Astragalosides IV inhibits high glucose-induced cell apoptosis through HGF activation in cultured human tubular epithelial cells

Astragaloside IV (ASI) in Radix Astragali is believed to be the active component. The study aims to investigate whether ASI inhibits tubular epithelial cells apoptosis induced by high glucose and its mechanisms. Tubular epithelial cells in this paper were isolated from human kidney. The cells apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and caspase 3 assay. The protein levels of HGF and TGF-β1 were measured by ELISA. The phospho-p38 production, ERK and JNK were determined by Western blot. ASI could inhibit cells apoptosis induced by high glucose (25?mmol/L) in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. ASI also inhibited high glucose-induced expression of TGF-β1 and activation of p38 MAPK pathway at the protein level. Furthermore, ASI increased HGF production in human tubular epithelial cells. The ASI inhibition of tubular epithelial cells apoptosis and reduction of TGF-β1 expression induced by high glucose may represent a new treatment for diabetic kidney injury. The mechanism underlying this inhibitory effect may be related to the inhibition of p38 MAPK signaling pathway activation and HGF overproduction.     

Auricular plaster therapy to relieve poststroke fatigue

目的 探讨耳穴贴压疗法对缓解脑卒中后患者疲劳的作用.方法 将66例脑卒中后疲劳患者随机分为对照组与观察组各33例.对照组实施常规治疗与健康教育;观察组在此基础上,取神门、皮质下、交感、缘中、心、肝、脾、肾耳穴贴压进行干预,2个疗程后评价效果.结果 观察组在干预后表现体力及疲劳总分显著低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 通过运用耳穴贴压疗法对脑卒中后疲劳患者进行干预,可以有效地缓解患者的疲劳水平,提高患者的生活质量.     

Is Tamoxifen Alone Adequate Therapy in Very Young Chinese Women with Operable Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer occurs earlier in Chinese women than in Caucasian women. We have compared the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis in very young and older premenopausal women with breast cancer in south China. We separated 905 consecutive premenopausal patients with first diagnosis of breast cancer, surgically treated at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from October 2003 to December 2006, into a very young group (189 [13.7%]; <35 years old) and an older group (716 [52.0%]; 35-57 years old). Approximately, 90% of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy with tamoxifen for hormone-receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. We retrospectively compared the clinicopathologic factors and survival rates of these two groups. The 3-year disease-free survival rate (78.0% versus 89.1%, p < 0.001) was poorer in the very young group, and 3-year overall survival rate (94.3% versus. 96.8%, p = 0.10) was similar. Moreover, the 3-year overall survival rate (p = 0.020) and disease-free survival rate (p < 0.001) were significantly poorer in HR-positive patients in the very young group whereas there was no significant difference in outcomes between the HR-negative groups. In China, age younger than 35 years is an independent predictor of breast cancer recurrence. In very young women with HR-positive breast cancer, chemotherapy plus tamoxifen alone may not be adequate standard treatment.     

失效模式与效应分析在床边监护仪报警管理的应用

目的降低床边监护仪使用过程中的潜在风险,提高护理质量,确保患者安全。方法对5个监护病区60张床位的床边监护仪报警管理,运用失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)对使用流程进行分析,查找每个环节中可能存在的风险,针对操作流程、规范培训、质量监管等关键环节实施改进措施。结果实施FMEA管理后,床边监护仪报警管理质量检查结果、护士监护仪使用相关知识掌握评分与实施前比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.01)。结论对床边监护仪报警运用FMEA管理,能降低床边监护仪不报警的风险,保障患者安全。     

计算机辅助下颌骨截骨的三维显微结构模型建立

目的 探索计算机重建下颌骨三维显微结构模型及下颌角截骨手术的三维仿真操作方法 ,以减少手术操作中的组织损伤. 方法 利用螺旋CTA数据重建包含血管神经束的下颌骨三维模型并进行测量分析,使用Freeform雕刻刀及其布尔运算的切割方法 对模型进行保护血管的手术模拟.结果 利用计算机辅助技术可以精确的重建包含下牙槽动脉的下颌骨三维模型:血管从下颌孔进入下颌支.依照下颌支外缘弧度走行,下颌孔距下颌支前缘距离为(19.13±0.66)mm,孔距下颌支后缘距离为(18.96±0.64)mm,下颌角的角度为(109.70±4.67)°,下颌支的安全截骨范围和角度是平行下颌支外缘(12.62±0.28)mm宽、与下颌底成角(22.30±4.67)°;根据模型与数据,Fredorm可以模拟安全的下颌角截骨的手术操作. 结论 下颌骨显微结构的三维模型重建和测量分析技术,是增加手术安全性的一条新途径.     

