头皮糠疹与巯氧吡啶锌

头皮糠疹是常见病是多发病,临床表现为头皮红斑和脱屑,提示皮损部位表皮结构和功能异常,头皮角质层代谢紊乱,最近对头皮糠疹病因和病理的研究证实马拉色菌,皮脂分泌和个体敏感性是形成上述皮损的3个关键因素,硫氧吡啶锌（PTZ或ZPT）可以有效地杀灭马拉色菌,PTZ的颗粒大小和形状对其在头皮的生物利用度有明显的影响。此外,PTZ的抗菌效果有赖于其分子结构的完整性,在外用制剂中加入附加的游离锌,可以有效防止PTZ解离,从而提高其疗效。     

深圳市东湖医院预防SARS感染的防护措施效果分析

目的：了解医务人员被严重急性呼吸道综合征(SARS)感染的危险因素以及医院消毒隔离防护等预防措施对控制SARS院内感染的效果。方法：对深圳东湖医院的一线SARS救治工作的医务人员进行访谈及行为因素问卷调查，并抽血送检SARS抗体。结果：(1)339名医务人员，其中一线接触患者医务人员168人，无一人发病。(2)一线医务人员118份血清标本，深圳市CDC检测60份全部阴性，我院检测118份均阴性。(3)病房严格划分医务人员通道及患者通道，设立二道间，病房通风良好。(4)全院97．2％医务人员服用了病毒唑，其次是达菲和抗病毒中成药，并一直间断使用。(5)医务人员在接触患者的过程几乎100％穿了隔离衣，戴1个一次性口罩加1个12层棉口罩和流水洗手。(6)100％的医务人员在工作期间内正常回家生活，大多数医务人员在下班回家前没有洗澡及更衣。结论：严格科学的消毒隔离方法，良好的病房结构及通风，药物性预防能有效控制SARS院内感染。     

前胡丙素与硝苯啶对大鼠工作心脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

大鼠ip前胡丙素(Pra-C 15 mg/kg,bid×3d)和硝苯啶(Nif 60μg/kg,bid×3d),使离体缺血再灌注工作心脏的收缩(AP,LVSP,+dP/dt_max)舒张(-dP/dt_max LVEDP和T值)性能在35min时得到改善,尤以舒张性能改善明显,并能促进CO,CF,SV及HR恢复,改善心脏工作效率,减少CK释放和心肌线粒体钙含量,表明Pra-C和Nif对心肌缺血都有保护作用,Pra-C的效应与Nif相近。     

Carbamazepine: a 'blind' assessment of CYP-associated metabolism and interactions in human liver-derived in vitro systems

1. The ability of various in vitro systems for CYP enzymes (computer modelling, human liver microsomes, precision-cut liver slices, hepatocytes in culture, recombinant enzymes) to predict various aspects of in vivo metabolism and kinetics of carbamazepine (CBZ) was investigated. 2. The study was part of the EUROCYP project that aimed to evaluate relevant human in vitro systems to study drug metabolism. 3. CBZ was given to the participating laboratories without disclosing its chemical nature. 4. The most important enzyme (CYP3A4) and metabolic route (10,11-epoxidation) were predicted by all the systems studied. 5. Minor enzymes and routes were predicted to a different extent by various systems. 6. Prediction of a clearance class, i.e. slow clearance, was correctly predicted by microsomes, slices, hepatocytes and recombinant enzymes (CYP3A4). 7. The 10,11-epoxidation of CBZ by the recombinant CYP3A4 was enhanced by the addition of exogenous cytochrome-b5, leading to a considerable over-prediction. 8. Induction potency of CBZ was predicted in cultured hepatocytes in which 7- ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase was used as an index activity. 9. It seems that for a principally CYP-metabolized substance such as CBZ, all liverderived systems provide useful information for prediction of metabolic routes, rates and interactions.