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51.
OBJECTIVE: Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are active in the detoxification of wide variety of endogenous or exogenous carcinogens. We examined the association of the GST gene polymorphism with sporadic bladder cancer patients in Northern India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study constituted of 106 bladder cancer cases and 370 age-matched controls. The GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes were identified by multiplex PCR and GSTP1313 A/G by Polymerase Chain Reaction/Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism method (PCR/RFLP). RESULTS: We observed non-significant association in null alleles of the GSTM1 (p = 0.611, OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.72-1.74 and GSTT1 (p = 0.135, OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.89-2.37) with risk of bladder cancer. However, the G/G genotype of the GSTP1 gene polymorphism was highly significant when compared to controls (p=0.000, OR = 7.12, 95% CI = 3.14-16.16). The combined analysis of the three risk genotypes demonstrated further increase in the risk of bladder cancer (p = 0.000, OR = 7.29 95% CI = 2.81-18.93). CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that GSTP1313 G/G polymorphism is a strong predisposing risk factor for bladder cancer. Combination of three GST genotypes association exhibiting gene-gene interaction further substantiates the increased risk of bladder cancer. 相似文献
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H. Kraut J. Kreysler Kanti Lal K. Mndeme H. Moshi U. Oltersdorf 《Ecology of food and nutrition》2013,52(4):231-242
The rehabilitative effects of a long‐term feeding trial in Tanzania with moderately undernourished children are reported. It lasted 88 weeks and involved 49 children. Food consisted of locally available cereals (maize), legumes (beans), and vegetables for 74 weeks, supplemented by animal protein for 14 weeks. Children stayed in a day‐care center for 6 days of the week, and were medically supervised and treated, if necessary. In addition to anthropometric measurements, biochemical tests were carried out at regular intervals, and previous diseases and vaccinations were ascertained. Forty‐one children grew faster than, and 6 about parallel to, the Baganda standard for the first 74 weeks. While for the former no growth acceleration was observed in the meat diet period (weeks 75–88), the latter group grew faster than the Baganda standard during that period. Methionine supplementation of the diet did not seem to produce any noticeable growth improvements. 相似文献
55.
Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are plasmid mediated enzymes capable of hydrolyzing penicillins, broad spectrum-cephalosporins and monobactams. The ESBL producing K. pneumoniae strains are being reported from around the world including India. The present study was taken up to evaluate the ESBL production and in-vitro susceptibility of K. pneumoniae isolates from a hospital. The bacterial isolates collected during 2003 included 51 K. pneumoniae biochemically confirmed isolates from 395 patients admitted in various wards of a major hospital in New Delhi. The isolates were from pus, wound, pleural fluid, urine and tracheal aspirate of patients attending respiratory, urology and burns wards. Antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out by Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion technique using NCCLS criteria. A screening of ESBL production was done by Double-disc synergy test (DDST) and using E-test ESBL strips. The frequency of resistance among K. pneumoniae for the cephalosporins (cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and cefepime) and non-cephalosporins (aztreonam, piperacillin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) were in the range of 39.2-88.0% and 51.0-90.2% respectively. 14 different antimicrobial resistance profiles were recognized ranging from resistance to only four (n=6, 11.7%) to as many as ten (n=9, 17.7%). Among the 51 isolates of K. pneumoniae strains, a total of 36 (70.6%) could be identified as ESBL producers, that correlates with the high frequency of multi-drug resistant K. pneumoniae The study shows alarming rise in ESBL production among K. pneumoniae strains and high rate of resistance to a wide range of cephalosporin and non-cephalosporin group of antimicrobials. 相似文献
56.
