Gender and the sudden infant death syndrome

Abstract A nationwide case-control study compared the prevalence and magnitude of risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in male and female infants. The risk factors of SIDS and their magnitude for males and females are very similar. After adjustment for potential confounders male infants had a 1.42-fold (95% CI = 1.04, 1.94) increased risk of SIDS compared with females. Risk factors identified in most epidemiological studies are not the reason for the increased SIDS mortality seen in male infants.     

SIDS, illness, and acute medical care. New Zealand Cot Death Study Group

One component of the Back to Sleep campaign to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the recommendation that parents seek medical attention if their infant is unwell. The aim of this study was to investigate of SIDS could in part be explained by sick infants not getting appropriate medical care. Data on symptoms of illness and on acute medical contacts made for infants dying from SIDS (n = 390) within two weeks of their death were compared with those from a randomly selected group of control infants (n = 1592). SIDS cases had more severe illness than controls (odds ratio (OR) = 3.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.69 to 5.38), and were more likely to have seen a general practitioner (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.73) or attended hospital (OR = 3.43, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.73). Only 1.3% of all SIDS cases had symptoms suggesting severe illness and had not seen a general practitioner. A lack of medical contacts in the two weeks before death does not contribute to the risk of SIDS.     

Fatal dissemination of cytomegalovirus after bone marrow transplantation

The clinical course and necropsy findings are described of an 11-year-old child found to have active cytomegalovirus infection at the time of bone marrow transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Attention is drawn to the presence of primitive mononuclear cells of uncertain origin in the regenerating bone marrow.     

勃乐斯治疗肝硬化腹水30例

1　对象和方法1.1　对象　 2 0 0 0 - 0 3/ 2 0 0 0 - 0 96 0例肝硬化腹水住院患者 ,经B超、肝功能、胃镜、实验室检查证实为肝硬化引起的腹水患者 6 0 (男 48,女 12 )例 ,平均年龄 42 .5 (2 9～ 80 )岁 ;其中肝炎后肝硬化 47例 (78.3% ) ,乙醇性肝硬化 3例 (5 .0 % ) ,心源性肝硬化 3例 (5 .0 % ) ,原因不明者 7例 (11.7% ) ;随机分成治疗组和对照组各 30例 ,按 Child- pugh改良分级法 :治疗组肝功能 A级 2例 ,B级 11例 ,C级 17例 ;对照组肝功能 A级 2例 ,B级 12例 ,C级 16例 ,两组间无明显差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;6 0例患者自首次确诊肝硬…     

Further evidence for an imprinted gene for neonatal diabetes localised to chromosome 6q22-q23

Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a rare form of childhood diabetes which usually resolves in the first 6 months of life but which predisposes to type 2 diabetes of adult onset. We recently reported paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6 (UPD6) in two children with TNDM and proposed that there may be an imprinted gene important in the aetiology of diabetes on chromosome 6. We now describe two unrelated families which independently suggest that the gene is imprinted, is paternally expressed and maps to 6q22-q23. One family has a duplication while the other, with familial TNDM, shows linkage to a marker in this region.      

影像学技术、计算机技术在血管性认知障碍诊断及康复治疗中的应用

目的:综述血管性认知障碍的研究进展,以便预防和治疗血管性认知障碍,提高血管性认知障碍患者的生活质量。资料来源:应用计算检索万方数据库2002-01/2007-01与血管性认知障碍相关的文章,检索词“血管性认知障碍、轻度认知障碍、血管性痴呆、虚拟现实技术、无错性学习、远程康复”,限定语种为中文;同时应用计算机检索Pubmed 1998-01/2007-01的相关文章,检索词为vascular cognitive impairment,virtual reality,errorless learning,telerehabilitation,并限定文章语言种类为English。资料选择:就检索到的100余篇文献进行筛选,选取与血管性认知障碍相关的文章。资料提炼:共收集到相关文章34篇,将筛选到的文献分类,其中认知障碍诊断进展的22篇,康复治疗的12篇。资料综合:血管性认知障碍患者通过磁共振血流灌注加权成像、磁共振波谱成像、弥散加权成像、放射性核素功能显像等影像学检查都会呈现不同程度的异常。神经心理学测验、虚拟现实技术以及计算机辅助技术的应用能够探测到非常细微的认知功能损害,使这部分患者得到早期的诊断,加以治疗,可阻止或延缓痴呆的发生。无错性学习的应用和远程认知康复治疗可使患者的认知功能障碍和功能性活动得到良好的改善。结论:血管性认知障碍对日常生活活动能力影响很大,应对其进行早期的预防、诊断和相应的康复治疗以提高患者的生活质量。     

Intestinal Kaposi''''s sarcoma may mimic gastrointestinal stromal tumor in HIV infection

Diffuse intestinal Kaposi's sarcoma shares macroscopicand histopathologic features with gastrointestinal stromatumors. Correct diagnosis may pose a clinical challengeWe describe the case of a young HIV-1-infected Africanlady without advanced immunodeficiency, who presentedwith a diffuse spindle cell tumor of the gut. Initiadiagnosis was of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor, basedon endoscopy and histopathology. Further evaluationrevealed evidence for human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) andthe diagnosis had to be changed to diffuse intestinaKaposi's sarcoma. Antiretroviral triple therapy togethewith chemotherapy was commenced, and has led to therapid remission of intestinal lesions. With a backgroundof HIV infection, the presence of HHV8 as the causativeagent of Kaposi's sarcoma should be determined, asdistinct treatment is indicated.