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131.
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Madelon Novato Ribeiro Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel Armando de Oliveira Schubach Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalh?es de Oliveira José Liporage Teixeira Madson Pedro da Silva Leite Monique Fonseca Ginelza Peres Lima dos Santos Mariza Matos Salgueiro Erica de Camargo Ferreira e Vasconcellos Marcelo Rosandiski Lyra Mauricio Naoto Saheki Claudia Maria Valete-Rosalino 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(4):291-296
The favorable outcome of the treatment of a disease is influenced by the
adherence to therapy. Our objective was to assess factors associated with adherence
to treatment of patients included in a clinical trial of equivalence between the
standard and alternative treatment schemes with meglumine antimoniate (MA) in the
treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Between
2008 and 2011, 57 patients with CL were interviewed using a questionnaire to collect
socioeconomic data. The following methods were used for adherence monitoring:
counting of vial surplus, monitoring card, Morisky test and modified Morisky test
(without the question regarding the schedule); we observed 82.1% (vial return), 86.0%
(monitoring card), 66.7% (Morisky test) and 86.0% (modified Morisky test) adherence.
There was a strong correlation between the method of vial counting and the monitoring
card and modified Morisky test. A significant association was observed between
greater adherence to treatment and low dose of MA, as well as with a lower number of
people sleeping in the same room. We recommend the use of the modified Morisky test
to assess adherence to treatment of CL with MA, because it is a simple method and
with a good performance, when compared to other methods. 相似文献
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Scaling the primate lateral geniculate nucleus: Niche and neurodevelopment in the regulation of magnocellular and parvocellular cell number and nucleus volume 下载免费PDF全文
Barbara L. Finlay Christine J. Charvet Isle Bastille Desmond T. Cheung José Augusto P.C. Muniz Luiz Carlos de Lima Silveira 《The Journal of comparative neurology》2014,522(8):1839-1857
New stereological assessments of lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neuron numbers and volumes in five New World primates (Cebus apella, Saguinus midas niger, Alouatta caraya, Aotus azarae, and Callicebus moloch) and compiled LGN volumes for an additional 26 mammals were analyzed for a better understanding of visual system evolution. Both the magnocellular (M)‐ and the parvocellular (P)‐cell populations scale allometrically with brain volume in primates, P cells with a significantly higher slope such that, for every increase in M neuron number, P neuron numbers more than double (ln scale; y = 0.89x + 2.42R2 = 0.664). In diurnal primates, the ratio of P to M cells was slightly but significantly higher than in nocturnal primates. For all mammals, including primates, LGN volume was unrelated to nocturnal or diurnal niche but showed marked differences in slope and intercept depending on taxonomic group. The allometric scaling of M and P cells can be related to the order of neurogenesis, with late‐generated P cells increasing with positive allometry compared with the earlier‐generated M cells. This developmental regularity links relative foveal representation to relative isocortex enlargement, which is also generated late. The small increase in the P/M cell ratio in diurnal primates may result from increased developmental neuron loss in the M‐cell population as it competes for limited termination zones in primary visual cortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:1839–1857, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
136.
de Oliveira AC Andreotti S Farias Tda S Torres-Leal FL de Proença AR Campaña AB de Souza AH Sertié RA Carpinelli AR Cipolla-Neto J Lima FB 《Endocrinology》2012,153(5):2178-2188
Diabetes mellitus is a product of low insulin sensibility and pancreatic β-cell insufficiency. Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes during the neonatal period by the fifth day of age develop the classic diabetic picture of hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, polyuria, and polydipsia aggravated by insulin resistance in adulthood. In this study, we investigated whether the effect of long-term treatment with melatonin can improve insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders in these animals. At the fourth week of age, diabetic animals started an 8-wk treatment with melatonin (1 mg/kg body weight) in the drinking water at night. Animals were then killing, and the sc, epididymal (EP), and retroperitoneal (RP) fat pads were excised, weighed, and processed for adipocyte isolation for morphometric analysis as well as for measuring glucose uptake, oxidation, and incorporation of glucose into lipids. Blood samples were collected for biochemical assays. Melatonin treatment reduced hyperglycemia, polydipsia, and polyphagia as well as improved insulin resistance as demonstrated by constant glucose disappearance rate and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance. However, melatonin treatment was unable to recover body weight deficiency, fat mass, and adipocyte size of diabetic animals. Adiponectin and fructosamine levels were completely recovered by melatonin, whereas neither plasma insulin level nor insulin secretion capacity was improved in diabetic animals. Furthermore, melatonin caused a marked delay in the sexual development, leaving genital structures smaller than those of nontreated diabetic animals. Melatonin treatment improved the responsiveness of adipocytes to insulin in diabetic animals measured by tests of glucose uptake (sc, EP, and RP), glucose oxidation, and incorporation of glucose into lipids (EP and RP), an effect that seems partially related to an increased expression of insulin receptor substrate 1, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and fatty acid synthase. In conclusion, melatonin treatment was capable of ameliorating the metabolic abnormalities in this particular diabetes model, including insulin resistance and promoting a better long-term glycemic control. 相似文献
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Lima NA Vasconcelos CC Filgueira PH Kretzmann M Sindeaux TA Feitosa Neto B Silva Junior GB Daher EF 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2012,54(1):57-60
Tuberculosis (TB) is a current public health problem, remaining the most common worldwide cause of mortality from infectious disease. Recent studies indicate that genitourinary TB is the third most common form of extra-pulmonary disease. The diagnosis of renal TB can be hypothesized in a non-specific bacterial cystitis associated with a therapeutic failure or a urinalysis with a persistent leukocyturia in the absence of bacteriuria. We report on the case of a 33-year-old man who presented on admission end stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to renal TB and a past history of pulmonary TB with important radiologic findings. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings despite all cultures being negative. Empiric treatment with tuberculostatic drugs was started and the patient became stable. He was discharged with no symptom, but without renal function recovery. He is on maintenance hemodialysis three times a week. TB is an important cause of kidney disease and can lead to irreversible renal function loss. 相似文献
139.
MA Lima A Aversa P Maranhão-Filho GA Lima A Curi CA Schmaltz FM Santanna 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2012,54(4):229-230
Brain tuberculomas account for 10-20% of space occupying brain lesions in developing countries. Most lesions are observed at time of tuberculosis diagnosis or soon after starting treatment. We herein describe a 32 year-old patient with a 14-month history of headache and progressive visual loss. Her past medical history revealed pulmonary tuberculosis treated eight years before. A brain MRI showed a T1- and T2-weighted isointense contrast-enhancing lesion in the optic chiasm. A presumptive diagnosis of optochiasmatic tuberculoma was made and isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol were started. Despite treatment, the patient evolved to blindness. The prompt recognition of this condition is extremely important since the presence of optochiasmal enhancement is associated with blindness in patients with tuberculosis. 相似文献
140.