R Ruffy P Smith M Laseter R Lal S S Kim 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》1985,6(2):482-485
A 42 year old man who survived sudden cardiac death was treated with an automatic implantable cardioverter/defibrillator. After a 5 month symptom-free interval, the patient received two internal discharges in the conscious state while wearing an ambulatory electrocardiographic recorder. Analysis of the tape revealed that both discharges were activated by two bursts of polymorphous ventricular tachycardia, the first one occurring at the end and the second at the onset of episodes of slow, hemodynamically stable monomorphous ventricular tachycardia. This case illustrates the reliability of the automatic implantable cardioverter/defibrillator as an antiventricular tachycardia device and the problem posed by its exposure to nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. 相似文献
57.
Stroke is the third most common cause of death and the leading cause of disability in the United States. Management of identifiable risk factors and careful selection of patients for operative intervention constitute the current approach to reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with stroke. A carefully performed carotid endarterectomy (CEA), which has a low periprocedural complication rate, is the only form of mechanical cerebral revascularization for which definitive evidence of clinical effectiveness has been reported. Recently, retrospective case reports and case series have demonstrated the feasibility of carotid angioplasty and stenting as a possible alternative to CEA. In the tradition of the two previous National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored trials--the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) and Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS)--the National Institutes of Health has sponsored a clinical trial (CREST: Carotid Revascularization-Endarterectomy vs Stent Trial) that is currently under way to determine the efficacy and risks of carotid angioplasty and stenting compared with CEA. 相似文献
58.
BACKGROUND: Separately, electrophysiologic study (EPS) and placement of a transvenous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) can be performed safely in the majority of patients. The safety and potential cost savings of same-setting procedures have not been evaluated. HYPOTHESIS: Electrophysiologic study and placement of transvenous ICDs can be performed safely in the same setting at reduced cost. METHODS: In all. 160 (mean age 65 +/- 10 years, 75% men) and 41 (mean age 66 +/- 11 years, 73% men) consecutive patients who underwent same- versus separate-setting procedures, respectively, were prospectively evaluated. RESULTS: The two groups had similar clinical characteristics and indications for EPS and ICD therapy. Complications occurred in eight patients (5.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.3-10.3) who had same-setting procedures (one hypotension during ICD testing, one pocket hematoma, two lead dislodgments, two pneumothoraces, one stroke, and one infection) and in two (4.9%, CI 0.60-16.5) who had separate-setting procedures (one pocket hematoma and one infection). There were no procedure-related deaths or long-term ICD-related complications in either group. The mean time from ICD implantation to hospital discharge was similar in the two groups (2.5 +/- 2.4 vs. 2.7 +/- 2.2 days, p = NS). The combined procedure cost was higher in patients who had separate-setting procedures ($12,403 +/- 1,386 vs. $10,242 +/- 2.256, p = < 0.001). who incurred an additional hospital cost of $2,121 +/- $2,125 for the waiting period (1.7 +/- 1.6 days) between EPS and ICD implantation. CONCLUSIONS: In patients deemed candidates for ICD therapy based on EPS results, placement of transvenous defibrillators in the same setting as EPS is as safe as separate-setting procedures and, if adopted, could further reduce the cost of providing ICD therapy. 相似文献
59.
Mehtani Rohit Garg Shankey Kajal Kamal Soni Shiv Lal Premkumar Madhumita 《Metabolic brain disease》2022,37(5):1291-1307
Metabolic Brain Disease - Patients with liver disease often have alteration of neurological status which requires admission to an intensive care unit. Patients with acute liver failure (ALF),... 相似文献
60.
Phosphocholine (PC), an immunodominant molecule present on a wide range of organisms, including filariae, evokes antibody responses that lead to false-positive reactions in routine serological assays. Humans essentially do not respond to PC in the IgG4 subclass; therefore, by configuring an enzyme immunoassay to assess antibodies of the IgG4 subclass only, we were able to eliminate serological false-positive results in 32 of 34 cross-reactive sera from patients with non-filarial parasitic infections. Specificity was thus greatly enhanced with minimal loss of sensitivity. Because preadsorption of these cross-reactive sera to remove antibodies to PC eliminated only approximately 50% of the original cross-reactivity, other shared epitopes (perhaps similar to PC) are also likely to be restricted by IgG subclass. 相似文献