全胰切除术21例疗效评价

目的对全胰切除术的疗效进行评价。方法对2003年4月至2006年6月21例接受全胰切除术的患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果21例行全胰切除术的患者中1例联合横结肠切除,1例联合全胃切除,9例行门静脉．肠系膜上静脉部分切除端端吻合术,9例行门静脉-肠系膜上静脉部分切除人造血管间置术,其中联合腹腔干切除8例,联合腹腔干、肝固有动脉切除4例,联合腹腔干、肝总动脉切除和肠系膜上动脉部分切除端端重建1例。12例（57．1％）发生术后并发症;5例（23．8％）术后30d内死亡。术后每日胰岛素用量18～28U,均能较好地控制血糖。生活质量较术前有明显提高。16例获得随访,中位生存期为9．2个月（1．2～13．0个月）,其中胰腺导管癌中位生存期为7个月（1．2～9．0个月）,侵袭性导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤中位生存期为11．3个月（10．0～13．0个月）。结论全胰切除术不提高生存期,而并发症和手术死亡率增加,但可改善生活质量,可作为胰管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的手术选择,对胰腺导管腺癌则必须考虑手术的必要性。全胰切除术后糖尿病是可控的。     

Surgical treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip presenting in children above 10 years

Background  

Management of developmental dysplasia of the hip in older children remains controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in children older than 10 years.     

螺旋CT胆系成像的临床应用

目的：探讨螺旋ＣＴ胆系成像（ＳＣＴＣ）技术,并对其临床应用价值做一评估。方法：采用５０％ 胆影葡胺２０～４０ ｍ ｌ静脉缓注。３３ 例延时３０～６０ ｍ ｉｎ,１６例延时９０ ｍｉｎ 后行螺旋ＣＴ容积扫描,将图像数据传至工作站作三维、四维及ＭＰＲ成像。结果：我们用此法检查了４９ 例病人,其中２５例为胆囊结石,９例胆总管结石,胆囊术后胆总管狭窄２例,５例为胆管癌,正常者８ 例。结论：螺旋ＣＴ胆系成像是有效的无创伤性胆系成像技术,弥补了常规ＣＴ及螺旋ＣＴ平扫在胆系疾病诊断中的不足。     

带蒂皮瓣移位联合外固定支架治疗小腿开放性骨折伴软组织缺损

目的总结带蒂皮瓣移位联合外固定支架治疗小腿开放性骨折伴软组织缺损的临床效果。方法2004年5月-2007年6月，收治小腿开放性骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损患者12例。男9例，女3例；年龄18～75岁。车祸伤8例，压砸伤2例，坠落伤、机器伤各1例。根据Gustilo分型：Ⅱ型2例,ⅢA型5例，ⅢB型5例。骨折位于胫骨上段2例，中段3例，中下段7例。软组织缺损范围5cm×3cm～22cm×10cm，骨外露范围3cm×2cm～6cm×3cm。病程1～12h。入院后以外固定支架或联合克氏针有限内固定重建骨稳定性，采用同侧小腿局部旋转皮（肌）瓣、腓肠神经营养皮（肌）瓣、隐神经营养皮瓣修复创面。皮（肌）瓣切取范围5cm×4cm～18cm×12cm。供区创面采用游离植皮或直接缝合。结果术后2例皮瓣创缘部分感染，1例皮瓣远端部分坏死，经换药处理后创缘Ⅱ期愈合；余患者皮瓣均成活，切口Ⅰ期愈合。供区植皮成活，切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后患者均获随访，随访时间6个月～2年。皮瓣外形满意，质地优良，无明显臃肿。8例出现外固定支架针道感染，外固定取出后痊愈。1例胫骨中下段粉碎性骨折不愈合，2例胫骨中下段骨折延迟愈合，余患者骨折于术后3～4个月愈合。3例超踝关节外固定患者踝关节活动稍差，踝关节背伸0～10^o，跖屈10～30^o，余患者踝关节背伸10～20^o，跖屈30～50^o。结论带蒂皮瓣移位联合外固定支架治疗小腿开放性骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损是一种安全有效的方法。     

儿童椎间盘钙化症的诊治

目的：提高儿童椎间盘钙化症的诊断及治疗水平。方法：对32例椎间盘钙化症患儿的临床症状,影像学特征进行分析。32例均住院枕颌带牵引治疗。结果：24例牵引治疗7－10例后症状完全消失,6例合并环枢关节半脱位者牵引治疗10－14天后症状完全消失。X线片显示环枢关节已复位;2例有神经受压症状者牵引治疗后症状完全消失。结论：儿童椎间盘钙化症属自限性疾病,预后良好,根据其临床表现和影像学特征,诊断并不困难,枕颌带牵引治疗效果好,即使存在神经压迫症状,仍可获得满意疗效。     

Treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head with hBMP-2-gene-modified tissue-engineered bone in goats

The efficacy of beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)-gene-modified bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was evaluated for the repair of experimentally-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in goats. Bilateral early-stage osteonecrosis was induced in adult goats three weeks after ligation of the lateral and medial circumflex arteries and delivery of liquid nitrogen into the femoral head. After core decompression, porous beta-TCP loaded with BMP-2 gene- or beta-galactosidase (gal)-gene-transduced BMSCs was implanted into the left and right femoral heads, respectively. At 16 weeks after implantation, there was collapse of the femoral head in the untreated group but not in the BMP-2 or beta-gal groups. The femoral heads in the BMP-2 group had a normal density and surface, while those in the beta-gal group presented with a low density and an irregular surface. Histologically, new bone and fibrous tissue were formed in the macropores of the beta-TCP. Sixteen weeks after implantation, lamellar bone had formed in the BMP-2 group, but there were some empty cavities and residual fibrous tissue in the beta-gal group. The new bone volume in the BMP-2 group was significantly higher than that in the beta-gal group. The maximum compressive strength and Young's modulus of the repaired tissue in the BMP-2 group were similar to those of normal bone and significantly higher than those in the beta-gal group. Our findings indicate that porous beta-TCP loaded with BMP-2-gene-transduced BMSCs are capable of repairing early-stage, experimentally-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head and of restoring its mechanical function.     

丙氨酸转氨酶正常且HBVDNA阴性代偿期肝硬化患者的肝组织病理特征及病毒载量分布

丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）正常、实时PCR检测HBVDNA载量低于1000拷贝／mL的代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者临床上相对少见。对于这些患者是否需要抗病毒治疗,目前存在很多争议。本研究通过对这些患者进行肝脏病理组织学、Cobas HBV DNA定量基线检查,了解其肝脏炎症、纤维化和病毒载量分布情况,为进一步治疗提供依据。     

Mental stress experienced by first-year residents and expert surgeons with robotic and laparoscopic surgery interfaces

Prior research has indicated that novices experienced a beneficial stress profile in the robotic surgery (da Vinci) training environment when compared to the laparoscopic surgery training environment. The objective of this study was to assess whether this finding generalizes to expert surgeons. Towards that end, first-year residents’ and attending surgeons’ performances and subjective stress experiences were assessed in a surgical training task that was performed with the da Vinci and laparoscopic surgery interfaces. This study indicated that both groups exhibited superior performance and lower stress with the da Vinci surgical system than the laparoscopic system. The results provide further support for the sensitivity of the Dundee Stress State Questionnaire in identifying different stress responses experienced by trainees and experts in the minimally invasive surgery environment.     

Relationship between insulin resistance and increased carotid artery intima-media thickness in non-diabetic kidney disease patients

Objective To evaluate the relationship of insulin resistance (IR) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CA-IMT), plaque status in non-diabetic non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with different stages. Methods One hundred and seventeen non-diabetes non-dialysis CKD patients were enrolled into this cross-sectional observational study. Insulin resistance index (HOME-IR) was assessed by the homeostasis model assessment. Patients with HOME-IR≥1.73 were defined as insulin resistance. And patients with CA-IMT≥0.9 mm were defined as thickening. The blood pressure measurement, heart Doppler ultrasound, bilateral carotid artery ultrasound examination, blood biochemistry and urine protein test were performed, eGFR was calculated by EPI formula. Results The prevalence of IR was 47.01% in 117 non-diabetic non-dialysis CKD patients, and it was 35.71%, 50.00% and 54.55% in eGFR≥60ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 group, 30≤eGFR＜60ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 group, and eGFR＜30ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 group separately. In eGFR＜30ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 group, cystain C, homocysteine, parathyroid hormone, Scr, BUN, uric acid, interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular dimension, left ventricular posterior wall thickness were significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P＜0.01), while the level of hemoglobin was significantly lower (P＜0.01); then the levels of serum albumin and systolic pressure were higher than that in the eGFR≥60ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 group, however, the levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were lower than that in the eGFR≥60ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 group. Correlation analysis showed that insulin resistance index was significantly correlated with CA-IMT (r=0.444, P=0.006）in the eGFR＜30ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 group, however, there wasn’t correlation in other two groups. And although insulin resistance wasn’t correlated with soft plaque, it was significantly correlated with hard plaque (χ2=6.476, P=0.011) in the eGFR＜30ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 group. The Logistic regression analysis results displayed aging increase was the independent risk factor of the CA-IMT thickening for non-diabetes non-dialysis CKD patients but not insulin resistance. Conclusions HOMA-IR is correlated with CA-IMT and hard plaque when eGFR＜30ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1 in non-diabetes non-dialysis CKD patients. However, the insulin resistance isn’t the independent risk factor of the CA-IMT thickening for non-diabetes non-dialysis CKD patients.