哈萨克族牧民慢性闭角型青光眼前房角组织病理研究及临床意义

目的:观察研究新疆哈萨克族慢性闭角型青光眼患者前房角组织的病理改变及临床意义。方法:对手术切除的小梁和虹膜组织常规脱水石蜡包埋,作矢状连续切片,苏木素-伊红染色,光镜下观察。结果:镜下见小梁网眼变窄或消失,内皮细胞减少,小梁网中有色素沉积,部分小梁网完全被色素斑块遮盖,看不清小梁结构,部分可见小梁虹膜并置,小梁纤维化伴玻璃样变性。Schlemm腔内壁内皮细胞不同程度增生,致管腔呈不规则狭窄甚至管腔闭塞,部分管腔内可见色素沉积。虹膜变薄,基质疏松,有的虹膜间质血管壁增厚并呈玻璃样变,部分可见虹膜间质薄壁血管形成。结论:慢性闭角型青光眼前房角组织的病理损伤是一个渐进的过程,早期诊断,早期治疗,既可以有效地防止视功能的损害,又能有效地预防因高眼压而造成的前房角组织的损害。     

A technique for periorbital syringomas: intralesional radiofrequency ablation

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of intralesional radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of periorbital syringomas. METHODS: We tried the intralesional radiofrequency ablation for 64 patients with periorbital syringomas from 2007 to 2011. The operation was performed under 2.5 loupe magnifications. The handpiece was assembled with a needle electrode and connected to the radiofrequency ablation apparatus. The electrode was then inserted into the target lesions in dermis and delivering injury to the base of these tumors. Results were assessed clinically by comparing pre- and post-treatment photographs and patient satisfaction rates. RESULTS: Clinical improvement increased with each subsequent treatment session. The percent of patients whose clinic improvement grade were≥3 after each session was respectively 71.9%(Session1), 83.3%(Session2), and 100%(Session3). The statistical results indicated the concordance of the clinical assessment and the satisfaction level of patients (kappa=0.78 of the session1; kappa=0.82 of the session2). The majority of patients had good or excellent cosmetic results. Postoperatively, there were no permanent side effects or recurrences. CONCLUSION: As a new technique of minimally invasion, the intralesional radiofrequency ablation was found to be an effective, inexpensive, highly precise and safe way of treating periorbital syringomas.     

Photodynamic Therapy in Macular Diseases of Asian Populations: When East Meets West

Purpose

We reviewed the indications, safety, and efficacy of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin in various macular diseases and vasculopathies, which are common in Asian populations, and compared the outcomes of photodynamic therapy in Asian patients with the outcomes in Caucasian patients.

Methods

Relevant clinical and laboratory original articles, case reports, and review articles that have been published in the literature between January 1999 and October 2004 were searched in Medline. The potential differences in the response to photodynamic therapy between Asian and Caucasian patients were evaluated. Articles in foreign languages with English abstracts were included.

Results

Macular diseases commonly seen in Asian populations, including choroidal neovascularization (CNV) of age-related macular degeneration, secondary to pathologic myopia or from an idiopathic cause, and choroidal vasculopathies such as central serous chorioretinopathy and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy were included in the review. The results were tabulated and the differences with Caucasian populations were compared and highlighted.

Conclusion

Photodynamic therapy has been found to be an effective and noninvasive treatment for various subfoveal CNV and choroidal vasculopathies of the macula. Diverse behavior in different ethnic groups is observed. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2006;50:161–169 © Japanese Ophthalmological Society 2006     

白藜芦醇对紫外线诱导人晶状体上皮细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨白藜芦醇对紫外线诱导人晶状体上皮细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。方法:人晶状体上皮细胞系传代培养,紫外线诱导细胞发生凋亡,20μmol/L白藜芦醇预处理细胞后,观察各项指标改变:流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,比色法检测凋亡相关因子caspase-3及caspase-9的表达,透射电镜观察超微结构变化。结果:流式细胞仪检测发现,白藜芦醇可以抑制紫外线照射诱导的细胞凋亡,阳性对照组中caspase-3及caspase-9含量显著高于同时段阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组中caspase-3及caspase-9含量均低于同时段阳性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,伴随白藜芦醇作用时间的延长,透射电镜下人晶状体上皮细胞损伤的程度减轻。结论:白藜芦醇可以抑制紫外线诱导的晶状体上皮细胞的凋亡,对辐射性白内障具有预防作用,从而为寻求有效的防治白内障药物提供可靠的实验依据。     

多焦点人工晶状体的临床应用研究

目的　探讨多焦点人工晶状体 (MIOL)在白内障治疗中的作用。方法　在小切口超声乳化白内障吸除术中 ,30例 (36只眼 )白内障患者植入MIOL(试验组 ) ,32例 (40只眼 )白内障患者植入单焦点人工晶状体 (SIOL) (对照组 )。观察患者的术后视力、焦距深度、角膜散光度数、对比敏感度和眩光敏感度、手术并发症及视觉不良症状 ,随访时间 6 0～ 18 0个月。结果　术后 6个月裸眼近视力≥ 0 5者试验组占 80 6 % (2 9/36 ) ,对照组占 2 5 0 % (10 /4 0 ) ,两组比较差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;矫正近视力和远视力、裸眼远视力两组比较 ,差异均无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。在 1 0 0～ - 1 0 0D调节范围内 ,视力≥ 0 5者试验组占 97 2 % (35 /36 ) ,对照组占 97 5 % (39/4 0 ) ,差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;在 - 1 5 0D和 - 2 5 0～ - 3 5 0D调节范围内 ,视力≥ 0 5者试验组 [97 2 % (35 /36 )、88 9% (32 /36 ) ]明显多于对照组 [0 0 % (0 /4 0 )、0 0 % (0 /4 0 ) ](P <0 0 5 )。在视力≥ 0 5的术眼中 ,焦距深度试验组为4 5 0D ,对照组为 2 0 0D。术后 1周、1个月、3个月、6个月两组角膜散光度数与术前比较 ,差异均无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。低频段对比敏感度和眩光敏感度试验组 (2 8 4 9± 6 4 5和     

