Distribution of Oxytocin‐ and Vasopressin‐Immunoreactive Neurons in the Brain of the Eusocial Mole Rat (Fukomys anselli)

Fukomys anselli, also known as Ansell's mole rat, is a subterranean, highly social (so‐called eusocial) rodent that lives in Africa. These mole rats typically form multigenerational families consisting of a single monogamous breeding pair and their nonreproductive offspring. Research on other mammals suggests that oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) as well as the distribution of OT‐ and VP‐receptors may influence social behavior and pair bonding. Recent studies on eusocial naked mole rats have shown a possible relation between sociality and OT‐immunoreactive (OT‐ir) processes. In this study, we examined expression patterns of OT and VP in the brains of F. anselli and the common Sprague‐Dawley (SD) laboratory rat. As in other species, the majority of OT‐ir and VP‐ir neurons was found in the paraventricular (Pa) and supraoptic (SO) nuclei, and scattered labeling throughout the preoptic and anterior hypothalamic areas. We found no difference in either quality or quantity of OT‐ and VP‐ir neurons between individuals of different social and reproductive ranks. Equally unexpected was the finding of specific OT‐immunoreactivity in neurons of the mammillary complex of F. anselli that was not found in SD rats. Further studies are needed to determine whether these mammillary OT‐ir neurons are causally related to monogamy in F. anselli and whether these correlates of monogamy are found in other species. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Potential case of gynecomastia in mummified remains of an early modern period northern finnish vicar

We report possibly the oldest evidence of gynecomastia in mummified human remains. Computed tomography was performed on the mummified remains of an early 17th century Northern Finnish vicar. The examination of the scans revealed large bilateral subareolar irregular masses resembling female mammary glands. The nearly septuagenarian vicar appears to have had gynecomastia, as it is a common condition in elderly men, and is sometimes associated with obesity. Gynecomastia is the most likely explanation for these findings. Clin. Anat. 31:641–644, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.