Interior Reconstruction from Truncated Projection Data in Cone-beam Computed Tomography

Journal of Digital Imaging - The interior reconstruction of completely truncated projection data is a frontier research hotspot in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) application. It is difficult...     

A Novel Deep Learning Model Based on Multi-Scale and Multi-View for Detection of Pulmonary Nodules

Journal of Digital Imaging - Lung cancer manifests as pulmonary nodules in the early stage. Thus, the early and accurate detection of these nodules is crucial for improving the survival rate of...     

Optimization of fast acquisition methods for whole-brain relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) mapping with susceptibility contrast agents

Fast gradient-echo magnetic resonance scan techniques with spiral and rectilinear (echoplanar) k-space trajectories were optimized to perform bolus-tracking studies of human brain. Cerebral hemodynamics were studied with full brain coverage, a spatial resolution of 4 mm, and a temporal resolution of 2 seconds. The sensitivity of the techniques to detect image signal-intensity changes during the first pass of the contrast agent was studied at a range of TEs using dedicated experiments. For single-shot versions of spiral scanning and echoplanar imaging techniques with a 0.1-mmol/kg injection of gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid using a mechanical injector at 10 mL/sec under 1.5 T, the maximum sensitivity was obtained at TEs between 35 and 45 msec. At TEs less than 35 msec, signal-intensity artifacts were observed in the images. Analysis of the point-spread function revealed that susceptibility changes induced by the contrast agent can result in signal shifts to neighboring voxels. These artifacts are attributed to susceptibility-related signal changes during the acquisition window.     

Transforming Growth Factor-β2 mRNA Level in Unloaded Bone Analyzed by Quantitative In Situ Hybridization

The effects of tail suspension hypokinesia on the gene expression for TGF-β₂ at different sites within bone were evaluated. TGF-β₂ mRNA signal levels were determined quantitatively by an image analysis system. The osteopenia induced by tail suspension was verified by histomorphometry. In the periosteum of nonsuspended control rats, TGF-β₂ mRNA was highly expressed in the preosteoblasts and osteoblast-rich cambial layers; very little signal was present within the middle and outer fibroblastic layers. Gene expression was significantly reduced in suspended rats, and this was evident both in terms of the number of silver grains in unit area or length of tissue and in each osteoblast and preosteoblast. Hypokinesia also reduced the expression of TGF-β₂ mRNA level in cortical and trabecular bone osteocytes, but did not adversely affect the mRNA level in chondrocytes in growth plate. The results affirm the site-specific response of TGF-β₂ gene expression in rats, and suggest that the cortical and trabecular bone osteopenia associated with hypokinesia in rats may be associated with a deficit in osteoblastic and osteocytic TGF-β₂ level. Received: 6 February 1998 / Accepted: 10 November 1998     

胃肠道癌手术与门静脉单细胞转移的相关性研究

目的 进一步了解在胃癌、大肠癌的根治过程中,手术对单细胞转移的影响。方法 １７２例２分２组,阳性受检组１１１例,先结扎肿瘤区引渡以血和的阴性对照组６１例。开腹探后将导管置入门静脉抽取血标本,抗上皮细胞膜克隆抗体为探针,ＡＢＣ免疫组化法检测门静脉癌细胞。结果 阳性受检组１１１例患者中有７２例发现肿瘤细胞、阳性率为６４．９％,有性对照组的６１例仅发现１３例,阳性率为２１．３％,两组且间差异有显著性,     

窥镜下激光治疗前列腺增生症

目的 评价经尿道激光前列腺切除术（ＴＵＬＰ）的疗效及其与前列腺大小的关系。方法 回顾分析了１９８８年至１９９８年１０年,采用ＴＵＬＰ治疗的４６９例前列腺增生症患者对手术技术、手术前后的症关改善情况进行比较,并对２３３例符合条件的患者ＴＵＬＰ手术效果与前列腺大小的相关性进行了研究。结果 ４６９例患者前列腺症状评分（ＩＰＳＳ）平均值由术前的２６．７降到术后的１４．２;最大尿流率平均值由６．２ｍｌ／ｓ上     

Genistein inhibits the regulation of active sodium-potassium transport by dopaminergic agonists in nonpigmented ciliary epithelium.

