A sewing needle in the liver in children: A case report and literature review

Rationale:In clinical practice, foreign bodies (FBs) in the digestive tract are more common in children, but intrahepatic FBs are rare, especially those that can cause infection, bleeding, bile leakage, and other complications. However, there is no consensus on its diagnosis and treatment due to the lack of large-scale cohort studies.Patient concerns:Case 1 is a 4-years 8-months-old girl, who at the age of 10 months, showed an X-ray finding of a striped FB in her liver, with no symptoms. However, the patient’s parents refused surgery. After nearly 4 years of active surveillance, the patient visited our hospital for surgery. Case 2, a 2-year-old male, reported a sewing needle that completely pierced into the right upper abdomen due to an accidental fall that took place half-a-day before admission. He only had right upper abdominal pain. CT showed a striped FB in the liver.Diagnosis:FB in the liver (sewing needle).Interventions:Both the patients were injected with human tetanus immunoglobulin and underwent surgical removal.Outcomes:Both patients recovered smoothly and had no complications during follow-up.Lessons:Active surveillance might be considered for cases with no symptoms or complications and no displacement of the FB, but surgery should be the first choice. If the patient’s condition is complicated, it is recommended to use ultrasound or X-ray to help decision-making during the operation. Additionally, tetanus, child safety, and family education are important supportive measures.     

Association of AGTR1 gene methylation and its genetic variant in Chinese farmer with hypertension: A case-control study

The objective was to determine the potential associations of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) gene polymorphism, methylation, and lipid metabolism in Chinese farmers with hypertension.A case-control study was conducted in Wuzhi county of Henan province in China in 2013 to 2014. A total of 1034 local residents (35–74 years, 386 hypertensive cases, and 648 normotensive subjects) were enrolled in this study. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein were measured using automatic chemistry analyzer. The AGTR1 gene promoter methylation level was measured using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction method. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs275653 was genotyped with TaqMan probe assay at an applied biosystems platform.The gender, body mass index (BMI), TG, TC, and family history of hypertension in the hypertension group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < .05). No significant difference was observed in the distribution of AGTR1 rs275653 polymorphism in the hypertension and controls (P > .05). The AGTR1 gene methylation in subjects carrying different genotypes was not significantly observed (P > .05). The logistic regression analysis found the AGTR1 gene methylation level was negative correlation with hypertension in the present study (odds ratio, 0.946, 95% confidence interval, 0.896–0.999) through adjusting for age, gender, BMI, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, fruit and vegetable intake, pickles intake, and family history of hypertension.The association of AGTR1 gene hypomethylation and essential hypertension was observed in Chinese farmers; no significant difference was observed in the distribution of AGTR1 rs275653 polymorphism.     

Prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia among elderly individuals with hypertension

PurposeSarcopenia is a major health problem in community-dwelling elderly individuals. Hypertension is postulated to aggravate sarcopenia. The present study was performed to estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia among elderly individuals with hypertension.MethodsThis study involved 165 Chinese individuals with hypertension aged ≥60 years who were evaluated for sarcopenia using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. Data on their sociodemographic information, physical illnesses, and clinical and functional status were collected.ResultsThe overall prevalence of sarcopenia among elderly individuals with hypertension was 20.2%. The factors significantly associated with sarcopenia were an age of ≥70 years (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 3.01; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17–5.39), diabetes (OR, 4.45; 95% CI, 1.32–11.16), osteoporosis (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.13–5.37), drinking (OR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.26–7.85), and a body mass index of 24.0 to 27.9 kg/m² (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59–0.91).ConclusionsThis study revealed a very high prevalence of sarcopenia among elderly individuals with hypertension (20.2%). Sarcopenia may be associated with advanced age, drinking, diabetes, the body mass index, and osteoporosis. The longitudinal relationship between clinic visits and sarcopenia should be further evaluated.     

