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不同焦虑水平的操作员在有目的竞争活动中的心理生理参数 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究并讨论了在模拟状态下飞行员的心理-生理活动的焦虑水平。焦虑指的是一种特定的性格状态,从事危险职业的人由于经常性地受到紧张因素的影响,会产生长期的或暂时的焦虑。研究结果表明,当选拔在复杂环境条件下工作的操作者时,应优先考虑低焦虑水平的人;而当小组共同完成任务时,应着重考虑焦虑水平相当的人。 相似文献
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Rainer E. Sachse M.D. D.D.S. George VV. Burke III M.D. Maureen Jonas M.D. Martin Milgrom M.D. Ph.D. Joshua Miller M.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1990,85(7):876-879
Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) occurred in a pediatric liver transplant recipient experiencing chronic rejection. Signs and symptoms included abdominal distention, subcutaneous emphysema, fever, and malaise. Antibiotic treatment and nasogastric decompression resulted in prompt relief of symptoms, and surgery was not necessary. The etiology, pathophysiology, and therapy of this rare condition are discussed. 相似文献
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The role of the spleen in regulating the plasma levels of factor VIII-- von Willebrand's factor after DDAVP 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Organ transplantation and perfusion studied indicate that the spleen plays an important role in the regulation of plasma levels of factor VIII-von Willebrand's factor (FVIII-vWF). To better understand the mechanisms that regulate the FVIII-vWF increases after infusion of 1- deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), we have measured factor VIII coagulant activity (FVIII:C) and antigen (FVIII:CAg) and von Willebrand's factor antigen (vWF:Ag) and ristocetin cofactor (vWF:RCof) in 9 asplenic subjects with normal baseline concentrations, in 7 asplenic subjects with high concentrations, and in 14 normal controls with intact spleens. In "normal" aasplenics, all the FVIII-vWF-related measurements increased significantly over baseline values, indicating that responsiveness to DDAVP is not abolished by splenectomy. The maximal vWF:Ag and vWF:RCof responses were no different from those of normal controls, suggesting that DDAVP releases vWF from storage sites other than the spleen. The FVIII:C response was significantly lower than in normal controls, but FVIII:CAg did not differ, making FVIII:CAg higher than FVIII:CAg in "normal" asplenics. These findings suggest that the spleen, rather than being a storage site for FVIII, is the organ in which a partially inactive form of FVIII acquires full coagulant activity. In "high" asplenics, all the FVIII-vWF-related measurements increased less than in "normal" splenics, indicating that long-term elevations of plasma concentrations of FVIII-vWF are accompanied by decreased release from those storage pool(s) mobilized by DDAVP. 相似文献
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Kazakov P. V. Gorelenko S. V. Derevyagina I. D. Lukashov O. I. Mirzabekova N. S. 《Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal》2020,54(1):46-48
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal - Oxidation by HNO3 at atmospheric pressure of toluenes with electronegative substituents on the benzene ring was studied. A method enabling the corresponding... 相似文献
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Pre‐exposure prophylaxis: awareness,acceptability and risk compensation behaviour among men who have sex with men and the transgender population 下载免费PDF全文
Objectives
This exploratory study examined the facilitators of and barriers to acceptance of pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and potential risk compensation behaviour emerging from its use among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender individuals (TGs) in India.Methods
A questionnaire was administered to 400 individuals registered with a targeted intervention programme. Logistic regression models were used to identify facilitators of and barriers to PrEP acceptance.Results
The respondents consisted of 68% MSM and 32% TGs. Risk behaviour categorization identified 40% as low risk, 41% as medium risk and, 19% as high risk for HIV infection. About 93% of the respondents were unaware of PrEP, but once informed about it, 99% were willing to use PrEP. The facilitators of PrEP acceptance were some schooling [odds ratio (OR) 2.16; P = 0.51], being married or in a live‐in relationship (OR 2.08; P = 0.46), having a high calculated risk (OR 3.12; P = 0.33), and having a high self‐perceived risk (OR 1.8; P = 0.35). Increasing age (OR 2.12; P = 0.04) was a significant barrier. TGs had higher odds of acceptance of PrEP under conditions of additional cost (OR 2.12; P = 0.02) and once‐daily pill (OR 2.85; P = 0.04). Individuals identified as low risk for HIV infection showed lower odds of potential risk compensation, defined as more sexual partners (OR 0.8; P = 0.35), unsafe sex with new partners (OR 0.71; P = 0.16), and decreased condom use with regular partners (OR 0.95; P = 0.84), as compared with medium‐risk individuals. The associations, although not statistically significant, are nevertheless important for public health action given the limited scientific evidence on PrEP use among MSM and TGs in India.Conclusions
With high acceptability and a low likelihood of risk compensation behaviour, PrEP can be considered as an effective prevention strategy for HIV infection among MSM and TGs in India.80.
Pasternak AO Adema KW Bakker M Jurriaans S Berkhout B Cornelissen M Lukashov VV 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2008,46(7):2206-2211