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81.
Maya S. Madzharova Peter Sturmey J. Helen Yoo 《Journal of developmental and physical disabilities》2018,30(3):329-337
Behavior intervention plans (BIPs), implemented with high treatment integrity, are effective in decreasing challenging behaviors in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). High treatment integrity requires staff training such as Behavioral Skills Training (BST). Modeling and feedback alone, however, have been shown to be briefer and as effective as BST. Due to limited resources educational settings may prefer briefer training models to train staff to implement BIPs. This study used only two of the BST components, in-vivo modeling and feedback, to train three classroom staff members to implement a complex BIP. All three staff acquired the skills rapidly. 相似文献
82.
83.
Comparison of sonographic inferior vena cava and aorta indexes during fluid administered in children
Yun Ang Choi Hyuksool Kwon Jin Hee Lee Jae Yun Jung Yoo Jin Choi 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2018,36(9):1529-1533
Objectives
This prospective, observational study evaluated changes in ultrasound measurements of the inferior vena caval index (IVCI), the aorta diameter/IVC diameter index (Ao/IVCD), and the aorta area/IVC area index (Ao/IVCA) during fluid administration in children requiring intravenous fluid administration.Methods
Children who presented to the pediatric emergency department with symptoms of dehydration were enrolled between May 2015 and February 2016. The maximum diameter of the aorta, from inner wall to inner wall, and the long and short axis diameters of IVC were measured using a convex array transducer in the transverse view. Subsequently, we measured the diameter of the IVC at the subxiphoid area during inspiration and expiration in longitudinal view. We calculated IVCI, Ao/IVCD, and Ao/IVCA during administration of 10 ml/kg and 20 ml/kg normal saline boluses.Results
IVCI and Ao/IVCA significantly changed immediately after administration of initial 10 ml/kg of NS. Ao/IVCA showed significant change during the additional administration of 10 ml/kg (total 20 ml/kg) normal saline boluses (1.43, IQR 1.12–1.86 vs. 1.08, IQR 0.87–1.45, p value < 0.001). No significant changes were observed for IVCI and Ao/IVCD. Ao/IVCA was significantly correlated with the volume of fluid administered. The coefficient between initial and administration of the 10 ml/kg normal saline bolus was ? 0.396 (p value = 0.010), and that between the 10 ml/kg and 20 ml/kg normal saline boluses was ? 0.316 (p value = 0.038).Conclusions
Ao/IVCA showed better correlations with the volume of fluid administered than IVCI and Ao/IVCA. Ao/IVCA might be a promising index for assessing the effects of fluid administration. 相似文献84.
Min?Hee?SuhEmail author Byeong?Wook?Yoo Ki?Ho?Park Jung?Yup?Kim Hyunjoong?Kim Hee?Chan?Kim 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2015,253(6):925-934
Background
To evaluate the correlation between the depth and area of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defect, as measured on an RNFL map of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Methods
The RNFL of 472 glaucoma subjects and of 217 healthy subjects was imaged by an SD-OCT. RNFL defect depth and area on the RNFL map were expressed as an RNFL defect depth percentage index (RDPI) and an RNFL defect area index (RDAI), respectively, according to the following two formulas: 100×[1–{summation of thicknesses of RNFL defects/summation of thicknesses of upper 95th percentile range of age-matched healthy subjects in areas corresponding to defects}]; 100×[number of superpixels of RNFL defects/(46?×?46–superpixels inside optic disc or β zone parapapillary atrophy)]. The best-fitting model describing the relationship between the two parameters was derived by fractional polynomial analysis.Results
Logarithmic fit was determined to be the best-fitting model in describing the relationship of the RDPI against the RDAI (y?=?53.4?+?3.7 ln(x) and y?=?50.9?+?5.9 ln(x) in superior and inferior hemifields, respectively). The expected RDAIs at the point where the RDPI and RDAI rates of change were the same were 3.7 and 5.9 %; the corresponding upper 95 % confidence interval limits of the RDPI 59.0 and 61.8 % in the superior and inferior hemifields, respectively.Conclusions
The correlation between the RNFL defect depth and area, as derived from the RNFL map, was best described by the logarithmic fit. Changes were more marked in depth than in area, especially for mild localized defects.85.
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monotherapy for large submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).Methods
A total of 49 treatment-naive patients (49 eyes) with large SMH (more than five disc areas (DAs)) secondary to nAMD were retrospectively included. All patients were treated with an initial series of 3 monthly intravitreal anti-VEGF injections, followed by as-needed injections. At the 12-month follow-up, changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), hemorrhage area, central foveal thickness, and development of vitreous hemorrhage after treatment were evaluated.Results
The mean SMH area was 13.9±8.8 disk areas (DAs) and mean symptom duration was 7.25±5.9 days at baseline. The mean number of injections was 4.49±1.61. Twelve months after treatment, the mean BCVA significantly improved from 1.14±0.61 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR; 20/276, Snellen equivalent) to 0.82±0.53 logMAR (20/132; P=0.002). Twenty-four eyes (49%) showed improvement of more than three lines of BCVA at 12 months after treatment. Baseline BCVA (odds ratio (OR), 5.119; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.993–9.545; P=0.004), duration of symptoms (OR, 0.727; 95% CI, 0.332–0.952; P=0.024), hemorrhage area (OR, 0.892; 95% CI, 0.721–0.965; P=0.011), and baseline central foveal thickness (OR, 0.881; 95% CI, 0.722–0.945; P=0.032) were significantly associated with good visual acuity 12 months after treatment.Conclusions
Intravitreal anti-VEGF monotherapy is a valuable treatment option for large SMH secondary to nAMD. 相似文献86.