Anisomycin induces glioma cell death via down-regulation of PP2A catalytic subunit in vitro

Aim:

To examine the effects of anisomycin on glioma cells and the related mechanisms in vitro.

Methods:

The U251 and U87 human glioblastoma cell lines were tested. The growth of the cells was analyzed using a CCK-8 cell viability assay. Apoptosis was detected using a flow cytometry assay. The expression of proteins and phosphorylated kinases was detected using Western blotting.

Results:

Treatment of U251 and U87 cells with anisomycin (0.01–8 μmol/L) inhibited the cell growth in time- and concentration-dependent manners (the IC₅₀ values at 48 h were 0.233±0.021 and 0.192±0.018 μmol/L, respectively). Anisomycin (4 μmol/L) caused 21.5%±2.2% and 25.3%±3.1% of apoptosis proportion, respectively, in U251 and U87 cells. In the two cell lines, anisomycin (4 μmol/L) activated p38 MAPK and JNK, and inactivated ERK1/2. However, neither the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 (10 μmol/L) nor the JNK inhibitor SP600125 (10 μmol/L) prevented anisomycin-induced cell death. On the other hand, anisomycin (4 μmol/L) reduced the level of PP2A/C subunit (catalytic subunit) in a time-dependent manner in the two cell lines. Treatment of the two cell lines with the PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid (100 nmol/L) caused marked cell death.

Conclusion:

Anisomycin induces glioma cell death via down-regulation of PP2A catalytic subunit. The regulation of PP2A/C exression by anisomycin provides a clue to further study on its role in glioma therapy.     

中性粒细胞相关载脂蛋白表达与胃癌进展、转移及预后的关系

目的:探讨中性粒细胞相关载脂蛋白(NGAL)在胃癌组织中的表达及与胃癌进展、转移及预后的关系.方法:应用免疫组化法检测NGAL在102例胃癌、32例正常胃组织中的表达,分析其与胃癌临床病理特征及预后的关系.结果:NGAL在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为56.9%,明显高于在正常胃组织中的21.9%(χ2>=11.938,P<0.01),不同胃癌组织学分型患者NGAL阳性表达差异有统计学意义(χ=10.180,P<0.05),胃癌患者NGAL表达与浆膜侵犯、TNM分期、淋巴结转移以及T分期呈正相关(r,分别为0.307、0.211、0.220、0.201,P<0.05或P<0.01). NGAL表达阳性组和阴性组5年累积生存率分别为24.3%和43.7%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.018).结论:NGAL在胃癌中表达上调,与胃癌进展和淋巴结转移显著相关,提示预后不良,可作为评价胃癌预后新的生物学指标.     

阿莫西林颗粒治疗小儿感染性疾病1983例

目的:评价阿莫西林颗粒(再林)对小儿感染性疾病的疗效及安全性.方法:采用随机对照开放试验,试验组1 983例,口服阿莫西林颗粒40～80mg·kg-1,tid;对照组693例,口服头孢拉定干混悬剂6.25～12.5mg·kg-1,tid,疗程7～14d.结果:试验组痊愈率和总有效率分别为69.49%和91.88%,优于对照组的35.93%和60.46%(P＜0.05);细菌清除率试验组96.67%,对照组83.33%,2组比较差异有极显著性(P＜0.01);不良反应发生率试验组1.46%,对照组4.91%,差异有极显著性(P＜0.01).结论:阿莫西林颗粒治疗儿科感染性疾病疗效较好,在服药前需详细询问青霉素及其他药物过敏史,首剂应在医护人员密切观察下服药.     

