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排序方式: 共有196条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
Dennis H Lau Lorraine Mackenzie Nicholas J Shipp Pawel Kuklik Hany Dimitri Bruce LW Lobb Muayad Alasady Han S Lim Douglas R Kelly Anthony G Brooks David A Saint Prashanthan Sanders 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》2010,37(10):1023-1027
1. High‐density cardiac electrophysiological study (EPS) of small animal atria has been limited to optical mapping techniques, which require complex and expensive equipment setup. We aim to evaluate the feasibility of carrying out EPS in isolated atrial tissues using a custom made high‐density multiple‐electrode array (MEA). 2. Isolated rat atrial preparations were studied. The MEA (4 × 5 mm) consisted of 90 silver chloride coated electrodes (0.1 mm diameter, 0.5 mm pitch) and was connected to a conventional EP system yielding 80 bipolar signals. Atrial tissues were placed over the MEA in a dish bubbled with 100% oxygen and superfused with modified HEPES solution at pH 7.35 and 37°C. Then, 1 mmol of 2,3‐butanedione monoxime was added to suppress motion artifacts from muscle contractions. Custom plaque analysis software was used for offline conduction analysis. 3. Isolated atrial tissues showed good viability of > 30 min, allowing ample time for complete EPS. High quality electrograms with excellent signal to noise ratio were obtained. All electrophysiological parameters showed good reproducibility: effective refractory period, conduction velocity and heterogeneity index. Tachycardia was also inducible in these normal atria. 4. The present study shows the feasibility of performing high‐density EPS of small isolated atrial tissues with a conventional electrode‐based technique. The MEA system is compatible with standard electrophysiology recording systems and provides a novel, inexpensive option for detailed EPS in small animal models. In particular, it presents new research avenues to further explore the mechanisms of atrial arrhythmias in various transgenic and knockout rodent models. 相似文献
43.
Erica LW. Lester Raj Padwal Sumit R. Majumdar F Ye Daniel W. Birch Scott W. Klarenbach 《Value in health》2017,20(4):694-698
Background
The obesity epidemic is linked to substantial health care resource use, reduction in workforce and home productivity, and poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Changes in body mass index (BMI) are associated with improvements in HRQOL; the nature of this relationship, however, has not been reliably described.Objectives
To determine the independent association between changes in BMI and change in utility-based HRQOL.Methods
Data were prospectively collected on 500 severely obese adult patients enrolled in a single-center obesity management clinic. Univariable and multivariable linear regressions were performed, adjusting for the effect of the intervention itself, obesity-related comorbidities, BMI at enrollment, age, and sex.Results
A 1-unit reduction in BMI was associated with a 0.0075 (95% confidence interval 0.0041–0.0109) increase in the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire score. This relationship was unaltered in various analyses, and is likely applicable to any health-care–induced changes in BMI.Conclusions
The quantification of this association advances the understanding of the clinical benefits of interventions that affect BMI, and can inform more robust cost-utility analyses. 相似文献44.
Timothy LW Wong Salina Husain Aniza Ismail Farah Dayana Zahedi Syed Mohamed Aljunid Amrizal Muhammad Nur 《Medicine》2021,100(44)
The study aims to evaluate previous management of CRSwNP patients in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC) against a developed CP.Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) has high economic burden and impacts patient''s quality of life. Implementation of clinical pathway (CP) can standardize care while optimizing resources.Analytical cross-sectionalThis study utilized medical records of 103 CRSwNP patients at UKMMC otorhinolaryngology clinic from 2010 to 2015. Patients were divided into groups who underwent or did not undergo surgery. Information was obtained regarding sociodemographic, follow-ups, pharmaceutical regimes, and treatment cost. Cost analysis was done using top-down analysis and activity-based costing and CP was formulated. Cost was calculated using year 2020 rates to adjust for inflation. (United States Dollars [USD]1 = Ringgit Malaysia [RM] 4.2015)Study showed non-CP patients were undertreated compared to CP. This affects clinical outcomes as optimal treatment demanded by CP was not achieved. Total cost for non-CP, non-surgery patients were lower (USD660) compared to CP (USD780) due to under treatment and shorter follow-ups. Meanwhile, total cost for non-CP surgery patients were higher (USD3600) compared to CP (USD2706) due to longer visit durations and hospital stays. Non-CP surgery group underwent lengthy follow-up duration (20.7 months) prior to operation compared to 12 months expected in CP.Study showed non-CP patients were undertreated compared to CP. We identified aspects which resulted in resource wastage and unnecessary burden to our healthcare system. This study enables development of a written CP by fine-tuning various aspects of CP which could be applied to our future practice. 相似文献
45.
LW Law TK Lau TY Fung TY Leung CC Wang KW Choy 《BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology》2009,116(2):339-343
Objective We investigated the application of high-resolution microarray-based comparative genomic hybridisation (array CGH) on a fetus showing increased nuchal translucency (NT).
Design Case study.
Setting Tertiary referral obstetrics unit.
Sample Pregnant woman attended the antenatal clinic.
