胃癌组织中KAI1、nm23及P53的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨正常胃黏膜、不典型增生胃黏膜及癌组织中KAI1、nm23及P53蛋白的表达．方法:应用SP法免疫组化检测22例正常胃黏膜,65例不典型增生胃黏膜及74N胃癌组织中的KAI1、nm23及P53蛋白的表达．结果:正常胃黏膜、不典型增生胃黏膜及胃癌组织中,KAI1和nm23阳性率呈降低趋势,组间差异性有统计学意义(x2=20．885, P<0．001;x2=29．133,P<0．05):P53蛋白阳性表达率呈增加趋势,组间差异性有统计学意义(x2=21．954,P<0．001)．Fisher精确概率检验显示:在胃癌组中不同的浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移和脉管侵犯组内KAI1、nm23及 P53组阳性表达率的差异性有统计学意义(x2 =20．885,P<0．001;x2=29．133,P<0．05;x2= 21．954,P<0．001);而在年龄、性别组间的差异性无统计学意义．Spearman等级相关分析显示 KAI1与nm23表达呈正相关(r=0．859,P<0．05); KAI1与P53表达呈负相关(r=-0．859,P<0．05), nm23与P53表达呈负相关(r=-0．874,P<0．05) 结论:抑癌基因KAI1与nm23的缺失以及P53 蛋白的过表达可能是胃癌发生、发展及浸润和转移的重要原因之一．     

Pre-Implantation Multiple Cytokine mRNA Expression Analysis of Donor Lung Grafts Predicts Survival After Lung Transplantation in Humans

While current donor selection with clinical findings is generally effective, the imprecise nature of the assessment forces clinicians to remain on the conservative side. A reliable biological marker would assist donor selection and would improve donor organ utilization. We collected biopsies from 169 donor lungs before implantation. Expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-1beta were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Seventeen cases died within 30 days after transplantation. No donor factor was significantly associated with 30-day mortality. Univariate analysis of the 84 cases for development of the prediction model showed that IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta were risk factors for mortality and IL-10 and IFN-gamma were protective factors. We analyzed the cytokine expression ratios of risk to protective cytokines. A stepwise logistic regression for 30-day mortality demonstrated that a model containing the ratio of IL-6/IL-10 was the most predictive (p = 0.0013). When applied to the remaining 85 cases for validation, the test of model fit was significant (p = 0.039). Using the cytokine ratio, we were able to define three risk groups with striking differences in survival (p = 0.0003). Multi-cytokine analysis of the donor lung graft with qRT-PCR shows significant promise as a strategy to biologically evaluate the donor lung prior to implantation.     

小鼠低温游泳脑缺血模型的建立及在注射液量效关系上的应用

目的:建立一种新的脑缺血小鼠模型,用标准的注射液验证模型的可靠性。方法:小鼠分成3组:生理盐水组,尼莫地平组(1.0 mg/kg)和三七总皂苷组(120 mg/kg)。静脉注射25m in后,动物负重5%体重,在10~10.5℃的水中游泳5m in,取出,断头,记录断头的喘气持续时间。小鼠分别注射尼莫地平0.3、0.7、1.0、1.5 mg/kg或三七总皂苷60、80、120、160 mg/kg,同上法操作,探讨两种药物的量效关系。结果:和生理盐水组比较,两个药物能显著延长小鼠断头的喘气持续时间(P<0.01)。尼莫地平的量效关系方程式为:y=27.74919x 18.79446;三七总皂苷的量效关系方程式为:y=0.13347x 20.51017,二者的量效关系均显著(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:新的方法能够用于评价药物的抗脑缺血作用。     

四参三根二花汤治疗鼻咽癌放疗不良反应80例临床观察

放射治疗（放疗）是鼻咽癌患者首选的治疗方法。在放疗过程中，许多患者经常出现口咽部反应，如咽部充血、疼痛、白膜、口腔粘膜溃疡等不良反应，轻者影响进食，重者迫使放疗停止，直接或间接地影响患者的治疗效果和生存期。笔者在临床中自拟四参三根二花汤在鼻咽癌患者放疗中使用，进行临床观察，收到良好效果，现总结如下：     

老年糖尿病患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术49例临床分析

目的分析总结老年糖尿病患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的可行性。方法分析49例老年糖尿病患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床资料。结果全部患者均完成手术，2例合并戳孔感染。无死亡病例。结论对合并糖尿病的老年胆石症患者。应严格掌握手术适应证。术前充分准备，血糖需控制在10mmol／L以内。术中加强监控。可安全完成腹腔镜胆囊切除术。     

