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91.
Lisa M. Jamieson KF Roberts‐Thomson SM Sayers 《Community dentistry and oral epidemiology》2010,38(3):213-221
Jamieson LM, Roberts‐Thomson KF, Sayers SM. Dental caries risk indicators among Australian Aboriginal young adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 213–221. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Objectives: To determine dental caries risk indicators among a birth cohort of Australian Aboriginal young adults (n = 442). Methods: Data were from the Aboriginal Birth Cohort study, a prospective longitudinal investigation of Aboriginal individuals born 1987–1990 at an Australian regional hospital. Models representing demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural, dental service utilization and clinical oral health variables were tested using multivariate regression. Results: The percent DT > 0 was 72.9 (95% CI 68.7–77.1), mean DT was 4.19 (95% CI 3.8–4.6), percent DMFT > 0 was 77.4 (95% CI 73.5–81.3) and mean DMFT was 4.84 (95% CI 4.4–5.3). After controlling for other covariates, risk indicators for percent DT > 0 included soft drink consumption every day or a few times a week (PR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08–1.45), not consuming milk every day or a few times a week (PR 1.16, 95% CI 1.04–1.30) and sweet consumption every day or a few times a week (PR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04–1.33). Risk indicators for mean DT included sweet consumption every day or a few times a week (B = 1.14, 95% CI 0.27–2.02), nonownership of a toothbrush (B = 0.91, 95% CI 0.10–1.87) and presence of plaque (B = 2.46, 95% CI 0.96–3.96). Those with 4 + occupants in their house the previous night had 1.2 times the prevalence of having DMFT > 0 than their counterparts with less household occupants (95% CI 1.01–1.49). Percent DMFT > 0 was also associated with consumption of soft drink every day or a few times a week (PR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04–1.34) and consumption of sweets every day or a few times a week (PR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10–1.37). Mean DMFT was higher among those who consumed sweets every day or a few times a week (B = 0.13, 95% CI 0.05–0.22) and who had dental anxiety (B = 0.10, 95% CI 0.01–0.19). Conclusions: In an Australian Aboriginal young adult cohort, risk indicators for dental caries included social determinants such as household size, dietary behaviours such as regular consumption of soft drink and sweets, dental behaviour such as nonownership of a toothbrush and dental anxiety. 相似文献
92.
Pernille Kofoed Nielsen PhD Lars L. Andersen PhD Henrik B. Olsen MSc Lars Rosendal PhD Gisela Sjøgaard DMSc Karen Søgaard PhD 《Muscle & nerve》2010,41(6):836-844
The objective of this study was to investigate morphological and physiological characteristics of painful muscles in women with (MYA, n= 42) and without (CON, n = 20) trapezius myalgia, and assess changes in response to a 10‐week, randomized, controlled trial. MYA accomplished: (1) specific strength training (SST); (2) general fitness training (GFT); or (3) reference intervention (REF). Differences in muscle morphology could not be detected by ultrasound imaging. Significantly lower pressure pain threshold (PPT) and shoulder torque were observed for MYA, indicating pain‐related lack of full activation. After 10 weeks, increased shoulder torque and PPT of the painful trapezius were observed in SST solely. The PPT of a pain‐free reference muscle was increased in response to both SST and GFT, indicating a general effect of physical activity on pain perception. This study shows clinically relevant improvement in pain sensitivity and muscle strength capacity in response to SST. Muscle Nerve, 2010 相似文献
93.
