HPLC法测定双黄连(冻干)中连翘苷的含量

目的建立双黄连(冻干)中连翘苷含量测定的方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法。色谱条件:kromasilC18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm);0.1%冰醋酸乙腈-0.1%冰醋酸水(25∶75)为流动相;检测波长为277nm。结果连翘苷色谱峰与其它色谱峰分离良好,进样量在0.1～1.2μg范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为99.77%,RSD=2.79%(n=6)。结论本法简便快捷,结果可靠,适于测定双黄连(冻干)中连翘苷的含量。     

Effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) and its metabolites on fatty acid homeostasis regulating proteins in rat placental HRP-1 trophoblast cells.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used plasticizer and ubiquitous environmental contaminant. The potential health hazards, including teratogenicity, from exposure to DEHP may be related to the role of DEHP or its metabolites in the trans-activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Fetal essential fatty acid (EFA) homeostasis is controlled by directional transfer across the placenta through a highly regulated process, including PPAR activation. Using HRP-1 rat trophoblastic cells, the effects of DEHP and two of its metabolites, mono-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (MEHP) and 2-ethylhexanoic acid (EHA), on the mRNA and protein expression of the three known PPAR isoforms (alpha, beta, and gamma), fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1), plasma membrane fatty acid binding protein (FABPpm), and the heart cytoplasmic fatty acid binding protein (HFABP) were investigated. This study also investigated the functional effects of exposure on the uptake and transport of six long chain fatty acids (LCFAs): arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), oleic acid (OA), and stearic acid (SA). In the presence of DEHP, MEHP, and EHA, the expression of PPARalpha, PPARgamma, FATP1, and HFABP were up-regulated in a dose- and time- dependent manner, while PPARbeta and FABPpm demonstrated variable expression. The uptake rates of EFAs (AA, DHA, LA, ALA) increased significantly upon exposure, and the transport of AA (omega-6) and DHA (omega-3) were directionally induced. These results suggest that DEHP, MEHP, and EHA can influence EFA transfer across HRP-1 cells, implying that these compounds may alter placental EFA homeostasis and potentially result in abnormal fetal development.     

三七总皂苷抗心肌肥大的作用与其影响神经体液因素的关系

目的:通过研究三七总皂苷(Panax notoginseng saponins,PNS)对大鼠整体和离体模型心肌肥大的影响,探讨PNS对心肌肥大的作用机制。方法:用腹主动脉缩窄法建立大鼠整体心肌肥大模型,PNS腹腔注射给药,持续3周后,测大鼠收缩压(SBP)、全心重量/体重(HW/BW)、左室重量指数(LVI)、左室心肌纤维直径(MD);用去甲肾上腺素(NE)诱导培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞制作离体心肌肥大模型,给PNS72h后,测定细胞表面积和蛋白质含量。结果:PNS浓度依赖性地抑制腹主动脉缩窄大鼠HW/BW,LVI,MD的增加,但不能显著降低大鼠SBP;0.1-0.5g·L^-1PNS可显著抑制NE诱导的心肌细胞表面积和蛋白质含量的增加,P<0.01。结论:PNS能抑制大鼠整体和离体2种模型心肌肥大,其作用机制不是通过降低压力负荷.而是与拮抗神经体液因素NE的作用有关。     

樱桃花青素对佐剂性关节炎大鼠自由基和炎症因子的影响

目的:观察樱桃花青素对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠自由基和抗氧化功能以及炎症因子的影响.方法:将50只SD雄性大鼠随机分为5组即正常组、模型组、樱桃花青素高、中、低剂量组.对足爪肿胀进行测量,在光镜下观察各组组织形态学变化,用比色法检测了动物外周全血的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性、血清超氧化物酶(SOD)活性、血清丙二醛(MDA)含量以及血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC).用ELISA检测血清中TNF-α含量,用放射免疫法检测了足爪PGE2含量.结果:模型组和正常组相比GSH-PX,SOD活性和T-AOC能力下降,血清MDA含量升高,血清中TNF-α和足爪PGE2含量升高.樱桃花青素组能升高GSH-PX,SOD和T-AOC活力,降低血清MDA,TNF-α以及足爪PGE2含量.光镜下组织形态观察表明樱桃花青素各组能不同程度减轻滑膜增生,减少炎细胞浸润.结论:樱桃花青素能增强AA抗氧化能力,并能降低炎症细胞因子PGE2和TNF-α,从而减轻AA模型的关节炎损伤.     

HPLC测定苏杏胶囊中盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱的含量

目的:对苏杏胶囊(麻黄、苦杏仁,紫苏子等)中麻黄所含主要化学成分盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱进行含量测定.方法:采用高效液相法,色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX Extend C18柱(250mm ×4.6 mm,5μm);乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液(5:95)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长为210 nm.结果:方法学考察结果表明,本研究建立的分析方法有较好的重现性和稳定性;测定方法的平均回收率:盐酸麻黄碱为99.65%(RSD=1.6%),盐酸伪麻黄碱为98.90%(RSD=2.3%).结论:该方法简便、快速、准确,可用于苏杏胶囊的质量控制.     

