Autologous rectal mucosal grafts on the conjunctiva of healthy rabbits

We evaluated the feasibility and viability of 10×5 mm autologous rectal mucosal grafts on the superior bulbar conjuctival surface of 25 albino rabbits. After enucleation, histopathological studies revealed a mean goblet cell count of 190 cells per ×400 field and squamous cell metaplasia did not exceed 20%. Rectal mucosa transplantation into the conjuctiva of healthy rabbit’s eyes is possible. The authors have stated that they do not have a significant financial interest or other relationship with any product manufacturer or provider of services discussed in this article. The authors also do not discuss the use of off-label products, which includes unlabeled, unapproved, or investigative products or devices.     

生存质量测定及其在眼科学中的应用

生存质量测定作为一种较全面的体现新的健康观念和医学模式的评价体系已在医学领域得到了广泛的应用，并已经引入了眼科领域，是传统视功能评价方法的有益补充。对生存质量的基本概念、生存质量测定的方法和常用生存质量测定量表以及生存质量在眼科学中的应用、研究进展和前景等方面进行了介绍和综述。     

Saphenous vein graft bypass from the external carotid artery to the supraclinoid internal carotid artery to treat a giant aneurysm of the cavernous internal carotid: case report

Alternative surgical procedures to treat unclippable aneurysms of the intracavernous carotid artery include proximal vessel occlusion and trapping. Those techniques, even in patients with rich collateral vessels, are associated with risk of hemodynamic compromise and ischemic complications. Therefore, a safe treatment requires revascularization to maintain blood flow to the involved territories. We report the case of a 47-year-old female, with ischemic signs and symptoms and a right third nerve palsy caused by a giant aneurysm, partially trombosed, of the intracavernous carotid artery. The patient was submitted to trapping after a saphenous vein graft bypass from the external carotid artery to the supraclinoid internal carotid artery. The surgical result was good without complications.     

Rathke's pouch cysts: diagnosis and treatment

We studied retrospectively a series of four patients with Rathke pouch cysts and pointed out to their clinical presentation and treatment. They all occurred with female patients. Predominant symptoms were amenorrhea, headache and visual disorders. We present a revision of the literature concerning various series of Rathke's pouch cysts. We conclude that surgery is the best therapeutical procedure and transsphenoidal approach is the best surgical technique.     

Effects of β-Naphthoflavone on the Levels of Glutathione S-Transferase from Liver of Pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus

Received: 29 September 1999/Accepted: 30 November 1999     

Differential mortality between metropolitan areas of Brazil, 1985-1995

OBJECTIVE: To analyze differential changes of rates and stratification of mortality by gender and causes of death in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte (RMBH) and Salvador (RMS) between 1985 and 1995. METHODS: The Ministry of Health's Mortality Information System (SIM) provides data on death causes by age and sex that was used for this study. The groups of death causes were classified according to two major groups (preventable and non-preventable) and the decomposition method presented by Pollard was applied to analyze the contribution of each group of death causes in the changes in life expectation. RESULTS: There have been changes in the pace of the current mortality rate decline in RMBH and RMS, which have resulted in a reduction in the differences between the mortality rates in both areas. In both areas there was a substantial reduction in the mortality rates in the group of preventable causes, especially among women. CONCLUSIONS: There is still a structure of death causes, which seems to indicate that the improvement in mortality among the poor has been lower than it was expected.     

Epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Data was drawn from a study on the epidemiological trends of tuberculosis among children of Rio de Janeiro county, Brazil. There was an increased incidence of tuberculosis among children and epidemiological health indicators were above the national average.