Yik M Lee MClNur BN RGN RM Yuk K Hung BHSc RN Frankie KF Mo PhD Wing M Ho MBChB MRCP FHKCP FHKAM 《International journal of nursing practice》2010,16(5):508-516
Lee YM, Hung YK, Mo FKF, Ho WM. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; 16 : 508–516 Comparison between ambulatory infusion mode and inpatient infusion mode from the perspective of quality of life among colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy Folfox and Folfiri are active chemotherapy treatments used in advanced colorectal cancer. The total admission for these treatments has been significantly increasing in the study hospital. An ambulatory infusion programme was launched to address the problems of long waiting list and bed shortage. The study objective was to compare the quality of life between patients receiving the chemotherapy treatments in the ambulatory infusion group and the inpatient infusion group. The results showed that some demographic variables of education level, family role and employment status were determinants of the treatment mode. Patients in the ambulatory infusion group of social and global domains performed better than the inpatient group. However, the inpatient group had better quality of life of nauseated symptom at different stages. Some nursing educations should be reinforced to address the symptom management for patients receiving ambulatory infusion at home. The ambulatory infusion programme offered considerable quality of life benefits to colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. 相似文献
94.
TR Klumpp ; JH Herman ; KF Mangan ; MK Schnell ; SL Goldberg ; JS Macdonald 《Transfusion》1994,34(8):677-679
BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated that the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) may be followed by the transient appearance of positive red cell antibody screens, positive direct antiglobulin tests, and, occasionally, frank hemolysis. However, little information is available regarding the possibility that IVIG could transmit neutrophil and/or platelet antibodies. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Serum samples were obtained both immediately before and immediately after the administration of 12 separate lots of commercially available IVIG to bone marrow transplant patients. RESULTS: None of the patients were shown by standard granulocyte immunofluorescence testing to have acquired neutrophil antibodies. Four of the 12 postinfusion sera were positive for platelet antibodies in standard platelet suspension immunofluorescence testing, but in all four instances the corresponding preinfusion serum was positive as well. CONCLUSION: The risk of acquiring neutrophil and/or platelet antibodies after the administration of commercially available IVIG appears to be low. 相似文献
95.
Changing pattern of malaria in Bissau, Guinea Bissau 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Rodrigues A Schellenberg JA Kofoed PE Aaby P Greenwood B 《Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH》2008,13(3):410-417
Objective To describe the epidemiology of malaria in Guinea‐Bissau, in view of the fact that more funds are available now for malaria control in the country. Methods From May 2003 to May 2004, surveillance for malaria was conducted among children less than 5 years of age at three health centres covering the study area of the Bandim Health Project (BHP) and at the outpatient clinic of the national hospital in Bissau. Cross‐sectional surveys were conducted in the community in different malaria seasons. Results Malaria was overdiagnosed in both health centres and hospital. Sixty‐four per cent of the children who presented at a health centre were clinically diagnosed with malaria, but only 13% of outpatient children who tested for malaria had malaria parasitaemia. Only 44% (963/2193) of children admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of malaria had parasitaemia. The proportion of positive cases increased with age. Among hospitalized children with malaria parasitaemia, those less than 2 years old were more likely to have moderate anaemia (RR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.02–1.56) (P = 0.03) or severe anaemia (RR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.25–2.24) (P = 0.0005) than older children. The prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in the community was low (3%, 53/1926). Conclusion In Bissau, the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in the community is now low and malaria is over‐diagnosed in health facilities. Laboratory support will be essential to avoid unnecessary use of the artemisinin combination therapy which is now being introduced as first‐line treatment in Bissau with support from the Global Fund. 相似文献
96.
Poor compliance with disulfiram (Antabuse) therapy may reduce its efficacy in the treatment of alcoholism. This study was designed to examine two questions: (a) Could use of a chemical test for disulfiram ingestion be used clinically to improve disulfiram compliance and if so, (b) could improved disulfiram compliance contribute to improved compliance with other aspects of treatment? The results suggest that disulfiram compliance rates can be increased by clinical use of chemical monitoring data; however in this sample increased compliance with disulfiram did not correlate with improvements in other aspects of treatment compliance. 相似文献
97.