老年性白内障与正常晶状体蛋白质双向电泳的差异

目的:应用双向电泳技术对比研究老年性白内障与正常晶状体,寻找差异表达的蛋白质。方法:分别收集老年性白内障和正常晶状体,采用固相pH梯度(IPG)等电聚焦双向电泳技术进行蛋白质分离,使用ImageMaster图像分析软件分析电泳图像,对比分析蛋白质表达的差异。结果:大部分晶状体蛋白质分布在Mr14000～97000,等电点(pI)5～9的范围内;高丰度蛋白质斑点分布在Mr20000～31000、等电点(pI)6～8的区域内。经软件分析正常组共识别出133±7个蛋白质斑点,白内障组共识别出136±8个斑点,两组之间的匹配率为87%(115个),其中有8个点蛋白质表达量增加了300%以上,其中44号增加了480%,有6个点蛋白质表达量减少了300%以上,其中125号减少了336%。结论:老年性白内障与正常晶状体存在差异表达的蛋白质。     

妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症患者胎儿缺氧的影响因素

目的　探讨妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症 (ICP)患者胎儿缺氧机理及其相关因素。方法　分别测定ICP患者 (30例 ,ICP组 )及正常妊娠妇女 (30例 ,对照组 )新生儿脐动脉血胆汁酸总量 (TBA)、次黄嘌呤 (HX)、内皮素 (ET)及有核红细胞 (NRBC)计数。结果　 (1)ICP组缺氧者 (10例 )脐血HX水平为(18.6 8± 15 .73) μmol/L ,明显高于ICP组无缺氧者 (2 0例 ) [(6 .87± 2 .82 ) μmol/L ]及对照组 [(6 .81±2 .83) μmol/L](P <0 .0 1) ;但NRBC[(4 .2 0± 2 .49)个 / 10 0白细胞 ,(3.40± 2 .2 6 )个 / 10 0白细胞 ,(3.5 0± 1.74)个 / 10 0白细胞 ]及ET水平 [(72 .44± 12 .2 3)ng/L ,(70 .16± 2 6 .6 1)ng/L ,(6 7.2 7± 43.5 6 )ng/L],各组相似 (P >0 .0 5 )。 (2 )ICP组缺氧者脐血TBA为 (2 3.77± 11.82 ) μmol/L ,明显高于ICP组无缺氧者 (14.86± 5 .46 ) μmol/L ,ICP组无缺氧者脐血TBA又高于对照组 [(9.2 8± 4.39) μmol/L](P <0 .0 1) ;且ICP组脐血TBA与HX水平呈正相关 (r=0 .6 89,P <0 .0 1) ;ICP组羊水胎粪污染率明显高于对照组 (5 3.3% ,13.3% ;P <0 .0 1) ,ICP组羊水胎粪污染者脐血TBA[(2 1.44± 9.92 ) μmol/L],明显高于羊水清亮者 [(13.6 9± 5 .74) μmol/L],差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。 结论　ICP时 ,     

CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 genetic polymorphisms and uterine leiomyoma risk in Chinese women

Purpose  The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 polymorphisms with uterine leiomyoma in Chinese women. Methods  We investigated 100 women with clinically diagnosed uterine leiomyoma and 110 healthy normal subjects from Chinese women. The genetic distribution of two CYP1A1 polymorphisms at MspI, Ile462Val and four CYP1B1 polymorphisms at Arg48Gly, Ala119Ser, Leu432Val, Asp449Asp were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing method. Results  All the SNPs showed polymorphisms in Chinese women. The genotype A/G and the allele G on Ile462Val was significantly different between uterine leiomyoma patients and controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion  These results suggest that the genotype of CYP1A1 Ile462Val was associated with the increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in Chinese women. Capsule This is the first report that demonstrates the polymorphism at Ile462Val of CYP1A1 to be associated with uterine leiomyoma in Chinese women.     

p27kip1蛋白在卵巢上皮癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 :研究p2 7kip1在卵巢上皮癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法 :采用免疫组化SP法检测 2 0例卵巢良性、5 8例卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤中p2 7kip1蛋白的表达。应用Kaplan Meier法及Cox比例风险回归模型 ,分析p2 7kip1蛋白表达与卵巢上皮癌患者预后的关系。结果 :(1)卵巢良性和恶性上皮性肿瘤中p2 7kip1蛋白表达阳性率分别为75 .0 % ,4 6 .6 % ,恶性肿瘤中p2 7kip1蛋白表达阳性率明显低于良性肿瘤 ,恶性肿瘤染色阳性部位以胞浆为主 ;(2 )p2 7kip1蛋白的表达与病理学分级有关 ,与年龄、临床分期、淋巴结转移、组织学亚型无关 ;(3)卵巢上皮癌中 ,p2 7kip1蛋白的表达与bax蛋白的表达呈正相关 ,与bcl 2蛋白的表达呈负相关 ,与ki6 7蛋白无明显相关性 ;(4)p2 7kip1蛋白表达是影响卵巢上皮癌患者预后的独立因素 ,阳性者预后较好。结论 :p2 7kip1蛋白可能与卵巢上皮癌的发生有关。p2 7kip1蛋白可作为判断患者预后的指标。