Methods Conventional karyotyping and genetic test was carried out for the alpha-globin gene. High-resolution array CGH using the high-density 244K Agilent microarray was performed on fetal blood sample by cordocentesis to investigate the possibility of any genomic imbalance.
Main outcome measures Detection of chromosomal abnormality.
Results Karyotyping analysis showed 46,XY. Molecular genetic diagnosis confirms the fetus has Hb-H constant spring disease but cannot explain the increased NT to 3.2 mm. Array CGH analysis discovered a 1.32-Mb microdeletion on chromosome 16p13.11. Deletion at 16p13.11 has been implicated to predispose to autism and/or mental retardation. Baby was delivered at 40 weeks of gestation, and follow up was carried out at 3 months of age without sign of mental retardation/developmental delay.
Conclusions This case study demonstrated that array CGH can accurately calibrate the size and identify de novo interstitial chromosome imbalances. However, the presence of chromosome copy variants with unknown clinical significance currently limits its wider scale application in prenatal diagnosis and needs further investigations. 相似文献
Design Case study.
Setting Tertiary referral obstetrics unit.
Sample Pregnant woman attended the antenatal clinic.
Methods Conventional karyotyping and genetic test was carried out for the alpha-globin gene. High-resolution array CGH using the high-density 244K Agilent microarray was performed on fetal blood sample by cordocentesis to investigate the possibility of any genomic imbalance.
Main outcome measures Detection of chromosomal abnormality.
Results Karyotyping analysis showed 46,XY. Molecular genetic diagnosis confirms the fetus has Hb-H constant spring disease but cannot explain the increased NT to 3.2 mm. Array CGH analysis discovered a 1.32-Mb microdeletion on chromosome 16p13.11. Deletion at 16p13.11 has been implicated to predispose to autism and/or mental retardation. Baby was delivered at 40 weeks of gestation, and follow up was carried out at 3 months of age without sign of mental retardation/developmental delay.
Conclusions This case study demonstrated that array CGH can accurately calibrate the size and identify de novo interstitial chromosome imbalances. However, the presence of chromosome copy variants with unknown clinical significance currently limits its wider scale application in prenatal diagnosis and needs further investigations. 相似文献
46.
47.
Widespread use of radionuclides in medicine and industry poses the possibility of radiation accidents. We describe such an occurrence involving three industrial workers. The accident resulted from careless handling of a Cs-137 source. Evaluation of the Cs-137 whole body burden was carried out using stationary and scanning whole body counters. In addition, regional and whole body activity from contamination was assessed using an uncollimated gamma camera. This report emphasizes the value of the gamma camera for detection of radionuclide contamination in radiation accidents. 相似文献
48.
To investigate the sodium magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of acute vasogenic edema, an experimental canine model was developed. Vasogenic edema was produced in the hemisphere of the dogs by the intraarterial infusion of hypertonic mannitol (25%). This solution opens the blood-brain barrier, allowing the influx of water, electrolytes, and proteins into the brain. The main advantage of this model over the established "cold injury" model is the lack of associated brain necrosis. Two patients with chronic vasogenic edema secondary to well-circumscribed meningiomas also underwent MR imaging. The sodium signal was markedly elevated in both clinical and experimental studies of vasogenic edema fluid compared with signal in healthy brain tissue. Extracellular sodium associated with vasogenic edema displayed MR imaging characteristics similar to that of sodium in serum. There was a trend toward a shortened T2 in edema fluid secondary to the presence of serum macromolecules. 相似文献
49.
Epstein DM; Stephenson LW; Gefter WB; van der Voorde F; Aronchik JM; Miller WT 《Radiology》1986,161(2):423-427
Practicing thoracic surgeons were randomly surveyed to evaluate how computed tomography (CT) has influenced the preoperative evaluation of bronchogenic carcinoma. Thirty-six percent of the 529 respondents routinely requested CT and 62% did so selectively. Approximately 40% indicated that CT provided useful information in most cases. Nearly all surgeons (98.7%) do not rely on the identification of enlarged lymph nodes with CT to spare the patient surgical staging; however, 77.5% are influenced by CT results in their staging procedures. Fifty-seven percent reported that a negative CT study eliminates surgical staging entirely unless the patient has a "coin lesion," in which case 75% are willing to proceed directly to thoracotomy. For surgeons who use CT selectively, an abnormal mediastinal contour on the radiograph was the most frequent radiologic abnormality to prompt CT (85%). Thirty-seven percent are influenced by tumor histology in their decision to request CT. There was little difference in the pattern of CT use between university and community hospital surgeons. 相似文献
50.
The factor VIII complex: structure and function 总被引:30,自引:1,他引:30
Normal human plasma contains a complex of two proteins that are important in hemostasis and coagulation. The factor VIII procoagulant protein (antihemophilic factor) and the factor VIII-related protein (von Willebrand factor) are under separate genetic control, have distinct biochemical and immunologic properties, and have unique and essential physiologic functions. While the nature of their interaction and the details of the biochemical structures remain to be determined, the information now available permits a preliminary understanding of the molecular defects in hemophilia and von Willebrand's diseases. 相似文献