Engraftment of marrow following autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) may be influenced by quantity and function of stem cells. T lymphocytes, supporting microenvironmental cells, and hematopoietic growth factors (HGF). To elucidate the physiologic role of interleukin-3 (IL-3) in the engraftment process, serum IL-3 levels were measured in over 400 samples from 77 transplant recipients before and for up to 3 weeks following transplantation using a novel enzyme- linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) with a sensitivity of > or = 78 pg/mL. Thirty-seven patients received two to three log T-cell-depleted allografts. In the remaining 40 patients (18 autologous marrow, 12 allogeneic marrow, and 10 autologous peripheral blood [PB] stem cell), T cells were not depleted (non-TCD) from the grafts. A burst of IL-3 (peak levels, 1,500 to 6,000 pg/mL) was detected in the immediate posttransplant period between day 0 and day 14 in all non-TCD recipients and in 21 of 37 (57%) of TCD recipients. A strong inverse relationship between IL-3 levels and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was observed in both non-TCD recipients (r = -.796) and in TCD recipients (r = -.897). However, both peak IL-3 levels and mean IL-3 levels from day 0 through 14 were significantly lower in TCD recipients compared with either autologous or unmodified allogeneic marrow recipients (P < .01). The lowest peak or mean day 0 through 14 IL-3 levels were observed in matched related recipients undergoing the most aggressive (2.5 to 3.0 log) T-cell-depleted BMT. Autografted patients receiving blood stem cell transplants alone or posttransplant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) also had significantly lower peak IL- 3 levels (P < .01). In patients receiving TCD grafts, administration of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) posttransplant significantly increased peak IL-3 levels compared with patients not treated with ATG (P < .04). This study shows that endogenous release of IL-3 is strongly associated with myeloid engraftment and inversely related to ANC. Removal of T lymphocytes from donor marrow or acceleration of engraftment by use of stem cells or growth factors appears to blunt the endogenous release of IL-3 whereas use of ATG posttransplant increases IL-3 release. 相似文献
98.
A 43-year-old male with a phenotypically homogeneous, expanded subset of T cells presented in 1981 with anemia and neutropenia. The surface antigen phenotype of 99% of the peripheral blood lymphocytes was T3+, T8+, T4-, and they were morphologically large granular lymphocytes (LGL). The same cells comprised 37% of the marrow nucleated cells. Eight months after he presented, the peripheral blood T8+, LGL diminished spontaneously, and the anemia and neutropenia completely resolved. The patient remains hematologically normal as of October 1984. To determine if the T8+, LGL represented a clonal expansion, DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes collected and cryopreserved when the patient was neutropenic and anemic, and when he was hematologically normal, was analyzed for clonal T-cell antigen receptor gene rearrangements. Using Southern blot analysis, a clonal DNA rearrangement was demonstrated, and this clone diminished but was still demonstrable in peripheral blood lymphocytes collected in 1984. The above observations implicate the expanded T8+, LGL in the pathogenesis of the neutropenia and anemia, yet the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. 相似文献
99.
Laura Kofoed Kjaer Mia Klinten Grand Volkert Siersma Kasper Broedbaek Anders Jorgensen Niels de Fine Olivarius Henrik Enghusen Poulsen 《Journal of diabetes and its complications》2019,33(3):202-207
Aims
The urinary marker of RNA oxidation, 8?oxo?7,8?dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo), but not the corresponding marker of DNA oxidation, 8?oxo?7,8?dihydro?2′?deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), is a prognostic biomarker in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of structured personal care (individualized multifactorial treatment) versus standard care on RNA oxidation level in patients with T2D and to assess if the effect of structured personal care on all-cause and diabetes-related mortality was modified by RNA oxidation level.Methods
Urine samples were analyzed for 8-oxoGuo/8-oxodG from 1381 newly diagnosed T2D patients from the cluster randomized trial Diabetes Care in General Practice cohort, and 970 patients were reexamined after six years of intervention.Results
The yearly variation in RNA oxidation levels were not significantly different between the structured personal care group and standard care group. The effect of treatment on all-cause and diabetes-related mortality was not modified by the level of RNA oxidation.No changes in DNA oxidation were seen.Conclusions
Structured personal care does not influence RNA oxidation level nor is it better for patients with high RNA oxidation level. Thus, structured personal care may not impact the disease-related aspects identified by RNA oxidation level in T2D patients. 相似文献100.