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991.
Journal of Neurology - Abnormal sensory discriminatory processing has been implicated as an endophenotypic marker of isolated dystonia. However, the extent of alterations across the different... 相似文献
992.
993.
Objective
in Sweden, acupuncture education is required before midwives can use the method in clinical practice. Courses in acupuncture are usually organised by private individuals or companies, and each health facility decides on the adequacy of the educational package. Therefore, there is no overall standard or quality control for free-standing courses of acupuncture education for midwives. The aim of this study was to survey the education given to Swedish midwives in the use of acupuncture treatment in the obstetric area.Design
a postal survey using a structured questionnaire.Setting
organisers of acupuncture education.Participants
18 acupuncture instructors.Measurements and findings
acupuncture courses were usually organised outside universities and colleges. The courses were similar in terms of extent and content, and were mainly based on a Western medical approach. The recommended indications were extensive despite a lack of scientific evidence. The most common instructor profile was a midwife without any academic degree.Key conclusions and implications for practice
courses differed considerably in the extent to which they were research based. Continuing professional education for midwives should be given at the same academic level, at least, as basic midwifery education. 相似文献994.
Objective
the concept empowerment is difficult to understand, define and translate into different contexts. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to analyze the empowerment concept in the midwifery context, focused on the childbearing period, aimed at clarifying its meaning in order to enable comprehension and use in clinical practice, education and research.Design
semi structured interviews and written text.Setting
prenatal clinics, delivery and maternity wards in western Sweden.Participants
nine midwives and 12 couples.Measurements and findings
a concept analysis was undertaken according to the hybrid model which consists of the theoretical, fieldwork and analytical phases. After a literature review, the concept was empirically elucidated in the fieldwork phase. The final step was to describe criteria and attributes, illustrative cases, antecedents and consequences of the concept. The following tentative criteria and attributes of empowerment in the midwifery context are described: developing a trustful relationship; starting an awareness process, making it possible to reflect on the changing situation; acting based on the parents' situation on their own terms, getting them involved and able to make informed choices; confirming the personal significance of becoming parents. Finally, empowerment in the midwifery context was redefined.Key conclusion
midwives use empowerment in education and research as well as strategies on both the micro and macro levels in practice.Implications for practice
empirical findings from the concept analysis confirm the concept's relevance in the midwifery context. 相似文献995.
Objective
it is not known how acupuncture is used in midwifery care in Sweden and what kind of requirements health-care providers have for midwives and acupuncture training programmes. The aims of this study were to survey indications for the use of acupuncture in midwifery care in Sweden, and to examine the criteria and requirements used for purchase of acupuncture education programmes.Design
a postal survey using a structured questionnaire.Setting
45 maternity units in Sweden.Participants
the midwife-in-charge of the units.Measurements and findings
the most common indications for the use of acupuncture were relaxation, pain relief, retained placenta, after pains, milk stasis during lactation, hyperemesis and pelvic instability. Specific requirement for acupuncture education were provision of a short course during weekdays including a follow-up course.Key conclusion
acupuncture is widely used for many indications in Swedish maternity units despite weak or no evidence to support effectiveness in midwifery care. Requirements for acupuncture education did not seem to be in accordance with what might be expected for this type of qualified intervention.Implications for practice
the use of acupuncture in midwifery care should not persist until systematic evaluation of the effect of this method is carried through. 相似文献996.
997.
Hudecova M Holte J Moby L Olovsson M Stridsberg M Larsson A Berglund L Berne C Sundström Poromaa I 《Fertility and sterility》2011,95(3):1146-1148
Thirty-four women with polycystic ovary syndrome who previously had participated in studies with intravenous glucose tolerance test and hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp between 1987 and 1995 underwent anthropometric, endocrine (T and sex-hormone binding globulin serum concentration), and metabolic (intravenous glucose tolerance test, hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp, and androgens) measurements. Free androgen levels and β-cell function decreased over time in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but insulin sensitivity remained unaltered. 相似文献
998.
999.
Keokedthong Phongsavan Alongkone Phengsavanh Lena Marions 《International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics》2011,114(3):268-272