Schiff碱型r-氨基丁酸酯类衍生物的合成及其抗惊厥活性

作者设计并合成了9个Schiff碱型取代对羟基本甲醛缩r-氨基丁酸酯类化合物。并用美国NIH提出的“抗癫痫药物开发程序(ADD)对所合成的化合物进行抗惊厥活性筛选。结果表明化合物Ⅲf、Ⅲg、Ⅲh、Ⅲi具有不同程度的抗惊厥活性。     

Topology Optimization of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters for Enhanced Open-Circuit Voltage Subjected to Harmonic Excitations

Energy harvesting devices made of piezoelectric material are highly anticipated energy sources for power wireless sensors. Tremendous efforts have been made to improve the performance of piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs). Noticeably, topology optimization has shown an attractive potential to design PEHs with enhanced energy conversion efficiency. In this work, an alternative yet more practical design objective was considered, where the open-circuit voltage of PEHs is enhanced by topologically optimizing the through-thickness piezoelectric material distribution of plate-type PEHs subjected to harmonic excitations. Compared to the conventional efficiency-enhanced designs, the open-circuit voltage of PEHs can be evidently enhanced by the proposed method while with negligible sacrifice on the energy conversion efficiency. Numerical investigations show that the voltage cancellation effect due to inconsistent voltage phases can be effectively ameliorated by optimally distributed piezoelectric materials.     

Intraocular lens power calculation after radical keratotomy and photorefractive keratectomy: A case report

Rationale:To report a rare case of calculating the IOL power in a cataract patient who underwent both radial keratotomy (RK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).Patient concerns:A 48-year-old woman underwent bilateral RK at age 22 and bilateral PRK at age 46. She developed bilateral corneal haze and corneal endothelial inflammation and received steroids therapy for long time after PRK. Then she was referred to our hospital due to decreased vision in the both eyes.Diagnoses:The patient was diagnosed with binocular complicated cataract, corneal haze, high myopia and post corneal refractive surgery (RK and PRK).Interventions:The patient underwent bilateral phacoemulsification. The IOL power was calculated using SRK/T formula for RK and Haigis-L formula for PRK, respectively. We finally selected the Haigis-L formula and the intraocular lens (SN60WF) was implanted within the capsular bag.Outcomes:After the surgery, both eyes showed myopia drift, and the right eye continuously fluctuated in refractive results. However, by nearly 1 year later, refractive results in both eyes had stabilized, and no other complications had occurred.Lessons:IOL power in patients who undergo both RK and PRK can be reliably calculated using the Shammas-PL, Average of multiple formulas, or Barret True-K No History formulas. Haigis-L formula is not suitable. Such patients require at least three months after surgery to attain refractive stability in both eyes.     

Combination therapy of tacrolimus,high doses of glucocorticosteroids,and cyclophosphamide against existing historical treatment for patients in severe conditions of interstitial lung diseases complicated with dermatomyositis: A retrospective analysis

The high-dose glucocorticosteroid (GC) treatment is the first choice for dermatomyositis complicated with interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD) but patients are resistant to the high-dose GC monotherapy. Besides, the high dose of GC, the secondary immunosuppressive agent(s) is necessary but there is controversy for the selection of immunosuppressive agent(s). The objectives of the study were to analyze the efficacy of different therapeutic options for DM-ILD to identify the optimal therapy. A total of 60 patients had received intravenous 1.0–2.0 mg/ kg/day prednisolone for DM-ILD. In severe conditions, patients had received oral 1 to 3 mg/day tacrolimus (TAC), 500 mg/ m²/month cyclophosphamide (CY), and/or 1 g/ day methylprednisolone pulse (TI cohort, n = 24). In severe conditions, patients had received 1 g/day methylprednisolone pulse and 2–3 mg/ kg/day cyclosporine A (CsA) and/or 500 mg/ m²/month CY (existing historical treatment; CT cohort, n = 36). Patients of the TI cohort did not receive CsA. Patients in the CT cohort were received CY in significantly fewer numbers than those of the TI cohort during treatment (P = .0112). A total of 11 (46%) patients from the TI cohort and 14 (39%) patients from the CT cohort were developed relapsed. At the end of the 30-months, higher numbers of patients of the TI cohort had an event(s) free survival than those of the CT cohort (7 (29%) vs 2 (6%), P = .0229). Also, higher numbers of patients of the TI cohort had survived irrespective of an event(s) than those of the CT cohort (21 (87%) vs 22 (61%), P = .0399). Patients of the TI cohort had developed herpes zoster (2 (8%)) and cytomegalovirus (4 (17%)) infections. Patients of the CT cohort developed renal dysfunction (10 (28%)). Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and fracture (GC-related toxicities) were also reported in both cohorts and these toxicities were fever in the TI cohort. The addition of TAC to high doses GC with CY is an ideal treatment for severe conditions of DM-ILD (Level of Evidence: III; Technical Efficacy Stage: 4).     

