全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9958篇 |
免费 | 781篇 |
国内免费 | 108篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 93篇 |
儿科学 | 376篇 |
妇产科学 | 329篇 |
基础医学 | 1319篇 |
口腔科学 | 112篇 |
临床医学 | 958篇 |
内科学 | 2522篇 |
皮肤病学 | 71篇 |
神经病学 | 477篇 |
特种医学 | 370篇 |
外科学 | 1632篇 |
综合类 | 272篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 641篇 |
眼科学 | 108篇 |
药学 | 733篇 |
中国医学 | 88篇 |
肿瘤学 | 744篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 62篇 |
2022年 | 61篇 |
2021年 | 211篇 |
2020年 | 133篇 |
2019年 | 198篇 |
2018年 | 258篇 |
2017年 | 183篇 |
2016年 | 201篇 |
2015年 | 236篇 |
2014年 | 317篇 |
2013年 | 375篇 |
2012年 | 553篇 |
2011年 | 602篇 |
2010年 | 353篇 |
2009年 | 355篇 |
2008年 | 487篇 |
2007年 | 566篇 |
2006年 | 514篇 |
2005年 | 511篇 |
2004年 | 477篇 |
2003年 | 402篇 |
2002年 | 375篇 |
2001年 | 379篇 |
2000年 | 343篇 |
1999年 | 308篇 |
1998年 | 141篇 |
1997年 | 177篇 |
1996年 | 144篇 |
1995年 | 121篇 |
1994年 | 96篇 |
1993年 | 62篇 |
1992年 | 172篇 |
1991年 | 146篇 |
1990年 | 138篇 |
1989年 | 136篇 |
1988年 | 134篇 |
1987年 | 120篇 |
1986年 | 99篇 |
1985年 | 75篇 |
1984年 | 58篇 |
1983年 | 66篇 |
1982年 | 52篇 |
1981年 | 34篇 |
1980年 | 35篇 |
1979年 | 66篇 |
1978年 | 37篇 |
1977年 | 40篇 |
1976年 | 34篇 |
1974年 | 27篇 |
1973年 | 31篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
91.
Chloe Miu Mak Ching-Wan Lam Sidney Tam Ching-Lung Lai Lik-Yuen Chan Sheung-Tat Fan Yu-Lung Lau Sik-To Lai Patrick Yuen Joannie Hui Chun-Cheung Fu Ka-Sing Wong Wing-Lai Mak Kong Tze Sui-Fan Tong Abby Lau Nancy Leung Aric Hui Ka-Ming Cheung Chun-Hung Ko Yiu-Ki Chan Oliver Ma Tai-Nin Chau Alexander Chiu Yan-Wo Chan 《Journal of human genetics》2008,53(4):375-375
92.
Paraffin-section immunohistochemical analysis was performed using a monoclonal antibody against CD163 to evaluate the antibody's usefulness in identifying cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage in normal and neoplastic conditions. Normal human tissue samples and samples from 211 hematopoietic disorders and 115 nonhematopoietic neoplasms were examined. The distribution of KP1 and PG-M1, monoclonal antibodies to the macrophage-associated CD68 antigen, also were evaluated for comparison. CD163 immunoreactivity was observed in resident macrophages of all normal tissue samples except splenic white pulp macrophages and germinal center tingible body macrophages. Among hematopoietic disorders and nonhematopoietic neoplasms, CD163 expression was restricted largely to cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, histiocytic sarcoma, sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, and littoral cell angioma. Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) with monocytic differentiation were CD163- with the exception of 1 case of acute monoblastic leukemia. Most myeloid sarcomas also were CD163-. Compared with the CD68 antibodies, CD163 demonstrated greater specificity as a marker of disorders of monocyte/macrophage origin. However, immunohistochemical evaluation of CD163 expression does not seem to be a sensitive means of determining monocytic differentiation in AMLs in paraffin sections or establishing a diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma. 相似文献
93.
94.
95.
96.
Sifil A Bednarz D Larive B Garcia M Lau SM Paganini EP 《ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)》2003,49(6):667-672
The Harmonized Alert Sensing Technology (HASTE) device was developed to overcome the primary shortcomings of interval based noninvasive blood pressure (BP) monitoring. This study was conducted to assess the reliability of the HASTE system compared with standard cuff BP values in patients on hemodialysis. A total of 1,370 HASTE measurements were compared with oscillometric standard cuff systolic BP values in 42 sessions of 15 patients on hemodialysis. The average discrepancy between the HASTE and cuff systolic BP was 1.41 +/- 16.90 mm Hg. Compared with cuff measurements, 31% of systolic BP fell within a range of 5 mm Hg difference, 57% of systolic BP fell within 10 mm Hg, and 73% of systolic BP fell within a 15 mm Hg band. According to British Hypertension Society standards or Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation criteria, the current HASTE method did not perform well. Technology to provide noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring is, however, in its developmental stage. The effort at continuous systolic pressure monitoring using existing, readily available, and frequently used techniques is exciting. Although the HASTE system as currently configured and calibrated did not adequately perform, variations in site analysis and conversion factors may increase pressure sensitivity and tracking over the course of a standard dialysis treatment. 相似文献
97.
Gene amplifications have been observed in many different tumor cells, and many of these changes are related to tumor pathogenesis. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) using metaphase chromosomes can detect changes in chromosome copy number with a resolution of 10-20 Mb. Current advances in CGH analysis in a microarray format allow us to refine such changes down to the gene level. We applied microarray technology to detect novel gene amplification in a malignant mixed tumor of salivary gland. Besides detecting previously known gene amplifications (MDM2 and MYC), we identified four other highly amplified genes located at 8q11.2 approximately q13: MGC2177, PLAG1, PSMC6P, and LYN. The amplification was further validated with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. 相似文献
98.
