新辅助化疗在晚期鼻咽癌治疗中的应用价值

目的 :探讨新辅助化疗在治疗中晚期鼻咽癌 (nasopharyngealcarcinoma ,NPC)中的应用价值。方法 :经病理检查确诊的 80例中晚期 (Ⅱ～Ⅳ期 )初治NPC患者 ,于放疗前随机分成两组 ,即新辅助化疗 +放射治疗组 (化放组 )和单纯放疗组(单放组 )各 4 0例 ,观察新辅助化疗对肿瘤患者的缓解率和毒副反应 ,对比放射治疗后两组的疗效。结果 :化放组的全身性毒副反应发生率、复发率及转移率均较低 ,而肿瘤控制率及生存率明显高于单放组 ;化疗组与单放组的 5年生存率分别为 6 5 %和 4 2 5 % ,两组间相比较均有显著性差异 (P值均 <0 0 5 )。结论 :对中晚期NPC宜先进行新辅助化疗 ,再行放射治疗 ,可以提高疗效     

Effect of Systemic Pretreatment With Betamethasone on the Bacterial Flora,Inflammatory Response,and Polyp Formation in Experimentally Infected Rabbit Maxillary Sinus Mucosa

To investigate possible effects of corticosteroids on polyp formation and local bacterial colonization, pneumococcal sinusitis was experimentally induced in rabbits pretreated with betamethasone or saline. After 7 days, macroscopic polyps were counted post-mortem and on histologic slides after serial sectioning. Histologic sections were also examined with light microscopy. Macroscopic polyps were significantly fewer in animals given betamethasone, while there was no difference regarding the number of microscopic polyps. Ingrowth of pathogenic microorganisms was found in five of eight rabbits given placebo but in none of the animals treated with corticosteroids (P < 0.05). The reduced number of pathogenic strains in these animals may be explained by a better-preserved local host defense. The lower number of macroscopic polyps in the same animals could be because of a delayed mucosal repair and subsequent polyp formation.     

有胫前黑斑的2型糖尿病患者皮肤黑斑和肾活检

目的：研究2型糖尿病(T2 DM)肾脏、皮肤病变的性质及两种组织病变与T2 DM高血糖之间的关系。方法：对573例门诊T2 DM患者进行流行病学调查，了解T2 DM伴胫前皮肤黑斑的发病率；对16例T2DM伴胫前皮肤黑斑的患者均进行了。肾活检和皮肤活检，对101例伴胫前皮肤黑斑T2 DM的血清做了血清蛋白电泳。结果：T2 DM伴胫前皮肤黑斑的发病率为24．78％；肾活检和皮肤活检的病理和免疫组化证实，肾脏有不同的病理形态改变，但肾脏和皮肤存在许多免疫复合物沉积；有4例患者的血清蛋白电泳凝胶上有多余的蛋白带，位置一致，分子质量较大。结论：这类患者肾脏和皮肤同时受自身免疫损害，胰腺β细胞和眼底病变可能为同一发病机制。     

Visualizing and quantifying evoked cortical activity assessed with intrinsic signal imaging

Intrinsic signal imaging (ISI) measures changes in light reflectance from the illuminated cortex (intrinsic signals or IS) attributed to various vascular and metabolic sources that, when using illumination in the 600 nm range, appear to co-localize with neuronal activity. Given the multiple sources contributing to the collected IS, the common practice of averaging across an extended post-stimulus time epoch before dividing by baseline data typically visualizes evoked IS overlying both the cortical tissue and the large surface blood vessels. In rat PMBSF, the contribution from these vessels are problematic as they do not co-localize with known PMBSF function. Determining a means for quantifying the evoked IS area poses an additional challenge. Here, we describe how exploiting IS collected shortly after stimulus onset (within 1.5 s), which coincides with fast oxygen consumption of active neurons, visualizes evoked IS overlying the cortical tissue without the large surface vessels. We also describe how the use of absolute thresholds combined with a baseline determined from data collected immediately prior to stimulus onset (within 1 s) targets most precisely a specific evoked IS amplitude, a method that should be especially useful when evoked areas are expected to occupy a substantial portion of the total imaged area and/or when peak activity is expected to differ between subjects.     

