Influence of Solvent-Dependent Morphology on Molecular Doping and Charge Transport in Conductive Thiophene Polymer

The utility of a solvent is one of the key factors that impacts resultant film morphology. However, the effect of solvent-dependent morphology on the doping process and electrical conductivity has not been adequately elucidated. In this work, we compared the morphology of chloroform- and chlorobenzene-processed thiophene polymer films and investigated how the choice of solvent influences film morphology, doping level, charge transport properties, and thus electrical conductivity. It was found that the film drop-casted from chloroform exhibits better crystallinity than that drop-casted from chlorobenzene. The crystallinity has negligible impact on the doping level but significant impact on charge transport properties. As a result, the chloroform-processed film shows a higher electrical conductivity of up to 408 S cm⁻¹ due to a high carrier mobility related to the continuously crystalline domains in film. This finding indicates that the choice of solvent for preparation of film, which strongly correlated with molecular orientation, is a new strategy to optimize the electrical conductivity of doped polymers.     

腹腔镜下肝脏海绵状血管瘤的治疗

目的总结腹腔镜下肝脏海绵状血管瘤的治疗经验,探讨其安全性及可行性。方法回顾性分析我院67例腹腔镜下治疗肝脏海绵状血管瘤的临床资料,其中58例行腹腔镜下肝脏海绵状血管瘤的射频消融治疗,9例行腹腔镜下肝血管瘤的切除治疗。结果本组病例均在腹腔镜下完成手术治疗,平均手术时间约100 min,平均出血量约300 ml,术后第2天均能下地活动,并进流质饮食,术后平均住院时间5 d,1例术后出现右肝管狭窄,术后无胆漏出血,随访远期效果良好。结论腹腔镜下肝海绵状血管瘤的治疗是安全可行的,疗效确切,治疗病例应严格选择。     

儿童术后疼痛评估软件的设计与应用

目的开发高效、准确及受患儿欢迎的疼痛评估工具,提高疼痛评估水平。方法在Windows环境下,采用Visual Basic6.0语言编程,建立包括软件说明、信息录入、疼痛评估、信息查询、用户管理5个功能模块的儿童疼痛评估软件;与Wong-Baker面部表情量表同时应用于80例手术患儿术后至第3天于静息、床上活动、进食、深呼吸、咳嗽状态下的疼痛评估。结果两种方法疼痛5项分值的相关系数r为0.630～0.872,93.75%患儿首选疼痛评估软件为自己评估疼痛。结论儿童疼痛评估软件性能好,用于评估术后患儿疼痛效果可靠,且受患儿欢迎。     

钛合金粉浆涂塑冠桥材料的生物安全性评价

目的　评价钛合金粉浆涂塑冠桥材料的生物安全性。方法　采用该材料分别对仓鼠、NIH纯系小鼠和豚鼠进行急性毒性、细胞毒性、致敏性、口腔粘膜刺激性、溶血及微核等项动物试验。结果　钛合金粉浆涂塑冠桥材料的溶血率为 2 .2 1% ,低于 5 % ,说明其有良好的血液相容性。而且 ,该材料无明显的细胞毒性作用 ,也未见任何急性毒性反应 ,对口腔粘膜无刺激性 ,无致敏性 ,微核试验未见潜在致突变性。结论　钛合金粉浆涂塑冠桥材料用于临床具有可靠的生物安全性。     

经颅多普勒观察消炎痛治疗兔急性脑外伤的实验研究

为探讨消炎痛（ＩＤＴ）对急性实验性颅脑损伤后脑血流速度的早期影响，采用直接打击法建立具有临床闭合性颅脑损伤特点的兔急性实验性颅脑损伤模型。在该模型的基础上，静脉注射ＩＤＴ（４ｍｇ／ｋｇ），应用经颅多普勒超声（ＴＣＤ），观察其对大脑中动脉（ＭＣＡ）血流速度的影响，并结合颅内压（ＩＣＰ）监护，综合评定消炎痛在脑外伤治疗中的作用。结果表明：ＩＤＴ对脑外伤后脑血流速度有明显影响（Ｐ＜０．０５）。具体表现为ＭＣＡ收缩期血流速度（Ｖｓ）和血流速度时间平均值（ＴＡＭ）降低，而舒张末期血流速度（Ｖｄ）保持相对恒定。随着脑血流速度的下降，动物ＩＣＰ升高的速度及幅度也明显低于对照组。结果提示：ＩＤＴ在不影响脑氧代谢的基础上，可以减少脑血流量，从而有效地控制ＩＣＰ升高，改善脑外伤的预后。     

肌皮瓣转移术治疗骶尾部Ⅲ度压疮的护理

压疮是由于局部组织长期受压、发生持续缺血、缺氧、营养不良而致组织溃烂坏死。早在20世纪30年代,已开始用手术治疗重度压疮。此后治疗方法不断改进,尤其在应用各种皮瓣、肌皮瓣覆盖创面方面进展更快。我科2004年8月-2009年7月用臀大肌皮瓣转移术治疗骶尾部重度压疮36例,均取得良好疗效,现将护理体会介绍如下。     

合成新药SC1001钠盐对家兔呼吸频率、心率、直肠温度和皮层电图的影响

作者用SC1001钠盐(200mg/kg)注入家兔腹腔内,观察其对呼吸频率、心率、直肠温度和皮层电图的影响。实验结果表明,对家兔的呼吸频率、直肠温度有轻微的抑制作用,对中枢神经活动有明显的抑制作用,对心率有加快作用。     

Immunotherapy of biliary tract cancer

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), which encompass intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas as well as gallbladder carcinomas, are one of the most aggressive malignancies. Although the development of systemic chemotherapy approaches has made progress, the prognosis of BTC remains poor. Chronic inflammation plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of BTC, highlighting the immune etiology of this disease. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising new modality of treatment for BTC. Here, we summarize the relevant tumor immunology of BTC and recently completed and ongoing clinical trials of immunotherapy for BTC.     

Impact of Postoperative Complications on Long-Term Survival After Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Annals of Surgical Oncology - Controversy exists over the relationship between postoperative complications (POCs) and long-term survival for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy. This...     

Evaluation of Stress Predominant Urinary Incontinence

Urodynamic studies (UDS) have been used to objectively characterize a patient’s complaint of urinary incontinence. Presumably, the clinician can utilize the UDS data to guide treatment options. It is even hoped that UDS can help predict which treatments should be utilized to produce the most effective outcomes. However, is this currently the case? The Urinary Incontinence Treatment Network (UITN) has completed four large randomized clinical trials related to treatments for urinary incontinence. Two trials compared outcomes of different surgeries for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in which standardized UDS protocols were used. Secondary analyses of these UDS data showed that UDS were neither prognostic of treatment outcomes nor correlative with severity of UI symptoms, suggesting limited utility of UDS in the evaluation and management of the uncomplicated SUI patient. A third trial was designed to answer whether a basic office examination is not noninferior to UDS in affecting SUI surgical outcomes. The results of this study are currently in press. A fourth trial examined treatment of urgency urinary incontinence (UUI). Because UDS was not part of this trial, the utility of UDS in management and treatment of UUI could not be assessed. In summary, UDS will need to undergo further refinements to increase its clinical effectiveness in the area of urinary incontinence.