高频超声在小儿腹股沟斜疝手术治疗中的价值

目的　探讨高频超声检测小儿腹股沟斜疝腹股沟管扩张程度对于选择手术方式的价值。　方法　回顾分析 4 88例施行单纯疝囊高位结扎手术的小儿腹股沟斜疝超声检测的腹股沟管扩张最大内径 ,分组追踪其术后斜疝复发率。　结果　腹股沟管扩张最大内径 >1.5 cm的一组病例术后复发率明显增高。　结论　高频超声检测腹股沟管扩张最大内径 >1.5 cm的小儿腹股沟斜疝有必要行斜疝修补术 ,减少复发率 ,为临床医师提供有价值的客观指标     

流式细胞术检测非小细胞肺癌患者骨髓微转移

目的　应用流式细胞术检测非小细胞肺癌患者骨髓中的微转移。方法　骨髓经Ficoll梯度离心分离单核细胞后,用细胞角蛋白 19(Cytokeratin, CK19)单克隆抗体染色,应用流式细胞仪检测。结果　检测了 96例肺癌患者骨髓,发现 25例患者骨髓中有微转移。20例肺良性病变患者、10例正常人骨髓均无微转移。肺癌患者阳性率与患者病理分期、分化程度和细胞组织学类型密切相关 (P<0. 05)。结论　应用流式细胞术检测非小细胞肺癌患者骨髓中的微转移,有助于肺癌的综合治疗。     

全国细菌药敏试验的室间质量评价

目的：了解全国大中型医院细菌药敏试验（AST）状况，提高检测水平和质量。方法：定期向全国各参加评价实验室发放冻干标本，要求在规定时间内报告可疑感染的病原菌及其药敏结果，对回报结果给予数据统计、分析和评价。结果：2000年全国489个细菌室对常见耐药菌的检测正确率分别为：超广谱β－内酰胺酶63％（ESBLs)；苯唑西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）74％；苯唑西林耐药凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRSCoN)48％；对青霉素不敏感肺炎链球菌7％；氨基糖苷类高水平耐药肠球菌95％；产β－内酰胺酶流感嗜血杆菌正确率35％。结论：通过细菌药敏试验的室间质量评价反映出我国的细菌耐药性检测水平急待提高。     

32例出血性梗塞研究分析

对32例出血性梗塞研究分析，发现常出现于脑栓塞及大面积脑血栓病人。以治疗中病情突然加重或持久症状不改善为特征，动态CT检查对本病的诊断及治疗有重要意义。     

Breast Volume Measurement in Young Chinese Women and Clinical Applications

The authors carried out research on breast volume and body surface anatomy of 125 women. As a result, an average breast volume for Chinese women was obtained (325.36 ± 12.66 ml), and a table with several linear equations for calculating breast volume was derived. The authors applied these results to their clinical work and succeeded in making mammaplasty more precise in 178 patients.     

Dopa-responsive parkinsonism secondary to right temporal lobe haemorrahage.

A 46-year-old man developed a symmetrical parkinsonian syndrome 7 weeks after large right temporal intracerebral haemorrhage resulting from a ruptured arteriovenous malformation. His signs included bradykinesia, rigidity, start hesitation, and poor postural reflexes, without a resting tremor. He also had signs of a Parinaud's syndrome. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated changes in the right temporal lobe associated with the haemorrhage but no abnormality of the basal ganglia or midbrain. Levodopa therapy produced a dramatic improvement within a few days of commencement. We postulate that the parkinsonism resulted from midbrain compression secondary to transtentorial herniation. Although parkinsonism is a rare complication of lobar intracerebral haemorrhage, it is important to recognise as it may be potentially treatable.     

N-methyl-D-aspartate exposure blocks glutamate toxicity in cultured cerebellar granule cells.

Exposure of cultured cerebellar granule cells to glutamate results in a concentration-dependent (EC50 = 22.7 +/- 0.4 microM) and delayed (24-72 hr) neurotoxicity, which is blocked by the specific N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists 2-amino-5-phosphovalerate and MK-801 but is unaffected by the non-NMDA receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione. Although glutamate toxicity in these cells is mediated by the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor, pretreatment of cerebellar granule cells with subtoxic concentrations of NMDA markedly antagonizes the neurotoxic actions of glutamate, with an IC50 of 55 +/- 4 microM. The neuroprotective effect of NMDA requires a preincubation time of approximately 120 min to be fully manifested and does not require the presence of NMDA during glutamate exposure. These data demonstrate that NMDA receptors mediate both neurotoxicity and neuroprotection in cerebellar granule cells. Among four glutamate receptor agonists tested (NMDA, quisqualate, ibotenate, and kainate), only NMDA was able to provide a robust neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity. Quisqualate was neither neurotoxic nor neuroprotective, whereas ibotenate, which was nontoxic by itself, induced a small degree of neuroprotection. In contrast, kainate, which was neurotoxic to cerebellar granule cells, also provided considerable neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity. Because preincubation of cerebellar granule cells with NMDA fails to alter NMDA receptor-mediated phosphoinositide hydrolysis or the specific binding of [3H]MK-801 to NMDA receptors, it appears that the neuroprotective effects of NMDA are not due to NMDA receptor desensitization.     

Comparative Study on the Immunogenicity between Recombinant MS-Sj26GST Vaccine and Recombinant BCG-Sj26GST Vaccine in Schistosoma japonicum

TuberculosisandSchistosomiasisarethemajorcontagiousdiseaseswhicharethemostdangeroustothepeople’shealth Inordertogetridofthem ,wemustlookforamoreusefulvaccine Bythetech niquesofmolecularbiology ,2 6 0 0 0DaGlutathionStransferase (GST) genewasclonedintotheE coli MycobacteriumtransferringandexpressionvectorpBCG 2 0 0 0totransformittoMycobacteriumsmeg matismc2 15 5 (MS)andBCGseparatelyinordertoconstructrMS Sj2 6GSTvaccineandrBCG Sj2 6GSTvaccine Inthisstudy ,theBALB/cmicewereimmu niz…     

国产达美康治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的临床观察

本文应用国产达美康对71例NIDDM患者进行了临床观察,同时以优降糖做对照。结果显示:达美康降糖效果与优降糖相当,降血脂方面优于优降糖,并可降低全血粘度,而对照组无此变化,提示达美康在降低血粘度、改善微循环、防治糖尿病性微血管病变上有它独特的作用。结果表明达美康是治疗NIDDM安全而有效的口服降糖药。     

肢体不同延长速度对局部血流量的影响

本文报告20只兔胫骨以不同速度延长时用末梢微循环测定系统动态连续监测局部血流量变化的结果,发现一次延长>1 mm时,局部肌肉血流量开始急骤下降,恢复延长前血流量所需的时间>8 h。作者认为肢体的血管、肌肉等组织对1 mm/次/d延长速度有相当大的生物适应性。延长速度>1 mm/次/d易造成局部血流量大幅度减少。延长肢肌肉萎缩、肌力减弱可能与血流量减少有关。