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排序方式: 共有431条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
J Schwenk R Ferszt G Gosztonyi P Lowes G Niedobitek T Fischer D Sommer J Cervos-Navarro 《Zentralblatt für allgemeine Pathologie und pathologische Anatomie》1987,133(1):29-48
The neuropathological findings in 13 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and with AIDS related complex (ARC) are reported. Six patients presented with neurological symptoms, whereas autopsy revealed CNS involvement in nine cases. Four patients showed neither neurological nor neuropathological abnormalities. The most frequent neuropathological diagnoses were toxoplasma encephalitis (4 cases) and multiple or solitary cerebral necroses (3 cases). Long tract degeneration of the spinal cord was found in 2 cases. Cytomegalovirus infection, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, primary lymphoma of the CNS, infiltration of the leptomeninges by plasmocytoma cells and a solitary metastasis of a bronchial carcinoma were diagnosed in one case each. Subacute leukoencephalitis, mentioned frequently in the literature, was not present in this material. In one case, however, status spongiosus and gliosis was found in the cortex and basal ganglia. As similar spongy changes can be seen in mice infected experimentally with retroviruses, a pathogenetic role of the human T-cell lymphotropic/leukaemia virus type III (HTLV-III) cannot be ruled out. Astrogliosis and hypertrophy of astrocytes were found in nine cases. Morphometrically, the number of astrocytes was significantly higher in AIDS patients than in control cases which were selected randomly on grounds of comparable age. Whether this finding bears some relationship with HTLV-III encephalopathy remains open to further investigation. Glial nodules were found in four cases; according to silver impregnation they were composed of microglial elements. 相似文献
122.
Neuer A; Lam KN; Tiller FW; Kiesel L; Witkin SS 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(5):925-929
Recent evidence suggests that Chlamydia trachomatis can persist in the
female upper genital tract in an unculturable state. Since unsuspected C.
trachomatis infection has been associated with adverse in-vitro
fertilization (IVF) outcome we sought to detect further evidence of C.
trachomatis in the genital tracts of women undergoing IVF. The prevalence
and distribution of antibodies to the major structural proteins of C.
trachomatis in paired follicular fluid and sera of women undergoing IVF
were examined. Sera and follicular fluid samples from 149 women were
assayed for immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA antibodies to two C. trachomatis
antigens, the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) and a recombinant
lipopolysaccharide (rLPS) fragment. Additionally, the expression of human
60 kDa heat shock protein (hsp 60) in follicular fluid was determined. All
cervical and follicular fluid samples were negative for C. trachomatis by
polymerase chain reaction, ligase chain reaction and DNA probe. Sera from
60% of the subjects were positive for antichlamydial rLPS IgG; 36% were
positive for anti-MOMP IgG. Similarly, rLPS-directed and MOMP-directed IgA
were detected in sera of 34 and 14% of the subjects respectively. IgG
antibodies to MOMP and rLPS were detected in 42 and 41% of the follicular
fluid examined respectively. Anti-MOMP IgA was identified in 8.7% of the
follicular fluid while 27.5% were positive for anti-rLPS IgA. Human hsp 60
expression was documented in 11.6% of the follicular fluid tested. IgA
antibodies to both MOMP (P = 0.03) and rLPS (P = 0.02) in follicular fluid
were associated with a failure to become pregnant after embryo transfer.
IgG antibodies in sera and follicular fluid and IgA antibodies in sera were
unrelated to IVF outcome. Similarly only anti- MOMP IgA (P = 0.02) and
anti-rLPS IgA (P = 0.04) in follicular fluid were correlated with human hsp
60 expression in follicular fluid. The unique association between IgA
antibodies to two chlamydial antigens in follicular fluid and both hsp 60
expression and IVF failure provides further support for the possibility
that a persistent upper genital tract chlamydial infection contributes to
IVF failure in some women.
相似文献
123.
Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic childhood disorders, occurring with increasing frequency. Diabetes management involves the child and family learning how to inject insulin and monitor blood glucose, and adhere to a diet containing healthy food choices. Medical interventions necessary to stabilise newly diagnosed diabetes depend upon the clinical condition of the child at presentation. Hospital admission is necessary if intravenous therapy is required to correct dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and ketoacidosis, with progression to oral fluids and subcutaneous insulin administration as the child's condition improves. If the child is mildly to moderately symptomatic and clinically well, subcutaneous insulin and oral diet and fluids may be begun from the time of diagnosis, and stabilisation at diagnosis does not necessarily require hospital admission. This article reviews the evidence concerning hospital or home based treatment at diagnosis for children with type 1 diabetes. The Cardiff approach to home management is briefly described, and the benefits and disadvantages of different approaches to initial management are discussed. 相似文献
124.
125.
医学是一门关乎概率的学问--关于钙通道受体阻断剂是否会引起中风,关于宫颈涂片检查是否会检出异常细胞,关于肉毒毒素注射(一种美容小手术,据说可以去除脸部的皱纹--译者注)是否会引起吞咽困难的概率. 相似文献
126.
127.
