全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6933篇 |
免费 | 468篇 |
国内免费 | 196篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 92篇 |
儿科学 | 145篇 |
妇产科学 | 119篇 |
基础医学 | 1181篇 |
口腔科学 | 114篇 |
临床医学 | 663篇 |
内科学 | 1350篇 |
皮肤病学 | 153篇 |
神经病学 | 487篇 |
特种医学 | 506篇 |
外科学 | 841篇 |
综合类 | 71篇 |
预防医学 | 227篇 |
眼科学 | 245篇 |
药学 | 674篇 |
中国医学 | 128篇 |
肿瘤学 | 601篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 45篇 |
2022年 | 137篇 |
2021年 | 214篇 |
2020年 | 117篇 |
2019年 | 191篇 |
2018年 | 262篇 |
2017年 | 149篇 |
2016年 | 259篇 |
2015年 | 337篇 |
2014年 | 428篇 |
2013年 | 446篇 |
2012年 | 695篇 |
2011年 | 622篇 |
2010年 | 402篇 |
2009年 | 347篇 |
2008年 | 442篇 |
2007年 | 449篇 |
2006年 | 366篇 |
2005年 | 287篇 |
2004年 | 234篇 |
2003年 | 220篇 |
2002年 | 221篇 |
2001年 | 65篇 |
2000年 | 49篇 |
1999年 | 37篇 |
1998年 | 75篇 |
1997年 | 51篇 |
1996年 | 56篇 |
1995年 | 33篇 |
1994年 | 39篇 |
1993年 | 24篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 33篇 |
1988年 | 34篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1970年 | 4篇 |
1958年 | 14篇 |
1955年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有7597条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Ki CS Lee WY Han DH Sung DH Lee KB Lee KA Cho SS Cho S Hwang H Sohn KM Choi YJ Kim JW 《Journal of human genetics》2002,47(9):473-477
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders characterized
by slowly progressive spasticity and weakness of the lower extremities. Among eight loci linked with autosomal-dominant (AD)-HSP,
the SPG4 locus on chromosome 2p22 accounts for about 40% of all patients. Recently, mutations in a new member of the AAA protein family,
called spastin, have been identified as responsible for SPG4-linked AD-HSP. Here, we describe a novel missense mutation (c.1031T>A; I344K) in exon 7 of the SPG4 gene identified in a Korean family with typical clinical features of pure AD-HSP. The mutation affects the third amino acid
of the highly conserved AAA cassette domain, which is the most fore part of the domain altered by a missense mutation reported
so far. Clinical presentations of affected individuals carrying the I344K mutation were not different from those of pure AD-HSP
with SPG4 mutations reported previously. However, it is noteworthy that neither urinary dysfunction nor involvement of upper extremities
was noticed in this family. To our knowledge, this is the first report of genetically confirmed AD-HSP in Korea.
Received: February 20, 2002 / Accepted: May 21, 2002 相似文献
32.
The concept of using high-dose immunosuppressive treatment (HDIT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) to treat patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis has been provided by animal studies and anecdotal case reports. Over the past five years, an increasing number of patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis have received HDIT with ASCT as an adjunct to intense immunosuppression. Here, we present a case of refractory rheumatoid arthritis in a 54-yr-old woman using HDIT with ASCT. Peripheral blood stem cells were mobilized with cyclophosphamide (4 g/m(2)) followed by G-CSF (5 microg/kg/day). Leukapheresis continued daily until the number of harvested progenitor cells reached 2 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg after CliniMax CD34+ positive selection. For HDIT, high-dose cyclophosphamide (total dose 200 mg/kg) and antithymocyte globulin (total dose 90 mg/kg) were administered and CD34+ cells were infused 24 hr after HDIT. The patient tolerated the treatment well but experienced an episode of neutropenic fever. She achieved an early dramatic improvement of joint symptoms during therapy. Fifty percent of improvement of rheumatoid arthritis by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR 50) preliminary definition was fulfilled during the 6 months following ASCT. Although further long-term follow-up is required, the patient's activity of arthritis has been stable since receiving HDIT with ASCT. 相似文献
33.
