语感教学:语文教育新视角

语文能力的核心是语言能力,语言能力的培养首先表现在如何提高学生的语感素质。加强语文教育中的语感教学,构建培养语感的教学实践体系,势在必行。     

一种简便又经济的肝脏贮脂细胞分离方法

目的建立一种简便而经济的大鼠肝脏贮脂细胞的分离方法。方法采用链霉蛋白酶和Ⅳ型胶原酶循环灌注大鼠 肝脏后,以１１％Nycodenz密度梯度离心,分离肝脏贮脂细胞。结果细胞得率为２×１０～３×１０个／只,活力在９５％以上, 纯度超过９０％。结论本法简化了肝脏贮脂细胞的分离过程,使之既简便又经济,且细胞得率也较高。     

大鼠肝微粒体中的脂肪酸分析

用双-2-乙基己基酚酞酸酯(DEHP)诱导大鼠肝过氧化物酶体增殖,然后用蔗糖密度梯度离心法分离大鼠肝微粒体,用毛细管气相色谱法测定肝微粒体中的脂肪酸含量.结果不饱和脂肪酸占所测14种脂肪酸总量的比例,青年诱导组小于青年正常组(P＜0.01),老年诱导组大于老年正常组(P＜0.05).青年正常组大于老年正常组(P＜0.01).所测14种脂肪酸的总量及长链脂肪酸占总量的比例,各实验组之间均无明显差异.说明DEHP对大鼠肝微粒体脂肪酸的组成,进而对微粒体膜结构的影响,青年鼠与老年鼠不同.结论青年鼠与老年鼠对药物代谢的能力不同.     

Outcomes and factors associated with early mortality in pediatric postcardiotomy veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Mortality and morbidity of children received veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) support after cardiac surgery remain high despite remarkable advances in medical management and devices. The purpose of this study was to describe outcomes and risk factors of applying VA‐ECMO in the surgical pediatric population. We retrospectively analyzed 85 consecutive pediatric patients (aged <18 years) who received postcardiotomy VA‐ECMO from January 2010 to December 2018. Median (IQR) age at ECMO implantation in this cohort was 12.7 (6.4, 43.2) months, median weight was 8.5 (6.0, 12.8) kg, mean ECMO duration was 143.2 ± 81.6 hours and mean hospital length of stay was 48.4 ± 32.4 days. Seventy‐five patients (88.2%) were indicated for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock. The successful ECMO weaning rate was 70.6% and in‐hospital mortality was 52.9%. The most common diagnosis was transposition of great arteries (n = 18, 21.2%), while acute kidney injury occurred most often (n = 64, 75.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, and nosocomial infection were positively correlated with in‐hospital mortality. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis presented that thrombocytopenia significantly increased the 180‐day mortality in patients with successful weaning. Therefore, multiple factors had adverse effects on prognosis. Patient selection and procedures from ECMO implantation to weaning need to be closely monitored and performed in a timely manner to improve outcome.     

Stabilization of positive coupled differential‐difference equations with unbounded time‐varying delays

This paper researches the static output‐feedback stabilization of single‐input single‐output (SISO) positive coupled differential‐difference equations (CDDEs) with unbounded time‐varying delays. First, a necessary and sufficient condition is provided for the positivity and asymptotical stability of CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays. For this type of system, based on the constructed estimates of its solution, a necessary and sufficient condition on asymptotical stability is provided. Then, based on this criterion, for CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays, a kind of static output‐feedback controller is designed to ensure the positivity and asymptotical stability of the corresponding closed‐loop systems. It is also worth pointing out that the controller is designed by the linear programming method without parameterization technique. This design approach can also be applied to the static state feedback stabilization problem of CDDEs with unbounded time‐varying delays. Finally, two illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of our results.     

低龄婴儿双供肾移植给成人22例报道

目的总结单中心低龄婴儿双供肾移植给成人的临床效果。方法回顾性纳入2013年7月至2017年10月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院实施的所有儿童双供肾移植给成人受者共22例临床资料和随访数据。22例供者年龄(2.9±1.7)个月,体重(4.9±1.4)kg,其中15例小于3月龄。受者多为低体重女性成人,体重(46.3±5.6)kg。总结早期移植失败及随访期间移植肾失功或受者死亡原因。根据是否发生单侧移植肾血栓,移植肾功能恢复者又进一步分为双肾存活组和单肾存活组,比较移植肾中-长期功能。结果4例受者在术后早期出现移植失败,包括双肾血栓2例、移植肾破裂切除1例和受者多器官功能衰竭死亡1例。18例受者移植肾功能恢复出院,随访期间因移植肾新生肿瘤切除双肾1例、因复杂全身原因死亡1例、因间质性肺炎死亡1例,余15例受者双肾均存活者10例(中位随访59个月),单肾存活者5例(中位随访48个月)。移植1年时双肾存活组估算肾小球滤过率为(95±27)ml/(min·1.73 m2),显著高于单肾存活组(61±24)ml/(min·1.73 m2)(P<0.05),但3年时分别为(95±21)ml/(min·1.73 m2)和(69±31)ml/(min·1.73 m2),差异缩小,差异无显著统计学意义(P=0.12)。结论低龄婴儿双供肾移植虽然可以扩大供肾来源,但发生早期移植失败和单肾栓塞的风险较高。在单肾存活的情况下,受者仍具有相对满意的中-长期移植效果。     

Clinical and pathological analysis of 101 cases of ANCA-associated vasculitic kidney injury

Objective

To analyze the clinical and pathological features of patients with anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitic (AASV)-kidney injury (AASVKI).

Methods

From January 2015 to December 2018, a total of 101 AASVKI patients treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University were divided into 2 groups (the pANCA-positive group and the cANCA-positive group) for comparison; 63 patients were performed renal biopsy and divided into 3 groups according to pathological results [the non-crescent nephritis group (non-C), the crescent nephritis group (C), and the sclerotic nephritis group (S)] for comparison.

Results

Compared with the Group pANCA, Group cANCA exhibited higher incidence of eye involvement (P?=?0.039) and skin mucosa destruction (P?=?0.045), higher serum creatinine (Scr) (P?<?0.001), higher 24-h urine protein quantification (P?=?0.045), but lower hemoglobin (Hb) (P?<?0.001). Compared with Group non-C, Group C had higher Scr (P?<?0.001) and urinary red blood cells (P?=?0.010), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P?=?0.003), hemoglobin (HD)-dependence (P?=?0.042), and higher mortality rate within 1 year (P?=?0.005); compared with Group S, Group C had faster onset of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P?=?0.031), higher urinary red blood cells (P?=?0.029), and lower incidence of HD-dependence (P?=?0.038).

Conclusions

AASVKI patients with positive cANCA have poor renal function, among whom the patients with crescent type have poorer renal function than those with non-crescent type, have higher urinary red blood cells while lower HD-dependence than those with sclerotic type.

     

Risk factors of uterine contraction after ureteroscopy in pregnant women with renal colic

International Urology and Nephrology - Ureteroscopy is widely applied in pregnant women with renal colic, but such patients are easy to experience uterine contraction after surgery. There are many...     

Intradialytic systolic blood pressure variation can predict long-term mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

International Urology and Nephrology - It is unclear which time-points of intradialytic blood pressure (BP) best predict prognosis. Thus, it is important to assess the association between different...