Lowes BD Shakar SF Metra M Feldman AM Eichhorn E Freytag JW Gerber MJ Liard JF Hartman C Gorczynski R Evans G Linseman JV Stewart J Robertson AD Roecker EB Demets DL Bristow MR 《Journal of cardiac failure》2005,11(9):53-669
BACKGROUND: Chronic heart failure is a disease syndrome characterized in its advanced stages by a poor quality of life, frequent hospitalizations, and a high risk of mortality. In advanced and ultra-advanced chronic heart failure, many treatment options, such as cardiac transplantation and mechanical devices, are severely limited by availability and cost. Short-term Phase II clinical trials suggest that low-dose oral inotropic therapy with enoximone may improve hemodynamics and exercise capacity, without adversely affecting mortality, in selected subjects with advanced chronic heart failure. Based on these data, the ability of enoximone to deliver safe and efficacious palliative treatment of advanced/ultra-advanced chronic heart failure is being evaluated in Phase III clinical trials. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Enoximone Clinical Trials Program is a series of 4 clinical trials designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral enoximone in advanced chronic heart failure. ESSENTIAL I and II (The Studies of Oral Enoximone Therapy in Advanced Heart Failure) will investigate the effects of oral enoximone on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular hospitalization, submaximal exercise capacity, and quality of life in subjects with New York Heart Association Class III/IV chronic heart failure. EMOTE (Oral Enoximone in Intravenous Inotrope-Dependent Subjects) will evaluate the potential of oral enoximone to wean subjects with ultra-advanced chronic heart failure from chronic intravenous inotropic therapy to which they have been shown to be dependent. EMPOWER (Enoximone Plus Extended-Release Metoprolol Succinate in Subjects with Advanced Chronic Heart Failure) will explore the potential of enoximone to increase the tolerability of continuous release metoprolol in subjects shown previously to be hemodynamically intolerant to beta-blocker treatment. CONCLUSION: These studies are Phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials designed to test the general hypothesis that chronic oral administration of low doses of enoximone can produce beneficial effects in subjects with advanced or ultra-advanced chronic heart failure. 相似文献
128.
Lowes LP Westcott SL Palisano RJ Effgen SK Orlin MN 《Physical & occupational therapy in pediatrics》2004,24(1-2):57-77
Children with cerebral palsy frequently receive therapeutic intervention to remediate standing balance deficits. Evaluation of the impairments associated with poor balance could facilitate more effective treatment programs. This study evaluated the relationship between lower extremity force production, range of motion and standing balance in thirty-five children between the ages of 6 and 14 years of age with spastic cerebral palsy. Standing balance was evaluated using the Pediatric Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction (P-CTSIB). Hand-held dynamometry was used to assess force production and goniometry was used to assess range of motion. The results indicated that force production and range of motion are highly related to standing balance. Blocked, hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that force production explained 41% of the variance in P-CTSIB scores in this sample, while range of motion explained an additional 13%. Therefore, the total variance explained by these variables was 54%. Results of this study suggest that impairment level testing may allow the development of more effective individualized intervention programs to remediate balance deficits. Clinical suggestions are provided. 相似文献
129.
Upregulation of lymphotoxin beta expression in liver progenitor (oval) cells in chronic hepatitis C 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
BACKGROUND: Bipotent liver progenitor (oval) cells with the ability to differentiate into hepatocytes and biliary epithelium have recently been identified in human subjects with hepatitis C. Animal studies suggest that members of the tumour necrosis factor family, including lymphotoxin beta (LT-beta), regulate oval cell proliferation in liver disease, but its role in human liver disease is unclear. AIMS: This study seeks to establish a role for LT-beta in hepatitis C related liver injury and to provide evidence that its increased expression is related to the presence of oval cells. METHODS: Liver biopsy specimens were obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (n=20). Control liver samples (n=5) were obtained from liver resection or transplant surgery. LT-beta expression in liver biopsy specimens was studied using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: LT-beta mRNA levels were similar in control and HCV liver in the absence of fibrosis. In subjects with portal fibrosis, LT-beta mRNA levels were elevated 2.2-fold over control liver levels (p=0.04). In subjects with bridging fibrosis, LT-beta mRNA levels increased 4.4-fold over control liver levels (p=0.02). LT-beta mRNA levels in subjects with established cirrhosis were increased 3.3-fold compared with controls and 2.6-fold compared with mild liver damage (p=0.02). Immunohistochemical analysis established that LT-beta was expressed by oval cells, inflammatory cells, and small portal hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS: In chronic HCV infection, LT-beta expression is observed in multiple hepatic cell types, including oval cells. LT-beta expression is significantly increased when fibrosis or cirrhosis is present, suggesting a role for LT-beta in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C and a possible role in oval cell mediated liver regeneration. 相似文献
130.
Walach H Lowes T Mussbach D Schamell U Springer W Stritzl G Haag G 《Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache》2000,20(9):835-837
Little is known about the long-term effects of homeopathic treatment. Following a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of classical homeopathy in chronic headaches, we conducted a complete follow-up study of all trial participants. All patients enrolled in the double-blind study were sent a 6-week headache diary, a follow-up questionnaire. Eighty-seven of the original 98 patients enrolled returned questionnaires, 81 returned diaries. There was no additional change from the end of the trial to the 1-year follow up. The improvement seen at the end of the 12-week trial was stable after 1 year. No differential effects according to treatment after the trial could be seen. Patients with no treatment following the trial had the most improvement after 1 year. Approximately 30% of patients in homeopathic treatment will benefit after 1 year of treatment. There is no indication of a specific, or of a delayed effect of homeopathy. 相似文献