晚发与非晚发性精神分裂症患者临床资料对照分析

目的：探讨晚发性精神分裂症的临床特点。方法：查找近15年来45岁以后发病的精神分裂症患的临床资料40份，随机抽取同期住院小于45岁又大于18岁发病的精神分裂症患的临床资料67份，就有关临床资料进行比较分析。结果：晚发性精神分裂症的临床症状以妄想、幻觉为主，伴有被动体检和活动减少；临床用药剂量偏低，单一用药多，临床疗效好。结论：晚发性精神分裂症可以作为一个独立的亚型，对临床治疗具有一定的指导意义。     

登革病毒感染后小鼠细胞免疫功能的动态变化

从登革Ⅱ型病毒感染成年ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠为模型，观察感染后不同时间机体细胞免疫反应的变化。结果表明：感染后７－１４ｄ免疫功能处于激活状态，表现为腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能和脾淋巴细胞对ＣｏｎＡ的反应及ＩＬ－２产生水平都明显高于对照组，感染２１ｄ后免疫功能则转为抑制状态，上棕免疫反应明显低于对照组，脾中的Ｌ３Ｔ４＾＋细胞亚群的百分比逐渐下降；相反，ＬＹＴ２＾＋细胞亚群的百分比逐渐升高，这种抑制现象可维持到     

Objectively measuring physical ability in elderly persons: the Physical Capacity Evaluation.

The Physical Capacity Evaluation, a performance measure of functional capabilities comprised of 13 tasks simulating those used in activities of daily living, was tested on 289 community-dwelling elderly people and compared against a widely used self-report measure of function, the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Factor analysis identified one dominant component in each instrument. Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) was .90 for both instruments. Global disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire) and function (Physical Capacity Evaluation) scores were correlated -.74. One-week retest reliabilities on 58 subjects were .94 for the Physical Capacity Evaluation and .95 for the Health Assessment Questionnaire. The Physical Capacity Evaluation is a valid and reliable measure of physical performance for use with elderly people.     

电镜和荧光显微技术在细胞凋亡研究中的应用

目的：探讨荧光显微技术在检测细胞凋亡中的作用。方法：应用拓扑异构酶Ⅱ抑制剂VP-16及化学毒物叠氮钠分别诱导HL-60细胞凋亡和死亡，用透射电镜和经Hoechst 33258染色的荧光显微镜对凋亡及死亡动态观察和定量分析。结果：HL-60细胞在VP16处理后，荧光显微镜下可见核浓缩、染色质凝集、核碎裂等凋亡特征；而叠氮钠诱导的细胞死亡则出现核溶解、核染色质弥散，但无上述改变；两者电镜的观察与荧光显微镜的改变一致；凋亡细胞及坏死细胞荧光显微镜下呈不同的形态特征。对处理的不同时间点细胞的荧光显微镜观察发现：处理后4h核形态开始变化，有核浓缩的细胞比例在处理8h达高峰，然后下降，核碎裂细胞的比例在24h达高峰，约占80％，表明核浓缩发生在核碎裂之前。结论：荧光显微镜技术可明确观察判断细胞凋亡及坏死，并可进行动态及定量分析，是良好的凋亡检测方法。     

甲氟哌酸体外抗菌活性及对耐药感染者的治疗

对天津市新近临床分离的414株细菌进行了甲氟哌酸(Pflx)和氟哌酸(Nflx)体外抗菌活性研究。结果显示Pflx对绝大多数肠杆菌和细菌、不动杆菌有良好抗菌活性,抑菌率>90％。对绿脓杆菌、MSSA及凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌有中度抗菌作用,抑菌率分别为85％、87.5％、87.5％。对MRSA和链球菌抗菌活性稍差,抑菌率在40％～68.42％之间。Nflx体外抗菌活性和Pflx相似。此外,18例药敏试验耐Pflx和Nflx细菌感染患者,经Pflx治疗,肺化脓症1例显效,余17例难治性尿路感染者1例痊愈、9例显效、5例进步、2例无效。     

我省流通领域阿莫西林制剂质量现状

目的:了解流通领域中阿莫西林制剂的质量状况。方法:在全省各市县的部分医药经营企业,抽取阿莫西林胶囊及干糖浆共54批样品,按国家药品标准进行全检后,对其检验结果进行统计分析。结果:不合格的项目有含量、胶囊剂溶出度、干糖浆粒度。该药物制剂的标示百分含量普遍偏低。结论:影响该产品质量的主要项目是含量和溶出度,含量偏低的主要原因是厂家的低限投料,应予以充分重视。     