SFE-CGC法测定七宝美髯胶囊中补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的含量

目的 建立中成药七宝美髯胶囊中有效成分补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的含量测定方法。方法 采用超临界流体萃取(SFE)技术和毛细管气相色谱(CGC)非在线联用技术测定补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的含量,HP-5毛细管柱,FID检测器,蒽为内标。结果 SFE-CGC法测定七宝美髯胶囊中补骨脂素和异补骨脂素简便快速,结果准确可靠,加样回收率分别为97,76％(RSD2.31％),101.21％(RSD2.12％)。结论 SFE-CGC法可以作为七宝美髯颗粒质量控制的方法之一。     

路由监控分析系统的设计和实现

BGP和OSPF是目前网络中普遍使用的域间和域内路由协议,路由协议的运行状态直接影响网络性能.本文设计和实现了一个通用的路由监控分析系统,能实时收集路由信息,自动生成域间域内拓扑,提供历史拓扑信息的浏览和重放、拓扑图的比较、路由信息的解析和统计等功能,并能够分析路由收敛和稳定性,从而辅助网管人员掌握网络路由系统实时运行状况,做出相应的管理决策.     

Increasing nodal vulnerability and nodal efficiency implied recovery time prolonging in patients with supplementary motor area syndrome

Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is a surgery‐related complication that commonly occurs after removing SMA glioma, and needs weeks to recover. However, susceptible factors of patients suffering from SMA syndrome remain unknown. Graphic theory was applied to reveal topological properties of sensorimotor network (SMN) by processing resting‐state functional magnetic resonance images in 66 patients with SMA gliomas. Patients were classified into SMA and non‐SMA groups based on whether they suffered from SMA syndrome. We collected recovery time and used causal mediation analysis to find association between topological properties and recovery time. Compared with the non‐SMA group, higher vulnerability (left: p = .0018; right: p = .0033) and lower fault tolerance (left: p = .0022; right: p = .0248) of the whole SMN were found in the SMA group. Moreover, higher nodal properties of lesional‐hemispheric cingulate cortex (nodal efficiency: left, p = .0389; right, p = .0169; nodal vulnerability: left, p = .0185; right, p = .0085) and upper limb region of primary motor cortex (PMC; nodal efficiency: left, p = .0132; right, p = .0001; nodal vulnerability: left, p = .0091; right, p = .0209) were found in the SMA group. Nodal efficiency and nodal vulnerability of cingulate cortex and upper limb region of PMC were important predictors for SMA syndrome occurring and recovery time prolonging. Neurosurgeons should carefully deal with upper limb region of PMC and cingulate cortex, and protect them if these two region were unnecessary to damage during SMA glioma resection.     

Numerical Analysis of Microcrack Propagation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Serrated Structural Plane

The serrated structural plane is the basic unit of structural plane morphology. However, the understanding of its internal stress distribution, failure mode and crack evolution law was not clear enough in previous studies. In this paper, the shear mechanical properties of the serrated structural planes were studied by numerical simulation, and the crack evolution law of the serrated structural planes and the effects of four microscopic parameters on the shear properties were analyzed. The results show that: (1) the number of microcracks increases with the increase in normal stress; the crack expansion rate is slow before the shear stress reaches the peak. After the shear stress reaches the peak, the crack expansion rate continues to increase, and the microcracks keep sprouting and expanding, and the number of microcracks tends to stabilize when the shear stress reaches the residual shear strength. (2) The particle contact stiffness ratio kn∗/ks∗ and parallel bond stiffness ratio kn/ks were negatively correlated with the shear strength; and the particle contact modulus E and parallel bond modulus E∗ were positively correlated with the shear strength. As the particle contact modulus E and parallel bond modulus E∗ increase, the peak shear displacement gradually decreases. The parallel bond stiffness ratio kn/ks has a negative correlation with the peak shear displacement. This study is expected to provide theoretical guidance for the microscopic parameter calibration and shear mechanical analysis of serrated structural planes. (3) Several XGBoost, WOA-XGBoost, and PSO-XGBoost algorithms are introduced to construct the quantitative prediction model, and the comparative analysis found that WOA-XGBoost has the best fitting effect and can be used for the prediction of shear strength. When using this model to calculate the weight shares of micro-parameters, it was found that kn∗/ks∗ has the greatest influence on shear strength, followed by E∗; E and kn/ks had the least influence.