中药“口康”含漱液体外抑菌试验和毒性试验研究

OBJECTIVE: To study the antibacterial activity of Chinese medicine kou-Kang mouthwash and its acute toxicity, and provide the basis of experiment and therapy for infectious diseases of the oral cavity. METHODS: Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of kou-Kang mouthwash were determined by the agar dilution method, and the acute toxicity was done. RESULTS: The range of MIC kou-Kang mouthwash against 27 Gram negative bacterial were 0.03-1.0 g.ml-1. MIC50 was 0.125 g.ml-1 and MIC90 was 0.125-0.5 g.ml-1. The range of MIC kou-Kang mouthwash against 21 Gram positive bacterial was 0.008-0.5 g.ml-1. The range of MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.015-0.125 g.ml-1 and 0.015-0.5 g.ml-1, respectively. The value of MIC was 0.015 g.ml-1 against candidia albicans. The acute toxic test indicated that the maximum tolerance dose was 417.6 g.kg-1 and 210 times as much as the clinical dose a day. No death of animals or toxicity and side-effect occurred in the test. CONCLUSION: Kou-Kang mouthwash shows a potent antibacterial activity against various pathogens of the oral cavity. Its antibiotic activity against Gram positive bacteria was 2-8 times stronger than that against Gram negative bacteria. It has low toxicity and can be used in clinical application.     

Experimental arthritis induced by a clinical Mycoplasma fermentans isolate

Background  

Mycoplasma fermentans has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, it was detected in the joints and blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but it is not clear yet how the bacteria enter the body and reach the joints. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of M. fermentans to induce experimental arthritis in rabbits following inoculation of the bacteria in the trachea and knee joints.     

Benign infantile seizures with mild gastroenteritis: Study of 22 patients

PurposeTo analyze the electroclinical features, aetiology and outcome in patients with normal neurological examination and psychomotor development who presented seizures during a mild gastroenteritis (MG).Patients and methodsEvaluation of the clinical charts of 22 patients who were assessed in the Neurology Department, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. JP Garrahan between 1999 and 2007.ResultsTwelve patients were boys and 10 were girls, the age of onset ranged from 5 to 26 months, and the median age was 10 months. Rotavirus antigen test in stool was positive in 9 of 18 studied patients. The seizures were brief, focal with secondary generalization in 15 patients (68.5%), apparently generalized in 5 (22.5%) and focal in two (9%). Seven of the patients (35%) had more than one seizure in 24 h. The interictal EEG was normal in all patients. Neuroradiological studies were performed in 19 patients with a normal result. No patient was put on long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs. Four patients had subsequent mild gastroenteritis and two of them presented convulsions during the disease. After between 12 and 67 months of follow-up, all patients had normal psychomotor development and neurological examination.ConclusionsIn this study we confirmed the association of benign infantile seizures (BIS) and MG with or without rotavirus. The identification of this entity allows avoiding unnecessary complementary studies and treatment with antiepileptic drugs.     

Aneurisma de aorta abdominal infrarrenal en asociación con riñón en herradura: aportación de un caso

We review the association between surgically resolvable aortic disease and horseshoe kidney with a discussion of diagnostic problems and therapeutic options.Male patient 81 years of age with horseshoe kidney and an abdominal aortic aneurysm that was discovered by chance in an abdominal ultrasound during a check-up for his prostate condition.A retroperitoneal approach was used in order to resect the aneurysm and perform an aorto-aortic bypass with no complications occurring. Two years after the diagnosis, the patient is still asymptomatic from a vascular point of view.The co-presence of horseshoe kidney and aortic disease needing surgical correction is infrequent, but it significantly increases the technical complexity of aortic reconstruction. A literature review is included.     

Endoscopic treatment of oesophageal leiomyoma: four new cases

Abstract Background and study aims: The advent of endoscopic techniques in the last decades has produced a change in the approach of the oesophageal leiomyoma. The aim of the study is to explain our experience in the laparoscopic surgery of the oesophageal leiomyoma. Materials and methods: We realised a retrospective study of the oesophageal leiomyoma operated on in our centre by the endoscopic approach between 2001 and 2004. There were two females and two males. All were symptomatic and pyrosis was the most frequent symptom. The preoperative study was an oral endoscopy and barium swallow. In all the cases enucleation was performed, two by thoracoscopy and two by laparoscopy approach. Results: The mean operating time was 230 min. No deaths or intraoperative complications occurred and there were no cases of conversion to open surgery either. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.25 days (range 2–4 days). There was no case of recurrence. Conclusions: The enucleation is an easier procedure and constitutes the therapy of choice of the oesophageal leiomyoma. We think that muscle borders should be closed after enucleation and that biopsy is not indicated preoperatively.     

In vitro metabolism and toxicity assessment of toxin T-514 (Peroxisomicine A1) of Karwinskia humboldtiana in microsomes and primary cultured hepatocytes.

T-514 (Peroxisomicine A(1)) from Karwinskia humboldtiana is a dimeric hydroxyanthracenone with a highly selective cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. We evaluated the metabolism of this compound in two in vitro systems (liver microsomes and hepatocytes) and assessed the cytotoxicity of its metabolites on normal and tumor cells. Microsomes (12.5, 125 and 250 microg of protein/ml) and hepatocytes (1 x 10(6) cells/ml) were incubated with the toxin (25 microM) for 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h and the samples were examined using chromatographic analysis and UV spectra. Two metabolites (M1 and M2) were detected in the rat microsomes and one (M1) in the monkey microsomes. The retention times and UV spectra of the peaks were very similar to those of the toxin T-514. M1 was isolated and identified as a mixture of two isomers. The cytotoxicity of the metabolites was evaluated in Chang liver and Hep G2 cells but they did not show the selective cytotoxic effect on tumor cells seen in the original compound.     

Contribution of hypoxia-measuring molecular imaging techniques to radiotherapy planning and treatment

Hypoxia is related to poor prognosis because it is associated to chemo-and radioresistance. During recent years the evolution of imaging methods like PET/CT and MRI has meant the appearance of new perspectives with direct implications in radiation therapy. We discuss previous experiences in staging, planning and in the follow-up process with these techniques for measuring tumour hypoxia.