHPN) results in the enhanced expression of E2F-1 and rapid degradation of cyclin B in the absence of the modulation of mRNA levels; this is accompanied by the S phase arrest of the cells and subsequent apoptosis. The elevated level of E2F-1 is because of the enhanced stability of the molecule, as indicated by pulse-labeling studies, demonstrating a prolonged half-life. The enhanced E2F-1 stability is associated with the concomitant acetylation of E2F-1, the disassociation of E2F-1 from the E2F-1 E3 ligase p45(SKP2), and decreased E2F-1 ubiquitination, suggesting CD437 inhibition of E-3 E2F-1 ligase activity. Exposure of the cells to CD437 also results in the enhanced association of the cyclin B E3 ligase APC with cyclin B and the rapid proteolysis of cyclin B. The CD437-enhanced proteolysis of cyclin B is blocked in the presence of the ubiquitin proteolysis inhibitor N-acetyl-leu-leu-norleu-al. Thus, CD437 modulates the expression of E2F-1 and cyclin B through the simultaneous stimulation and inhibition of the cyclin B and E2F-1 E3 ligases, respectively.     

Pelvic hematoma resulting in obstructive uropathy

The use of anticoagulants, for whatever indication, may carry a high risk of hematoma formation following surgery. Obstructive uropathy is a very rare but possible example of complication secondary to an extensive pelvic hematoma. We describe a case of a patient with rheumatic heart disease and aortic valve replacement, who developed a massive postoperative pelvic hematoma following bilateral tubal ligation, resulting in bilateral ureteric obstructions. This was treated with bilateral ureteric stent through cystoscopy.     

Childhood meningitis in a tertiary hospital in Addis Ababa: clinical and epidemiological features

Hospital based prospective study of 136 children aged 3 months to 12 years admitted as cases of meningitis between June 1996 and May 1997 was undertaken to assess the epidemiological features, evaluate the outcome and measure the duration of clinical improvement after initiation of treatment. Infants accounted for 79 (58%) of cases and 23 (68%) of deaths. Next to fever and vomiting, neurologic signs were the commonest presentation. H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis accounted for 90% of culture isolates. Delayed presentation, partial treatment, altered sensorium at admission and pneumococcal meningitis were risk factors for mortality. The morbidity and mortality rates were 25% of total cases each. The mean duration of fever was 3.7 (+/- 2.27) days after treatment. The morbidity and mortality rates are still high in this hospital.