Y chromosome deletions in azoospermic and severely oligozoospermic men undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection after testicular sperm extraction 总被引:11,自引:16,他引:11
Silber SJ; Alagappan R; Brown LG; Page DC 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(12):3332-3337
Y chromosome deletions encompassing the AZFc region have been reported in
13% of azoospermic men and 7% of severely oligozoospermic men. We examined
the impact of these Y deletions on the severity of testicular defects in 51
azoospermic men undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) after
testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and 30 men with severe oligozoospermia
undergoing ICSI after ejaculation of spermatozoa. In addition, five
azoospermic patients shown previously to have Y chromosome deletions
underwent histological evaluation of their previously obtained testis
biopsy specimens. A further 27 azoospermic men underwent TESE-ICSI, but not
Y chromosome DNA testing. Ten of 51 azoospermic men (20%) who underwent
TESE-ICSI and Y-DNA testing were found to be deleted for portions of the Y
chromosome AZFc region. Of these 10, five had spermatozoa retrievable from
the testis, and in two cases the wives became pregnant. Of the 41
azoospermic men with no Y chromosome deletion, 22 (54%) had spermatozoa
retrievable from the testis, and in 12 cases (29%) the wives became
pregnant. Four of 30 (13%) severely oligozoospermic patients were found to
be deleted for AZFc and in three (75%) of these pregnancy was achieved. The
other 26 severely oligozoospermic couples who had no AZFc deletions
underwent ICSI, and 12 (46%) have an ongoing or delivered pregnancy. The
embryo implantation rate was not significantly different for azoospermic
(22%), oligozoospermic (16%), Y-deleted (14%) or Y-intact (18%) men. Of the
total of 19 infertile men who had Y chromosome deletions, 14 had deletions
within Y chromosome intervals 6D-6F, in the AZFc region. Twelve of those 14
had some spermatozoa (however few in number) in the ejaculate or testis.
Five of the Y-deleted men had deletions that extended more proximally on
the Y chromosome, and in none of these could any spermatozoa be observed in
either ejaculate or testis. These results support the concept that, in
azoospermic or oligozoospermic men with Y chromosome deletions limited to
intervals 6D-6F (AZFc), there are generally very small numbers of
testicular or ejaculated spermatozoa. Larger Y deletions, including and
extending beyond the AZFc region and encompassing more Y genes, tend to be
associated with a total absence of testicular spermatozoa. In those cases
where spermatozoa were retrieved, the presence of Y deletions had no
obvious impact on fertilization or pregnancy rate.
相似文献
99.
Jin Y Kim HP Ifedigbo E Lau LF Choi AM 《American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology》2005,33(3):297-302
We have used gene expression profiling approaches to identify new molecular targets in various models of lung injury and human lung diseases. Among the many genes that are significantly induced in these studies, cysteine-rich61 (Cyr61) consistently ranks as one of the most significant genes. Here, we use the well-established model of hyperoxia to better understand the function of Cyr61 in acute lung injury. Cyr61, a stress-related immediate-early response gene, has known diverse functions involving angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and wound repair. It belongs to the newly discovered "CCN" family containing six growth and regulatory factors. We showed that hyperoxia induces Cyr61 expression in a variety of pulmonary cells and in lung tissue in vivo. Loss of function studies, by suppressing Cyr61 expression by siRNA, accelerated lung epithelial cell death after hyperoxia. Gain of function studies, by overexpressing Cyr61, significantly conferred increased resistance to hyperoxia-induced cell death. Moreover, cells overexpressing Cyr61 induce Akt activation. Inhibition of Akt by siRNA abrogated the protective effects of Cyr61-overexpressing cells in response to hyperoxia. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Cyr61 expression provides cytoprotection in hyperoxia-induced pulmonary epithelial cell death and that this effect was in part mediated via the Akt signaling pathway. 相似文献
100.
Use of total lymphocyte count and hemoglobin concentration for monitoring progression of HIV infection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lau B Gange SJ Phair JP Riddler SA Detels R Margolick JB 《Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)》2005,39(5):620-625
BACKGROUND: Prognostic markers for HIV monitoring are needed for resource-limited regions. Prior research has demonstrated rapid declines in total lymphocyte count (TLC) and hemoglobin levels before AIDS, but the prognostic accuracy of these declines has not been examined prospectively. METHODS: Longitudinal TLC and hemoglobin data from men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) before the introduction of potent HIV therapy were used to identify the first time when the TLC was 33% per year, and hemoglobin declined by >11.6% per year. The prognostic value of these declines for AIDS was evaluated by Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS: Rapid declines in TLC or hemoglobin were associated with progression to AIDS (relative hazard [RH]=4.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.23-6.86 for TLC; RH=5.55, 95% CI: 3.69-8.36 for hemoglobin). The World Health Organization criterion for initiating therapy, a TLC1200 cells/mm, a rapid decline in TLC or hemoglobin was strongly associated with progression to AIDS (RH=2.53, 95% CI: 1.56-4.10 for TLC; RH=5.28, 95% CI: 3.11-8.97 for hemoglobin). CONCLUSIONS: In the MACS, rapid declines in TLC or hemoglobin concentration indicated an increased likelihood of progression of HIV infection to AIDS. These results support the potential utility of these markers for monitoring HIV-infected people in resource-limited regions, but critical levels and rates of decline of markers for such regions remain to be defined. 相似文献