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981.
982.
Geordan D. Shannon Corinna Alberg Luis Nacul Nora Pashayan 《Maternal and child health journal》2014,18(6):1512-1531
A key challenge of preconception healthcare is identifying how it can best be delivered at a population level. To review current strategies of preconception healthcare, explore methods of preconception healthcare delivery, and develop public health models which reflect different preconception healthcare pathways. Preconception care strategies, programmes and evaluations were identified through a review of Medline and Embase databases. Search terms included: preconception, pre-pregnancy, intervention, primary care, healthcare, model, delivery, program, prevention, trial, effectiveness, congenital disorders OR abnormalities, evaluation, assessment, impact. Inclusion criteria for review articles were: (1) English, (2) human subjects, (3) women of childbearing age, (4) 1980–current data, (5) all countries, (6) both high risk and universal approaches, (7) guidelines or recommendations, (8) opinion articles, (9) experimental studies. Exclusion criteria were: (1) non-human subjects, (2) non-English, (3) outside of the specified timeframe, (4) articles on male healthcare. The results of the literature review were synthesised into public health models of care: (1) primary care; (2) hospital-based and inter-conception care; (3) specific preconception care clinics; and, (4) community outreach. Fifteen evaluations of preconception care were identified. Community programmes demonstrated a significant impact on substance use, folic acid supplementation, diabetes optimization, and hyperphenylalaninemia. An ideal preconception visits entail risk screening, education, and intervention if indicated. Subsequently, four public health models were developed synthesizing preconception-care delivery at a population level. Heterogeneity of risk factors, health systems and strategies of care reflect the lack of consensus about the best way to deliver preconception care. The proposed models aim to reflect differing aspects of preconception healthcare delivery. 相似文献
983.
A. D. Martins M. G. Alves R. L. Bernardino T. R. Dias B. M. Silva P. F. Oliveira 《European journal of nutrition》2014,53(6):1383-1391
Purpose
Many health benefits have been attributed to tea (Camellia sinensis (L.)), and tea infusions are used as dietary agent and included in food supplements. Herein, we report the effect of a white tea (WTEA) extract in Sertoli cell (SC) metabolism. The SC is responsible for the nutritional support of the developing germ cells.Methods
An aqueous WTEA extract was prepared and analyzed by 1H-NMR. Rat SCs were cultured with or without the WTEA extract. mRNA and protein levels of glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT3), phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and monocarboxylate transporter 4 were determined by qPCR and western blot. LDH activity was assessed and metabolite production/consumption determined by 1H-NMR.Results
WTEA-exposed SCs presented decreased protein and mRNA levels of GLUT1 and decreased glucose uptake. However, intracellular LDH activity was increased and SC lactate production was stimulated by the presence of the WTEA extract. Interestingly, alanine production was also found to be stimulated in WTEA extract-exposed SCs.Conclusion
WTEA extract altered the glycolytic profile of cultured SCs, stimulating lactate production. Since lactate is used as metabolic substrate and has an anti-apoptotic effect in the developing germ cells, the supplementation with WTEA extract may be advantageous to improve male reproductive health. 相似文献984.