Objectives:
To investigate trends in the prevalence of allergic disease over a 9-year period.Methods:
Using National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) data, the annual number of patients with allergic disease was obtained for each regional subdivisions (small cities, counties, and districts) from 2003 to 2011. Annual populations for each sub-region were obtained and used to calculate the standardized prevalence. To compare prevalence within the study period, data was standardized spatially and temporally. For standardization, demographic data was used to obtain the registered population and demographic structure for 2010, which was used to perform direct standardization of previous years. In addition, a geographic information system (GIS) was used to visualize prevalence for individual sub-regions, and allergic diseases were categorized into five groups according to prevalence.Results:
The nationwide outpatient prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased approximately 2.3-fold, from 1.27% in 2003 to 2.97% in 2013, while inpatient prevalence also increased approximately 2.4-fold,. The outpatient prevalence of asthma increased 1.2-fold, and inpatient prevalence increased 1.3-fold. The outpatient prevalence of atopic dermatitis decreased approximately 12%, and inpatient prevalence decreased 5%.Conclusions:
There was a large difference between prevalence estimated from actual treatment data and prevalence based on patients’ self-reported data, particularly for allergic rhinitis. Prevalence must continually be calculated and trends should be analyzed for the efficient management of allergic diseases. To this end, prevalence studies using NHIS claims data may be useful. 相似文献87.
Sunyoung Jung Bo-Mi Hwang Hyun Ju Jeong Gyung Tae Chung Cheon-Kwon Yoo Yeon-Ho Kang Deog-Yong Lee 《Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives》2015,6(5):322-326
Human noroviruses are major causative agents of food and waterborne outbreaks of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis. In this study, we report the epidemiological features of three outbreak cases of norovirus in Korea, and we describe the clinical symptoms and distribution of the causative genotypes. The incidence rates of the three outbreaks were 16.24% (326/2,007), 4.1% (27/656), and 16.8% (36/214), respectively. The patients in these three outbreaks were affected by acute gastroenteritis. These schools were provided unheated food from the same manufacturing company. Two genotypes (GII.3 and GII.4) of the norovirus were detected in these cases. Among them, major causative strains of GII.4 (Hu-jeju-47-2007KR-like) were identified in patients, food handlers, and groundwater from the manufacturing company of the unheated food. In the GII.4 (Hu-jeju-47-2007KR-like) strain of the norovirus, the nucleotide sequences were identical and identified as the GII.4 Sydney variant. Our data suggests that the combined epidemiological and laboratory results were closely related, and the causative pathogen was the GII.4 Sydney variant strain from contaminated groundwater. 相似文献
88.
Nan-Ok Kim Su-Mi Jung Hae-Young Na Gyung Tae Chung Cheon-Kwon Yoo Won Keun Seong Sahyun Hong 《Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives》2015,6(4):233-240
Objectives
The aim of this study was to characterize the pathogens responsible for causing diarrhea according to season, region of isolation, patient age, and sex as well as to provide useful data for the prevention of diarrheal disease.Methods
Stool specimens from 14,886 patients with diarrhea were collected to identify pathogenic bacteria from January 2014 to December 2014 in Korea. A total of 3,526 pathogenic bacteria were isolated and analyzed according to season, region of isolation, and the age and sex of the patient.Results
The breakdown of the isolated pathogenic bacteria were as follows: Salmonella spp. 476 (13.5%), pathogenic Escherichia coli 777 (22.0%), Vibrio parahaemolyticus 26 (0.74%), Shigella spp. 13 (0.37%), Campylobacter spp. 215 (6.10%), Clostridium perfringens 508 (14.4%), Staphylococcus aureus 1,144 (32.4%), Bacillus cereus 356 (10.1%), Listeria monocytogenes 1 (0.03%), and Yersinia enterocolitica 10 (0.3%). The isolation rate trend showed the highest ratio in the summer season from June to September for most of the pathogenic bacteria except the Gram-positive bacteria. The isolation rate of most of the pathogenic bacteria by patient age showed highest ratio in the 0–19 year age range. For isolation rate by region, 56.2% were isolated from cities and 43.8% were isolated from provinces.Conclusion
Hygiene education should be addressed for diarrheal disease-susceptible groups, such as those younger than 10 years, aged 10–19 years, and older than 70 years, and monitoring for the pathogens is still required. In addition, an efficient laboratory surveillance system for infection control should be continued. 相似文献89.
Choi Yunjung Lee Chang Hun Kim In Hee Park Eun Hae Park SoJeong Yoo Wan-Hee 《Clinical rheumatology》2021,40(5):2037-2045
Clinical Rheumatology - We aimed to determine whether methotrexate (MTX) treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). Data were... 相似文献