青少年抑郁症患者性激素受体基因微卫星多态性与功能失调性认知的关系

目的探讨青春期首发的青少年抑郁症患者性激素受体基因微卫星多态性是否与功能失调性认知存在联系。方法采用聚合酶链式反应（PcR）结合毛细管电泳和基因扫描技术。检测青春期首发的青少年抑郁症患者雄激素受体（AR）、雌激素受体α（ERα）、雌激素受体β（ERβ）基因重复序列多态性的重复片段长度。应用《功能失调性态度问卷》（DAS）对青少年抑郁症患者进行评估，并把评估结果和微卫星多态片段长度进行相关性和对照性分析。结果1．女性患者ERβ基因微卫星多态性与DAS总分呈显著仉相关；2．对各位点等位基因分长短片段作组间比较。发现ERα短片段组DAS总分显著高于长片段组。男性患者不存在这种差异性。3．AR受体与功能失调性认知不存在这种联系。结论女性青少年ERα、ERβ受体基因微卫星多态可能与功能失调性认知存在联系，而男性青年抑郁症患者可能不存在这种联系。     

某市区儿童肥胖现状及影响因素的现况调查

目的:了解重庆市区儿童肥胖的现状及危险因素,为家长、教育系统实施干预提供依据,以预防成年期相关疾病的发生。方法:随机抽取该地区3~16岁儿童1 867例,采用问卷方式收集资料进行现况调查,以BMI法为肥胖的诊断标准,采用国内推荐的BMI≥28.0 kg/m2将儿童分为肥胖组和正常对照组。结果:儿童肥胖的发生率为12.59%(男13.83%,女9.74%)。危险因素分析显示,有肥胖家族史、每日肉食摄入量、营养食品的添加、母乳喂养时间短、过早添加固体食物、看电视为主要危险因素,VitC是肥胖的保护因素。结论:该区儿童肥胖率明显高于历年水平,呈发展趋势,在儿童实施早期干预措施对预防青春期及成年期肥胖和其他相关疾病有重要的意义。     

体外电磁冲击波碎石术对输尿管结石疗效分析

探讨输尿管结石体外电磁冲击波碎石术效果，评价其应用价值。370例输尿管结石病人按结石部位、大小、结石停留时间分类，将各类结石疗效进行比较。输尿管结石碎石次数与结石大小相关（P〈0.05。不同部位同等大小结石碎石次数无显著差异。排石效果与结石大小不相关，而与病程长短相关（P〈0.05）。体外电磁冲击波碎石术是治疗输尿管结石首选方法，严格把握适应证可提高碎石疗效。     

Effects of rat urotensin Ⅱ on coronary flow and myocardial eNOS protein expression in isolated rat heart

AIM: To examine the effects of urotensin Ⅱ, a recently discovered endogenous peptide, on coronary flow (CF), cardiac function, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in isolated rat hearts. METHODS: Heart was isolated and perfused retrogradely via the aorta in Langendorff mode. Rat urotensin Ⅱ was administered in the perfusion solution. The eNOS content in myocardium was determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Rat urotensin Ⅱ had no effect on the heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, or ±dp/dtmax. While rat urotensin Ⅱ dose-dependently increased CF. CF was increased by 11.43 %, 6.67 %, 6.62 %, 6.56 %, 6.36 %, and 5.86 % respectively in a time-dependent manner at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min after injection of rat urotensin II 6.66×10-2μg. The maximal effect on CF was found at 5 min following urotensin II administration. NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) did not prevent the increased CF in response to urotensin II. Rat uroten     

Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)Combined with Afatinib in Treatment of Advanced Gallbladder Cancer:Case Report and Literature Review

<正>Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is a malignancy of biliary tract which is infrequent in developed countries but common in some specific geographical regions of developingCurrently,GBC has a low early diagnosis rate and an extremely poor prognosis,leading to major problems for treatment of GBC.Liver invasion and metastasis one of the main causes of its poor prognosis,with its average overall survival of 6 months,