溃疡颗粒质量标准的研究

目的 建立溃疡颗粒的质量标准.方法 采用薄层色谱法对处方中甘草、醋延胡索、白及进行定性鉴别;用高效液相色谱法测定方中君药黄芩中黄芩苷的含量.结果 在薄层色谱中,能检出甘草、延胡索、白及;黄芩苷在0.081 -1.62μg范围内,浓度与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9992),样品的平均加样回收率为99.00%,RSD为0...     

Early detection of Berry syndrome in a newborn with differential cyanosis

Berry Syndrome is a rare combination of congenital cardiac abnormalities firstly reported in 1982.1 It consists of aortopulmonary window, anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery （RPA） from ascending aorta, intact ventricular septum, interruption of the aortic arch with patent ductus arteriosus（PDA）. This is the 26th case reported in literature2 and the first report in Hong Kong. Delayed recognition can result in potential lethal condition.     

FATAL CHOLANGITIS AFTER ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY IN CONGENITAL HEPATIC FIBROSIS

A patient with congenital hepatic fibrosis is described in whom portal hypertension with variceal bleeding was the predominant symptom, accompanied by a minor episode of cholangitis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography disclosed intrahepatic bile duct strictures, tortuosity, and tubular dilatation, but not cystic dilatation as typical of Caroli's disease, in which cholangitis is known to be the predominant feature. Following the procedure, the patient developed fulminating cholangitis and septicaemia, and died despite surgical decompression of} the biliary system.     

Expression of caspase‐3‐dependent apoptosis in mural thrombi leukocytes

Failure of arteriovenous access is mostly due to graft thrombosis and multifactorial, with medical and surgical etiologies. Apoptosis of blood cells, such as macrophages, lymphocytes and eosinophils, may play an important role in thrombus formation. We also investigated caspase‐3‐dependent apoptosis in thrombi. We recorded clinical parameters in 43 consecutive patients with vascular access failure (13 men, 30 women; mean age±SD, 64.6±14.2 years) who underwent surgical thrombectomy. Major presentations included absent (92%) and/or near near‐absent (16%) flow through the access during hemodialysis. Cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension (70%), hyperlipidemia (47%), diabetes mellitus (47%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (12%), heart failure (12%), coronary artery disease (21%), and stroke (16%). Laboratory data included hemoglobin level of 100±17 g/L, total white blood cell count of 7.65±2.14×10⁹/L, and platelet count of 205.6±57.9 1000/ìL. Abnormal biochemistry data included elevated blood urea nitrogen level of 63.5±24.4 mg/dL and creatinine level of 8.6±4.0 mg/dL (normal <1.4 mg/dL). Thrombi were characterized by apoptosis (32%) in a caspase‐dependent pathway in all types of leukocytes. Thrombi in arteriovenous access failure demonstrate apoptosis by means of the caspase‐3 pathway in white blood cells.     

Attitudes and knowledge of colorectal cancer and screening in Hong Kong: A population-based study

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third of all cancer mortalities in Hong Kong. CRC screening can reduce mortality. However, participation in the CRC screening program depends on the knowledge and attitude of the population. The aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge and attitude towards CRC screening in the Hong Kong population. Methods: One thousand and thirty‐three patients were interviewed by telephone survey. Knowledge and attitudes were assessed by using questionnaires. Results: Only 8.9% of the respondents were able to mention that CRC was the second commonest cancer cause of death; 4.5% believed they would have a higher chance of developing CRC as compared to other cancers, and 7.4% could mention one of the screening methods. Approximately half (50.3%) were unable to identify any available screening venue. Approximately one‐third (29.5%) indicated that they would definitely join a free CRC screening program, but the percentage dropped to 7.9% when a paid screening program was offered. Some (30.4%) of the respondents had the wrong impression that they did not require CRC screening because they were asymptomatic. Multivariate analysis showed that the independent predictor for participating in free screening was the concern level of getting CRC, while that for a paid screening program was a positive family history of CRC and the concern level. The concern level was dependent on a positive family history and knowledge of CRC. Conclusion: The general population in Hong Kong had deficient knowledge of CRC and screening. Education on the impact of CRC and beneficial effects of CRC screening should be offered before launching a CRC screening program.     

Balloon occlusion during coronary angioplasty as a model of myocardial ischaemia: reproducibility of sequential inflations

In order to evaluate the potential of balloon occlusion duringcoronary angioplasty as a model of myocardial ischaemia in manwe have measured coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF), myocardialoxygen consumption (MVO₂), lactate extraction (LER) and electrocardiographicchanges in 11 patients undergoing left anterior descending artery(LAD) angioplasty. Baseline measurements were made before ballooncrossing and between inflations. Four consecutive inflationseach of 60 s duration were made; 5 min return to baseline wasallowed between inflations. There was a significant reduction in CSBF and MVO₂ (ml min^–1)during inflations 2, 3 and 4 (CSBF: 121±6694±53,113±4999±42, 124±66102±41, P<0.02;MVO₂:11.3±6.6–9.1±3.9, 10.4±3.7–8.7±2.4,12.2±4.49.4±2.8, P<0.05). However during thefirst period of balloon occlusion there were inconsistent changesin coronary flow with an overall rise in mean flow (97±35128±80ml min^–1, P = NS) and an overall rise in mean myocardialoxygen consumption (9.6 ± 3.812.5 ± 7.5 ml min^–1,P = NS). There was lactate production during all four inflationsbut the changes during the first one did not achieve statisticalsignificance. These inconsistent changes during the first inflation were thoughtto be due to partial obstruction of the stenosis by the deflatedballoon before primary dilatation. The changes due to crossingand during the first two inflations were further investigatedin another group of 12 patients undergoing LAD angioplasty.Great cardiac vein flow (GCVF), CSBF, MVO₂ and LER were recordedat baseline, during crossing and during the first two inflations.With the deflated balloon across the stenosis there were nochanges in CSBF or MVO₂ but there was a fall in GCVF (103±2877±50,P = NS) and a significant fall in LER (77±5716±37,P<0.01). Although there was a fall during the first inflationin CSBF, GCVF, MVO₂ and lactate extraction none of these changeswere significant. During the second inflation these changeswere of greater magnitude and achieved statistical significance. While balloon occlusion during coronary angioplasty has thepotential of providing a model of ischaemia in man we have foundthe first inflation period unreliable, due to the variable degreeof occlusion by the deflated balloon. We suggest that only subsequentinflations after the primary dilatation are used for observations.These findings are of significance when evaluating the effectsof therapeutic interventions during PTCA. Various refinementsin measurements of the effects of ischaemia will improve thespecificity of the model.