Mammography using an ultrahigh-strip-density, stationary, focused grid

A 1-mm-thick, stationary, ultrahigh-strip-density, focused grid was evaluated with respect to patient radiation dose and mammographic image quality as it affected the resolution of microcalcifications and masses. Radiographic technique was varied to determine the most useful alteration to improve image quality with the grid. Results from 89 patients demonstrated that no improvement in diagnostic ability was found in women with fatty breasts. As breast density increased, the advantage of the grid technique became more apparent. Grid mammography also often solved the problem of questionable microcalcifications with improved visualization of their number and geometry.     

Multiple spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging

Spin-echo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging detects a variety of pathologic states with great sensitivity. A technique for producing multiple spin-echo images in multisection operation is presented. This method of intensity-image acquisition is compared with retrospective intensity-image synthesis from routine data sets. Both yield long echo time (TE) images with similar image contrast and comparable and often increased diagnostic utility. Technical and clinical considerations are addressed, including signal-to-noise levels, flow effects, and patient throughput.     

Effectiveness of percutaneous intervention for patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease

Seven patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and single-vessel coronary artery disease underwent percutaneous revascularization of the coronary lesion in addition to alcohol septal ablation therapy for dynamic outflow tract obstruction. One year later, there was a significant reduction of dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and no clinical evidence of restenosis.     

High tibial osteotomy in young adults with constitutional tibia vara

Frontal plane malalignment of the lower extremity results in abnormal load distribution across the knee joint. Consequences of this increased stress may lead to compartmental osteoarthritis. High tibial osteotomy is well established for early osteoarthritis of the knee joint in middle-aged patients. We hypothesize that earlier realignment of the varus knee can be performed without undue risks and debilitation toward the young active patient and with good results in short-term follow-up. Open-wedge high tibia osteotomy using the Puddu plate was performed on eleven patients (19 knees) under 25 years of age for constitutional high tibia vara. The mechanical femorotibial angle (FTA) and Knee Society Knee Score (KSKS) were compared pre-operatively and 24 months post-operatively. The average FTA improved from +8.8 degrees (+5 – +16) to −0.1 (−2 – +5). The average KSKS improved from 74 (50–100) to 93 (60–100) and the function score improved from 84 (50–100) to 95 (60–100). Special concerns in this age group include unsightly cosmesis, and kneeling pain and discomfort. Open-wedge high tibia osteotomy provides a satisfactory solution for constitutional high tibia vara with minor morbidity on behalf of the patient in the short-term follow-up period.