TGF-β/Smad3 signaling promotes renal fibrosis by inhibiting miR-29

TGF-β/Smad3 signaling promotes fibrosis, but the development of therapeutic interventions involving this pathway will require the identification and ultimate targeting of downstream fibrosis-specific genes. In this study, using a microRNA microarray and real-time PCR, wild-type mice had reduced expression of miR-29 along with the development of progressive renal fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. In contrast, Smad3 knockout mice had increased expression of miR-29 along with the absence of renal fibrosis in the same model of obstruction. In cultured fibroblasts and tubular epithelial cells, Smad3 mediated TGF-β(1)-induced downregulation of miR-29 by binding to the promoter of miR-29. Furthermore, miR-29 acted as a downstream inhibitor and therapeutic microRNA for TGF-β/Smad3-mediated fibrosis. In vitro, overexpression of miR-29b inhibited, but knockdown of miR-29 enhanced, TGF-β(1)-induced expression of collagens I and III by renal tubular cells. Ultrasound-mediated gene delivery of miR-29b either before or after established obstructive nephropathy blocked progressive renal fibrosis. In conclusion, miR-29 is a downstream inhibitor of TGF-β/Smad3-mediated fibrosis and may have therapeutic potential for diseases involving fibrosis.     

地塞米松对内毒素性急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织MKP-1表达的影响

目的 评价地塞米松对内毒素性急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶-1(MKP-1)表达的影响.方法 成年雄性SD大鼠54只,体重180～ 230 g,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为3组:对照组(C组,n=6)、急性肺损伤组(ALI组,n=24)和地塞米松组(D组,n=24).ALI组和D组尾静脉注射LPS 5 mg/kg制备大鼠急性肺损伤模型,C组给予等容量生理盐水,D组于注射LPS前30 min时腹腔注射地塞米松6 mg/kg.C组于注射生理盐水后1 h(T1)时,ALl组和D组分别于注射LPS后1、3和6 h(T1-3)时,随机处死8只大鼠,取肺组织,检测MKP-1和磷酸化p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶MAKP(p-p38MAPK)的表达.T3时回收支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF),测定蛋白和TNF-α的浓度;观察肺组织病理学结果.另取32只SD大鼠,体重180～ 230 g,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为2组(n=16):急性肺损伤组(ALI1组)和地塞米松组(D1组),处理方法同上.观察48 h内大鼠生存情况.结果 与C组比较,ALI组BALF中蛋白和TNF-α的浓度升高,T1-3时p-p38MAKP表达上调,T2.3时MKP-1表达下调,D组BALF中TNF-α浓度升高,T1-3时p-p38MAKP和MKP-1表达上调(P＜0.05);与ALI组比较,D组BALF中蛋白和TNF-α的浓度下降,T1-3时p-p38MAKP表达下调,MKP-1表达上调(P＜0.05),病理学损伤减轻.D1组大鼠生存率高于ALI1组(P＜0.05).结论 地塞米松减轻大鼠内毒素性急性肺损伤的机制与上调肺组织MKP-1的表达,抑制p38MAPK的磷酸化,降低炎性反应有关.     

RhoA/SRF信号通路介导Nelin诱导人血管平滑肌细胞表型转化

目的 探讨Nelin基因对人血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cell,VSMC)表型转化的调控机制.方法 应用过表达慢病毒载体[Nelin-VSMC]及干扰慢病毒载体[LV-Nelin-SiRNA-VSMC]制备稳定转染的VSMC细胞模型,通过荧光定量PCR以及蛋白质印迹分析(Western blotanalysis,WB)等技术手段,观察Nelin蛋白过表达及表达抑制对人VSMC表型转化的影响及其调控机制.结果 Nelin-VSMC组细胞呈收缩表型,细胞细长,成“谷-峰”样生长,Nelin mRNA、Nelin蛋白和平滑肌分化标志蛋白平滑肌α-肌动蛋白(SMoα-actin)表达显著增加,同时SMα-actin相关调控因子-血清反应因子(SRF)入核转位,RhoA总蛋白表达上调,经Rho激酶特异性抑制剂Y-27632作用后,SRF在细胞核中表达显著减少,同时SMα-actin表达下调;LV-Nelin-SiRNA-VSMC组细胞呈合成表型,细胞体积变大,细胞极性消失,生长状态无序,Nelin mRNA、Nelin蛋白和SMα-actin蛋白表达显著降低,同时伴有SRF出核转位及RhoA总蛋白表达下调.结论 在体外培养的人VSMC中,Nelin依次激活SMα-actin蛋白相关调控因子RhoA和SRF引起SMα-actin表达增加,促进VSMC向收缩表型转换.     

5''''-核苷酸酶与冠状动脉病变的相关性研究

目的探讨5’-核苷酸酶与冠心病发病之间的关系。方法将177例行冠状动脉造影者分为冠心病组和正常对照组，检测其血清5’-核苷酸酶浓度，分析血5’-核苷酸酶和冠心病两因素之间的相关性及5’-核苷酸酶与冠状动脉病变积分之间的相关性。结果与对照组相比，冠心病组血清5’-核苷酸酶减低（p〈0．05），血清5’-核苷酸酶和冠心病及冠脉病变积分呈负相关。结论血清5’-核苷酸酶可能在冠心病的发病中起到一定的保护作用。