李振华教授调理脾胃用药规律探讨

李振华教授，生于1924年，河南省洛宁县人。著名中医脾胃学专家，全国片批名老中医。国务院特殊津贴专家，原中华中医药学会常务理事、第七届全国人大代表，曾任河南中医学院院长，从事中医临床与教学六十余载，长于内科杂病，晚年潜心于脾胃学说研究，著有《中国传统脾胃病学》等，并负责研究河南省重点科研项目“脾胃气虚本质的研究”及“七五”国家重点科技攻关项目“慢性萎缩性胃炎脾虚证临床及实验研究”，且均荣获河南省科技进步成果奖。经过多年临床实践，李老整理总结出调理脾胃的用药规律。提出通过药物件味归经，以及药效应用与脾胃的生理、病理特点相结合的川药大法。     

自体造血干细胞采集的护理

[目的]为进行自体外周血造血干细胞移植的病人提供优质护理，采集足够数量的造血干细胞，降低术中及术后不良反应。[方法]采用COBE Spectra血细胞分离机采集造血干细胞在采集前严密观察病人心理和血常规的变化，维持病人心理状态的稳定，掌握干细胞采集的最佳时机；术中严密观察生命体征、意识、四肢口唇是否有麻木感；术后监测病人外周的穿刺部位是否有出血，有无手足抽搐。[结果]20例病人均采集足够数量的造血干细胞，无不良反应发生：[结论]优质护理为自体外周血造血干细胞移植的成功奠定了基础。     

县级医院护士伦理道德素质调查

近年来，对护理伦理学的研究已日渐增多，护理伦理学已列入护理的正规教程，但时于基层医院护理队伍伦理道德素质状况的研究甚少，县级医院面对的是占中国80％的农村和城镇居民，其服务对象不同于大医院，也不同于村、镇卫生院。基于上述原因，本问卷调查目的在于丁解县级医院护理队伍伦理道德素质教育的状况。以及护士所面对的冲突和困难，以加强和改善护理队伍的素质建设，提高护理工作质量。     

Effective high-capacity gutless adenoviral vectors mediate transgene expression in human glioma cells.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common subtype of primary malignant brain tumor. Although serotype 5 adenoviral vectors (Ads) have been used successfully in clinical trials for GBM, the capacity of Ads to infect human glioma cells and the expression of adenoviral receptors in GBM cells have been challenged. In this report, we studied the expression of three molecules that have been shown to mediate adenoviral entry into cells, i.e., coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), integrin alphavbeta3 (INT), and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI), in rodent glioma cell lines and low-passage primary cultures and cell lines from human GBM. We correlated levels of expression of CAR, INT, and MHCI with transduction efficiency elicited by several high-capacity helper-dependent adenoviral vectors (HC-Ads). Expression levels of adenoviral receptors were variable among the different GBM cells studied. HC-Ad-mediated therapeutic gene expression was efficient, ranging between 20 and 80% of the total target cells expressing the encoded transgenes. Our results show no correlation between the levels of CAR, INT, or MHCI molecules and the levels of transgene expression or the number of GBM cells transduced. We conclude that expression levels of adenoviral receptors do not predict their transduction efficiency or biological function.     

Neuroprotective effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in transient focal ischemia of mice.

Cerebral ischemia induces the expression of several growth factors and cytokines, which protect neurons against ischemic insults. Recent studies showed that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has a neuroprotective effect through the signaling pathway for the antiapoptotic cascade. The current study was designed to assess the neuroprotective mechanisms of G-CSF in ischemia/reperfusion injury using bone marrow chimera mice known to express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Mice were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion and divided into two groups: those treated with G-CSF (G-CSF group) and vehicle (control group) (n = 35 in each group). Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting for antiapoptotic protein, nitrotyrosine, and inducible nitrate oxide synthase (iNOS) were performed. G-CSF significantly reduced stroke volume (34%, P < 0.006). G-CSF upregulated Stat3, pStat3, and Bcl-2 (P < 0.05), and suppressed iNOS and nitrotyrosine expression. In EGFP chimera mice, G-CSF decreased the migration of Iba-1/EGFP-positive bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages and increased intrinsic microglia/macrophages at ischemic penumbra (P < 0.05), suggesting that bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages are not involved in G-CSF-induced reduction of ischemic injury size. Our study indicated that G-CSF exerts a neuroprotective effect through the direct activation of antiapoptotic pathway, and suggested that G-CSF is important for expansion of the therapeutic time window in patients with cerebral ischemia.