Francesc Vallribera Valls Borja Villanueva FigueredoLuis Miguel Jiménez Gómez Eloi Espín BassanyJosé Luis Sánchez Martinez Marc Martí GallostraManuel Armengol Carrasco 《Cirugía espa?ola》2014
Introduction
The objective of this study is to assess whether the results of loop ileostomy closure in terms of morbidity and hospital stay are influenced by the type of anastomosis and suture used.Method
All patients who underwent loop ileostomy closure were reviewed. A retrospective cohort study comparing morbidity and hospital stay according to the type of anastomosis (TT/LL) and the type of suture (hand sewn/mechanical) was performed.Results
From January 2003 to November 2011 a total of 167 loop ileostomy closures were analized. The groups were: type of anastomosis (TT 95/LL 72) and type of suture (manual 105/stapled 62). In 76% of the observed population the underlying disease was cancer. Mortality occurred in one case. The stratified morbidity analysis by type of complications showed no significant differences between the groups in terms of local (7.4% TT, LL 8.3%, 6.7% hand sewn, stapled 9.7%), general (TT 9.5%, 16.7% LL, hand sewn 6.7%, 6.5% stapled) and surgical (TT 15.8%, 19.4% LL, hand sewn 17.1%, 17.7% stapled) complications, nor in the rate of reoperations (TT 6.3%, 6.9% LL, hand sewn 6.7%, 6.5% stapled) and hospital stay in days (TT 7.8, 8 LL, hand sewn 8.6, stapled 6.7)Conclusions
Closure of loop ileostomy can be performed regardless of the type of suture or anastomosis used, with the same rate of morbidity and hospital stay. 相似文献985.
986.
Florian Friedmacher Naho Fujiwara Alejandro D. Hofmann Hiromizu Takahashi Luis A.J. Alvarez Jan-Hendrik Gosemann Prem Puri 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2014
Background/purpose
Prenatal administration of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been shown to stimulate alveolarization in nitrofen-induced pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Lipid-containing interstitial lipofibroblasts (LIFs), characterized by adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADRP), play a critical role in alveolar development by coordinating lipid homeostasis. Previous studies have demonstrated that ATRA positively affects LIF expression in developing lungs. We hypothesized that pulmonary LIF expression is increased after prenatal ATRA treatment in the nitrofen model of CDH-associated PH.Methods
Timed-pregnant rats were treated with nitrofen or vehicle on E9.5, followed by injection of ATRA or placebo on E18.5, E19.5, and E20.5. Fetal lungs were dissected on E21.5 and divided into Control + Placebo, Control + ATRA, Nitrofen + Placebo, and Nitrofen + ATRA. Pulmonary gene expression levels of ADRP were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and LIF expression was investigated by ADRP immunohistochemistry, oil-red-O-, and immunofluorescence-double-staining.Results
Relative mRNA expression of pulmonary ADRP was significantly increased in Nitrofen + ATRA compared to Nitrofen + Placebo (0.31 ± 0.02 vs. 0.08 ± 0.01; P < 0.0001). ADRP immunoreactivity and oil-red-O-staining were markedly increased in alveolar interstitium of Nitrofen + ATRA compared to Nitrofen + Placebo. Immunofluorescence-double-staining confirmed markedly increased LIF expression in alveolar walls of Nitrofen + ATRA compared to Nitrofen + Placebo.Conclusions
Increased LIF expression after prenatal treatment with ATRA in nitrofen-induced PH suggests that ATRA may have a therapeutic potential in attenuating CDH-associated PH by stimulating alveolar development. 相似文献987.
988.
Giovanni Liguori Nicola Pavan Gianluca d'Aloia Stefano Bucci Bernardino de Concilio Giorgio Mazzon Giangiacomo Ollandini Carlo Trombetta 《Asian journal of andrology》2014,16(4):650-651
Dear Editor, Testicular trauma is a frequent acquired cause o fin fertility; being accidents, work injuries and sport activities that are the most common causes of testicular traumas.1'2 Strangely, the issue of management of serious testicular trauma and fertility preservation has not been studied extensively before, existing only sporadic reports in international literature. Besides, no guidelines exist on fertility preservation in cases of important scrotal trauma when injury may result in irreparable damage to all testicular tissue (torsion of a solitary testis, bilateral synchronous testicular torsion, 相似文献
989.
990.
<正>The worldwide prevalence of spinal cord injury(SCI)ranges from 233 to 755 per million inhabitants,whereas the reported incidence lies between 10.4 and 83 per million inhabitants annually(Wyndaele and Wyndaele,2006).Thus,the socioeconomic impact of SCI associated with cervical trauma is high enough that it could become an important concern in the vast majority of developed countries. 相似文献