A study of a method for distribution analysis of skin color

Background/aims: The objective and quantitative assessment of the skin is important in medical and cosmeceutical research. Assessment of color is an important element for analyzing the surface of the skin, which is usually determined subjectively by a doctor or using color analysis devices. These devices, however, cannot provide correct color information because color is construed from the mean value of the observation region, and analysis of color distribution is impossible. The purpose of this paper is to develop an objective analysis method to permit skin color measurement of each pixel unit of an image and analyze the distribution of skin surface color. Methods: The Skin Color Distribution Analyzer (SCDA) is an analysis method newly developed at the Research Institute for Skin Image at Korea University. The SCDA system presented in this paper performed a novel form of quantitative and objective analysis of skin color distribution using each pixel color model parameter found in image wavelength information. In this paper, distribution analysis was conducted on normal skin and skin lesions and skin affected by artificially induced irritant contact dermatitis and pigmented nevous. The method selected a grade using a color model parameter. Twenty healthy Korean males participated in this study. A comparative study of the eight anatomical areas was performed, including the exposure and non‐exposure parts and the medial aspect and the lateral aspect of the forearm. A reliability test for the SCDA system was also conducted with a spectrometer (SPEC) using the color analysis method. Results: Each skin lesion was precisely segmented by grade and each parameter hada different statistical significance for results of analysis of distribution in pigmented nevous and the artificially induced irritant contact dermatitis. Parameters L^*, b^*, a^*, and EI showed salient traits. Showed resemble measured result in the SCDA system and the SPEC of normal skin. The exposed site, in comparison with the non‐exposed site, showed a notable difference in the L^* parameter and a significant statistical difference in the x and z parameters, except b^*. The comparison of the medial and lateral aspects of the forearm showed a notable difference in the L^* parameter and a significant statistical difference in the parameters except y and b^*. In the reliability test result using the SCDA system and the SPEC, the SCDA system was highly reliabile in terms of the CV value in all color model parameters. Conclusions: The color distribution analysis method using the SCDA system has revealed an aspect that the existent method of medical research has not shown, and is considered to be more reliable than other methods. This method can provide better study findings because it can be applied to other fields in addition to the medical science field and the ripple effect is thought to be bigger in other science field too.     

Increased lymphocyte beta-adrenergic receptor density in progressive multiple sclerosis is specific for the CD8+, CD28- suppressor cell.

Beta-adrenergic receptor density on T cells from healthy humans is greatest on suppressor cells (CD8+, CD28-) and the effect of catecholamines, secreted by the sympathetic nervous system, predominates on this subset. The sympathetic skin response, a measure of sympathetic nervous system function, is absent in most patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). We measured beta-adrenergic receptor density on suppressor cells, cytotoxic cells, and monocytes from patients with chronic progressive MS and healthy control subjects. Control receptor density on suppressor cells was 2.8 +/- 0.3 fmol/10(6) cells versus a density of 5.1 +/- 0.7 fmol/10(6) cells for patients. Cytotoxic cell (CD8+, CD28+) receptor density was 1.4 +/- 0.4 fmol/10(6) cells in control subjects and 0.9 +/- 0.3 fmol/10(6) cells in the patients. Monocytes displayed beta-adrenergic receptor densities of 2.6 +/- 0.4 fmol/10(6) cells in normal individuals and 2.7 +/- 0.4 fmol/10(6) cells in the patient group. CD8 lymphocyte beta-adrenergic receptor densities in patients with relapsing-remitting and those with stable MS were not different from control values, yet were significantly less than the values for patients with chronic progressive MS. We find that mononuclear cells from healthy control subjects and patients with chronic progressive MS proliferate in response to 200 units/ml of recombinant human interleukin-2 (IL-2) similarly. However, IL-2 treatment increased beta-adrenergic receptor density on normal mononuclear cells, but failed to increase it on mononuclear cells from patients with chronic progressive MS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

中医辨证治疗肿瘤

七种中医辨证治疗肿瘤方法：1．清热解毒法：应用于邪实正气未衰，多为各种肿瘤早期及体质较强壮者，发热身痛，口干舌燥，便秘尿黄，     

远程医疗在社区护理中的应用与前景

远程医疗自20世纪60年代在美国问世以来,已受到世界各国的广泛关注,其跨时空、零距离、实时互动等特点,被巧妙地应用于社区卫生保健中,并逐渐显现出其快捷、便利、优化资源配置等优势,使社区居民足不出户,通过电脑网络即可得到健康服务,成为社区卫生保健的新选择。在信息时代,远程医疗很快就会随着商业与教育的信息技术发展,开创医疗卫生事业的新纪元。本文中就远程医疗在社区护理中的应用进行综述,并展望远程医疗在中国的发展前景,以期为我国社区远程医疗的发展提供参考与帮助。1概述1.1远程医疗服务Telehealth(Telecare),内地普遍称为远…     

三维立体培养法诱导去分化软骨细胞Ⅱ型胶原的重新表达

目的用藻酸盐三维立体培养法及离心管聚集体诱导培养法促进去分化的永生化软骨细胞第50代(IHACs50)重新表达软骨细胞的Ⅱ型胶原标志性表型。方法利用藻酸盐三维立体培养法以及离心管聚集体诱导培养法分别诱导培养去分化的永生化人关节软骨细胞第50代,然后用Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型胶原的免疫组织化学染色、Ⅱ型胶原的逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测、激光共聚焦显微镜检测、胶原定量检测该永生化软骨细胞的Ⅱ型胶原表型表达情况。结果免疫组织化学染色、激光共聚焦显微镜检测、RT-PCR检测分别提示藻酸盐三维立体培养法和离心管聚集体诱导培养法使去分化永生化人关节软骨细胞的Ⅱ型胶原染色阳性以及621 bp的Ⅱ型胶原mR- NA表达,Western blot和3H-脯氨酸标记SDS-PAGEⅡ型胶原定量检测发现前者促进Ⅱ型胶原分泌较后者多。结论去分化永生化人关节软骨细胞可以经不同的诱导方法而重新表达Ⅱ型胶原表型,藻酸盐三维立体培养法因与软骨细胞的生理环境相似,故促进Ⅱ型胶原重新表达较多。     

缺氧诱导因子-lα与脑缺氧缺血性损伤

缺氧诱导因子-lα（hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha，HIF-lα）是近来发现的广泛存在于哺乳动物和人体内的一种缺氧应答调控因子，在调节缺氧诱导的基因表达中起关键性作用。它可调节表达多种靶基因如血管内皮生长因子、促红细胞生成素等，对改善脑缺氧缺血后能量代谢障碍、促进脑血流动力学恢复、抑制兴奋性氨基酸毒性、减少细胞凋亡等起重要作用。通过进一步对HIF-lα及其靶基因的研究，可能为临床治疗脑缺氧缺血性损伤提供了一种新的治疗策略。     

非依赖型糖尿病全血低切变率粘度值的临床意义

目的:为了探讨非依赖型糖尿病全血低切变率粘度值测定的临床意义。方法:对91例非依赖型糖尿病血液流变学低切率粘度值进行了检测,并对其结果及形成机制进行了分析讨论。结果:91例非依赖型糖尿病低切变率粘度值和对照组相比有显著性差异,p<0．01。结论:非依赖型糖尿病全血低切变率粘度增高,可造成微血管循环障碍,是非依赖型糖尿病易形成心梗、脑梗及其他微血管病的一种重要因素。