测定胃癌患者肿瘤组织与外周血中前列腺素E2的临床意义

目的 测定胃癌患者肿瘤组织及外周血中前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)含量.方法 用PGE2酶联免疫试剂盒分别测定40例胃癌患者肿瘤组织、癌旁切缘组织及术前外周血中PGE2含量.结果 胃癌组织的PGE2含量明显高于癌旁切缘组织,分别为(8.225±2.425)、(1.669±0.287)ng/g,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),低分化和高中分化胃癌组织PGE2含量分别为(9.02±2.28)、(5.38±0.35)ng/g,两者有显著性差异(P<0.05).外周血中PGE2含量与胃癌组织PGE2含量呈正相关(r=0.889,P<0.01).肿瘤直径≥5 cm和<5 cm的胃癌患者外周血中PGE2含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).低分化和高中分化胃癌患者外周血中PGE2含量差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05).胃癌组织及外周血中PGE2含量与患者年龄、性别无关,与肿瘤部位、浸润深度、临床病理分期及是否淋巴结转移也无关.结论 胃癌患者肿瘤组织中PGE2含量增高,其外周血PGE2含量也随之增高,表明外周血PGE:水平与胃癌组织释放的PGE2含量成正比.测定外周血中PGE2可以间接评估胃癌患者的肿瘤大小与分化程度.     

Oral hygiene, dentition, sexual habits and risk of oral cancer

In an Italian case-control study of oral cancer, number of missing teeth and other aspects of dental care were similar, but the general condition of the mouth, as indicated by gum bleeding, tartar deposits and mucosal irritation, was worse among oral cancer cases than controls. No differences were detected in sexual practices (including oral sex) and (previous) sexually transmitted infections.     

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) in the rectum: A case report

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a rare subtype of liposarcoma with a poor prognosis. This current case report describes a rectal DDLPS in a 68-year-old Chinese male that presented with lower abdominal pain and weight loss. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were undertaken to evaluate the tumour. The patient underwent radical resection of the rectal tumour, sigmoid colostomy and partial ureterectomy. The tumour was positive for mouse double minute 2 by immunohistochemistry. The patient healed well but refused chemotherapy postoperatively for economic reasons. The tumour recurred and metastasized 4 weeks after the operation. After relevant treatment, the patient''s condition deteriorated and he died of shock, metabolic acidosis, hyperlactataemia and acute renal failure. The case report also reviews the literature in terms of the clinical diagnosis, treatment and pathological characteristics of rectal DDLPS with the aim of improving the level of diagnosis and treatment.     

Precision N‐glycoproteomics reveals elevated LacdiNAc as a novel signature of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Primary liver cancer, mainly comprising hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), remains a major global health problem. Although ICC is clinically different from HCC, their molecular differences are still largely unclear. In this study, precision N‐glycoproteomic analysis was performed on both ICC and HCC tumors as well as paracancer tissues to investigate their aberrant site‐specific N‐glycosylation. By using our newly developed glycoproteomic methods and novel algorithm, termed ‘StrucGP’, a total of 486 N‐glycan structures attached on 1235 glycosites were identified from 894 glycoproteins in ICC and HCC tumors. Notably, glycans with uncommon LacdiNAc (GalNAcβ1‐4GlcNAc) structures were distinguished from their isomeric glycans. In addition to several bi‐antennary and/or bisecting glycans that were commonly elevated in ICC and HCC, a number of LacdiNAc‐containing, tri‐antennary, and core‐fucosylated glycans were uniquely increased in ICC. More interestingly, almost all LacdiNAc‐containing N‐glycopeptides were enhanced in ICC tumor but not in HCC tumor, and this phenomenon was further confirmed by lectin histochemistry and the high expression of β1‐4 GalNAc transferases in ICC at both mRNA and protein expression levels. The novel N‐glycan alterations uniquely detected in ICC provide a valuable resource for future studies regarding to the discovery of ICC diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and mechanism investigations.     

不同浓度含钠电解质溶液复苏对烧伤小儿机体内环境的影响

目的观察两种不同含钠浓度的电解质溶液对小儿烧伤液体复苏后机体内环境的影响。方法选择40例年龄6个月至两岁的小儿烧伤病例,烧伤面积从25%～54%,随机分成俩组,每组20例,A组采用平衡盐溶液(A组含钠量130mmol/L),B组采用高钠复方乳酸钠溶液(含钠量174mmol/L),两种不同的电解质溶液行液体复苏。并分别于伤后1～4天抽取血标本检测K 、Na 、Cl-和HCO3-四种电解质,记录各时段液体输入量和尿量以及血浆晶体渗透压等。结果A组伤后第一天的补液量明显高于B组,且A组血清Na 、HCO3-浓度明显下降,伤后第二天逐步回升。A、B两组K 浓度于伤后第三、第四天明显下降。结论电解质溶液中钠离子浓度的不同对小儿烧伤机体内环境的影响较大,含钠量高的溶液可能更有利于烧伤小儿机体内环境保持稳定。