Evaluation of combined fibroblast growth factor-2 and moderate hypothermia therapy in traumatically brain injured rats

Both the exogenous administration of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) or the induction of moderate hypothermia have been shown to attenuate histopathology and improve functional outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Since combined therapeutic strategies may be more beneficial than single therapies, we examined the potential synergistic effect of FGF-2 combined with moderate hypothermia treatment induced 10 min after TBI on functional and histological outcome following controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to one sham and four CCI treatment groups: Sham+vehicle (VEH); FGF-2 (45 microg/kg/h for 3 h i.v.)+Normothermia (37+/-0.5 degrees C); FGF-2+Hypothermia (32+/-0.5 degrees C for 3 h); VEH+Norm; VEH+Hypo. Vestibulomotor performance on the beam balance and beam-walk (BW) tasks on post-operative days 1-5 and spatial memory acquisition in the Morris water maze (MWM) on days 14-18 were assessed. After 4 weeks survival, histological evaluations (CA(1) and CA(3) cell counts and lesion volume) were performed. MWM performance improved in all treatment groups, but combined treatment was not more efficacious than either alone. The FGF-2+Hypo group performed significantly better than the other injured treatment groups in the BW task. Lastly, no significant group differences in beam balance or histological outcome were observed. These data suggest a suboptimal and incomplete synergy of combined FGF-2 and hypothermia treatment. These data may indicate that either our dose of FGF-2 or combination therapy was not optimized in our model.     

维生素A干预对大鼠抗氧化能力及细胞膜流动性影响的研究

目的　通过对大鼠补充不同剂量维生素A(VA)观察机体抗氧化能力及对红细胞膜流动性的影响 ,了解抗氧化活性的最佳剂量。方法　将Wistar大鼠随机分为 4组 ,分别为维生素A缺乏组 (VA1组 )补充1 1 4 3(VA2组 )、4 2 86 (VA3组 )和 1 4 2 86 μgRE·kg- 1 ·d- 1 (VA4组 )维生素A三个剂量组。测定各组大鼠血浆VA含量、SOD、MDA和GSH Px的含量和活性 ,用荧光偏振度P值和微粘度 η值评价红细胞膜的流动性。 结果　各组血浆中VA水平随补充剂量的增加而增加。血浆中SOD、GSH -Px和MDA的结果显示 ,补充剂量为VA2、VA3组SOD的水平较VA缺乏组和VA4组明显偏低 (P <0 0 1 )。VA3组的MDA较其它 3个剂量组明显下降 (P <0 0 1 )。VA4组的SOD、MDA含量明显高于其它三个剂量组 (P <0 0 1 )。VA3组血浆中GSH -Px的活性明显升高 ,P <0 0 1。细胞膜流动性的结果显示 :VA3组P值最小 (P <0 0 1 ) ;VA4组P值明显增高 (P<0 0 1 )。微粘度 η在VA3组与VA缺乏组和VA2组之间未见明显差异 ,与VA4组相比明显下降 (P <0 0 1 )。结论　维生素A补充剂量为 4 2 86 μgRE·kg- 1 ·d- 1 时 ,能够发挥较好抗氧化作用 ,红细胞膜的流动性明显增加 ,过量摄入维生素A可造成机体的中毒反应 ,增加机体的氧化损伤     

缺锌大鼠海马胆囊收缩素和一氧化氮合酶阳性细胞数目的变化

目的　观察缺锌对海马胆囊收缩素 (CCK)和一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)阳性细胞数的影响及其与动物行为变化的关系 ,研究缺锌对学习记忆影响的机制。方法　通过管饲低锌液体饲料复制缺锌大鼠模型。二周后 ,使用Y 迷宫实验检测动物学习记忆能力 ;采用ABC免疫组化法和NADPH d组化检测海马各区CCK和NOS阳性细胞数目。结果　与对照组相比 ,缺锌大鼠学习记忆能力明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ;缺锌大鼠血清锌水平明显降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但海马锌含量未见明显改变 ;缺锌大鼠海马CA1区和CA3区CCK和NOS阳性细胞数目均明显减少。结论　缺锌导致海马CA1和CA3区CCK和NOS阳性细胞数目减少可能是缺锌影响脑学习记忆功能的重要机制之一     

1992～2001年食源性疾病暴发资料分析——国家食源性疾病监测网

目的　了解国家食源性疾病监测网覆盖地区人群食源性疾病爆发的发生状况。方法　对 13个监测地区 1992～ 2 0 0 1年食源性疾病爆发上报资料进行回顾性分析。结果　十年间共上报 5 770件食源性疾病暴发事件 ,涉及的患者人数达 16 2 995人。微生物引起的食源性疾病事件和涉及人数最多 ,分别占总体的38 5 %和 5 0 9%。副溶血性弧菌 (31 1% )是主要的病因物质。化学物引起的食源性疾病事件和涉及人数分别占总体的 37 5 %和 2 8 6 %。结论　应不断加强完善我国食源性疾病监测网络的建设。     

上海市伤害现状及其社区防制策略

随着疾病谱的改变，伤害严重威胁着上海市民的健康和生命质量，不仅使个人身心痛苦，也造成巨大的家庭负担、医疗支出和社会代价，已经成为21世纪上海一个重要的公共卫生问题。由于各国或各地区的经济发展水平和文化背景的差异，存在着不同的伤害防制策略的选择。伤害的有效干预和控制过程是一项涉及多学科协作、多部门参与的社会系统工程。上海作为国际化大都市，积极提倡和推行安全社区，与国际接轨，是防制伤害的一个有效选择。本文结合对上海市伤害谱的描述，对社区伤害防制的原则、策略的选择进行了探讨。