PURPOSE: To determine whether dopamine receptor stimulation regulates Na,K-ATPase-mediated ion transport in cultured nonpigmented ciliary epithelium (NPE). METHODS: Using a rabbit NPE cell line, active Na-K transport activity was determined by measuring ouabain-sensitive potassium (86Rb) uptake in cell monolayers. Western blot analysis of membrane material obtained from cell homogenates was conducted to examine tyrosine phosphorylation of membrane proteins. RESULTS: Ouabain-sensitive potassium (86Rb) uptake was inhibited in the presence of either dopamine or the D1-selective agonist SKF82958. The response was suppressed by SCH23390, a D1 antagonist, but not by sulpiride, a D2-selective antagonist. Quinpirole, a D2-selective agonist, did not cause inhibition of ouabain-sensitive potassium (86Rb) uptake. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was detectably increased in SKF82958-treated cells, although the concentration of SKF required to elevate cell cAMP was higher than the concentration needed to inhibit ouabain-sensitive potassium (86Rb) uptake. The protein kinase A inhibitor H89 prevented the 86Rb uptake response to SKF82958. Genistein, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases, also prevented the 86Rb uptake response to SKF82958. Membrane material isolated from cells exposed to SKF82958 showed an increase in the density of several phosphotyrosine bands. These changes in phosphotyrosine immunoblot density were not observed in material isolated from cells that received either genistein or SCH23390 before SKF82958 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest D1 agonists cause a reduction of Na,K-ATPase-mediated ion transport by a mechanism that could involve a tyrosine kinase step.     

电子病历书写的质量管理与对策

目的 探讨和总结电子病历（Eleetronic Medical Record,EMR)使用中医生记录的质量控制方法。方法 对EMR中医生记录进行质量分析，找出存在的常见主观性和客观性错误，采用软件设计与建立管理制度的方法提高质量。结果 通过改进软件设计和建立健全规章制度可以达到EMR质量控制。     

Platelet proteins as autoantibody targets in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), caused by autoantibodies directed against certain platelet antigens, is the most common entity of the immune thrombocytopenias. ITP is an acquired disorder and can affect both children and adults. However, the clinical syndromes of ITP are distinct between children and adults. Childhood (acute) ITP characteristically is acute in onset, occurs within 1-2 weeks of an infection, usually of viral origin, resolves spontaneously within 6 months. Adult (chronic) ITP has an insidious onset and rarely resolves spontaneously. Over the last decade considerable new information has accumulated as to the pathophysiological mechanisms of immune thrombocytopenias. In addition, most of the knowledge on this disorder has been obtained from studies of adult patients with chronic ITP. The present work gives an updated overview of the platelet autoantigens and the molecular immunological reactions in ITP.     

Unusual features in children with inv dup(15) supernumerary marker: a study of genotype-phenotype correlation in Taiwan

Recent molecular cytogenetic studies have elucidated the origin and nature of extra structurally abnormal chromosomes (ESACs) or small supernumerary chromosomes, which are often associated with developmental delay and malformations. We studied the prevalence of inv dup(15) in a nationwide screening programme for mentally retarded children in Taiwan and tried to correlate the genotype and phenotype in those patients. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis using D15Z, D15Z1, and the cosmids from the Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome chromosome region (PW/ASCR) was performed on 54 patients (0.45%) with ESACs from 11893 probands within a 5-year period. Of them, inv dup(15) was confirmed in 25 children (46.3%) by FISH analysis. The PW/ASCR probes were used to clarify the size and DNA composition of the markers. Patients with inv dup(15) chromosomes, containing only the heterochromatin or little euchromatin of the proximal 15q (i.e., pter→q11:q11→pter) may have a rather mild or nearly normal phenotype (group 1). Only one patient had some features suggestive of Angelman syndrome, but was considered to be a result of deleted (15)(q12) in the chromosome 15 homologue. Additional copies within D15S11 through GABRB3 (15q11.2-13) resulted in an abnormal phenotype which involved mental and developmental delay but was different from the classical phenotype of PW/AS (groups 2, 3). Signs of autistic behavior did occur in each group. FISH combined with microsatellite analyses showed that the marker was often of maternal origin in de novo cases (n = 12, 86%), or inherited from the mother in only one familial case. Down-inv dup(15) was mentioned in two cases. Unusual features including diaphragmatic eventration, hyperlaxity of joints, arachnodactyly, brain atrophy, epilepsy (particularly infantile spasm), ataxia, genital abnormalities, and cleft lip/palate were noted in those patients. This observation expands the range of phenotypic expression associated with this relatively common ESAC. Conclusion Marked phenotypic diversities exist in children with inv dup(15), dependent upon the size or genetic composition of the markers, degree of mosaicism, parental origin and familial occurrence or not. Patients with a larger inv dup(15) marker chromosome including the PW/ASCR may have a higher risk of abnormalities, but not the typical Prade-Willi/Angelman syndrome phenotype. Received: 11 February 1997 and in revised form: 20 May 1997 / Accepted: 20 May 1997