~（99m）Tc－新半乳糖白蛋白体外受体介导结合特性的研究

本文报道￣９９ｍＴｃ－新半乳糖白蛋白（￣９９ｍＴｃ－ＮＧＡ）与大鼠肝细胞膜进行体外结合试验。结果表明：￣９９ｍＴｃ－ＮＧＡ系与肝细胞膜上的高亲和力低容量（Ｋ＿１：８．４０８９×１０￣９Ｌ／ｍｏｌ；Ｒ＿１：１．７３５０×１０￣（－１２）ｍｏｌ／ｍｇ）和低亲和力高容量（Ｋ＿２：２．０８２７×１０￣８Ｌ／ｍｏｌ；Ｒ＿２：６．９５３０×１０￣（－１２）ｍｏｌ／ｍｇ）２个结合位点相结合，其结合表现出高特异性、可饱和性及对细胞膜蛋白浓度的线性依赖性，具备受体介导结合的基本特征。￣（９９ｍ）Ｔｃ－ＮＧＡ是一个很有希望的肝受体显像剂。     

吸入一氧化氮对心瓣膜置换术后肺动脉高压患者血流动力学的影响

目的：观察吸入一氧化氮（ＮＯ）对心瓣膜置换术后肺动脉高压患者血流动力学的影响。方法：选择９例心瓣膜置换术后伴肺动脉高压的病人，吸入ＮＯ０．００３％，观察三个时象点：吸入ＮＯ前；开始吸入ＮＯ后１５分钟；停止吸入ＮＯ后１５分钟。结果：吸入ＮＯ能显著降低肺动脉压和肺循环阻力指数（Ｐ＜０．０１），停止吸入ＮＯ１５分钟后，肺动脉压和肺循环阻力指数恢复到原有水平。在整个观察过程中，心率、平均动脉压、中心静脉压、肺动脉楔压、体循环阻力指数和心脏指数均无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：吸入ＮＯ具有选择性肺血管扩张作用，是治疗心瓣膜置换术后肺动脉高压的较理想药物。     

Gene expression of LDL receptor, HMG-CoA reductase, and cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase in chronic renal failure

BACKGROUND: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile and an increased risk of ischaemic cardiovascular disease. The associated hyperlipidaemia is reportedly ameliorated by erythropoietin (Epo) therapy. According to a recent report, rats studied 3 weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy and fed a high- protein diet exhibited increased activities of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase (HMG-CoAR) and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (Ch-7 alpha- H), despite normal corresponding mRNA values. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was designed to examine the effects of naturally progressing CRF of longer duration as well as those of Epo therapy on gene expressions of the key factors involved in hepatic cholesterol metabolism, i.e., LDL receptor (LDLR), HMG-CoAR, and Ch-7 alpha-H. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to the CRF group (5/6 nephrectomy), Epo-treated CRF group (given Epo 150 U/kg/twice weekly) and sham-operated, placebo- treated normal controls. They were allowed free access to regular rat chow and studied 6 weeks after surgery. Liver mRNAs and protein mass or activities of the above factors were studied. RESULTS: Plasma cholesterol concentration was significantly increased in the CRF group (P < 0.001) and was modestly lowered (P < 0.05) by Epo therapy. However, microsomal cholesterol concentration and LDLR, HMG-CoAR, and Ch-7 alpha-H mRNA as well as HMG-CoAR activity, and Ch-7 alpha-H and LDLR protein mass measurements were virtually identical in the three groups. Thus, hepatic LDLR, HMG-CoAR, and Ch-7 alpha-H mRNA and protein measurements in rats with CRF were similar to those of the normal control group representing an inappropriate response to the associated hypercholesterolemia. Epo therapy led to partial amelioration of CRF- associated hypercholesterolaemia with no discernible effect on hepatic tissue expression of the above factors.      

磁共振尿路成像对泌尿系疾病的诊断价值

目的评价磁共振尿路成像(Magneticresonanceurography,MRU)对泌尿系疾病的诊断价值。方法对36例泌尿系疾病患者进行MRU检查,并结合临床手术、病理资料和其他影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果36例患者中,均有MRU阳性结果,3例肾盂、肾盏癌,4例前列腺癌,8例前列腺增生症,2例输尿管癌定性、定位明确;9例肾盂、输尿管移行段梗阻定位明确,定性有帮助;10例输尿管下段梗阻中6例诊断明确,4例未能确诊。结论MRU在泌尿系疾病的诊断中,对肿瘤的定位、定性参考价值较高,对尿路梗阻定位诊断有价值,对定性诊断帮助有其局限性。