Park HD Lee WK Ooya T Park KD Kim YH Yui N 《Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A》2003,66(3):596-604
Sulfonated polyrotaxanes (PRx-SO(3)'s), in which sulfonated alpha-cyclodextrins (alpha-CDs) were threaded onto the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segments in a PEG-b-poly(propylene glycol) (PPG)-b-PEG triblock copolymer (Pluronic) capped with benzyloxycarbonyl (Z)-L-phenylalanine (Z-L-Phe), were prepared as a novel surface-modifying biomaterial. Surface modification of the polyurethane (PU) was carried out by blending the PRx-SO(3)'s with a PU solution, followed by solution casting. The incorporated PRx-SO(3)'s led to the enhanced hydrophilicity by changing the surface properties of the PU matrix. Modified PUs showed the stable entrapment of the PRx-SO(3)'s with little extraction into water and enhanced mechanical properties after exposure to water compared to the PU control. The incorporated PRx-SO(3)'s repelled the proteins and kept them from closely approaching the surface areas, prevented platelet activation by thrombin, and effectively repelled bacteria. These results suggest that both the supramolecular structure of the polyrotaxanes and exposure of the sulfonated groups onto the surfaces contribute to these phenomena. Thus, surface modification with PRx-SO(3)'s is suggested to be useful for the fabrication of biocompatible medical devices. 相似文献
34.
Fugger EF; Black SH; Keyvanfar K; Schulman JD 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(9):2367-2370
The world's first deliveries of normal babies after use of flow cytometric
separated human sperm cells (MicroSort) for preconception gender selection
are reported. Offspring were of the desired female gender in 92.9% of the
pregnancies. Most of these pregnancies and births were achieved after
simple intrauterine insemination.
相似文献
35.
Ki H. Chon Richard J. Cohen Niels-Henrik Holstein-Rathlou 《Annals of biomedical engineering》1997,25(4):731-738
A linear and nonlinear autoregressive moving average (ARMA) identification algorithm is developed for modeling time series
data. The algorithm uses Laguerre expansion of kernals (LEK) to estimate Volterra-Wiener kernals. However, instead of estimating
linear and nonlinear system dynamics via moving average models, as is the case for the Volterra-Wiener analysis, we propose
an ARMA model-based approach. The proposed algorithm is essentially the same as LEK, but this algorithm is extended to include
past values of the ouput as well. Thus, all of the advantages associated with using the Laguerre function remain with our
algorithm; but, by extending the algorithm to the linear and nonlinear ARMA model, a significant reduction in the number of
Laguerre functions can be made, compared with the Volterra-Wiener approach. This translates into a more compact system representation
and makes the physiological interpretation of higher order kernels easier. Furthermore, simulation results show better performance
of the proposed approach in estimating the system dynamics than LEK in certain cases, and it remains effective in the presence
of significant additive measurement noise. 相似文献
36.
Mahadevaiah SK; Odorisio T; Elliott DJ; Rattigan A; Szot M; Laval SH; Washburn LL; McCarrey JR; Cattanach BM; Lovell-Badge R; Burgoyne PS 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(4):715-727
An RNA-binding motif (RBM) gene family has been identified on the human Y
chromosome that maps to the same deletion interval as the 'azoospermia
factor' (AZF). We have identified the homologous gene family (Rbm) on the
mouse Y with a view to investigating the proposal that this gene family
plays a role in spermatogenesis. At least 25 and probably >50 copies of
Rbm are present on the mouse Y chromosome short arm located between Sry and
the centromere. As in the human, a role in spermatogenesis is indicated by
a germ cell-specific pattern of expression in the testis, but there are
distinct differences in the pattern of expression between the two species.
Mice carrying the deletion Yd1, that maps to the proximal Y short arm, are
female due to a position effect resulting in non-expression of Sry ;
sex-reversing such mice with an Sry transgene produces males with a high
incidence of abnormal sperm, making this the third deletion interval on the
mouse Y that affects some aspect of spermatogenesis. Most of the copies of
Rbm map to this deletion interval, and the Yd1males have markedly reduced
Rbm expression, suggesting that RBM deficiency may be responsible for, or
contribute to, the abnormal sperm development. In man, deletion of the
functional copies of RBM is associated with meiotic arrest rather than
sperm anomalies; however, the different effects of deletion are consistent
with the differences in expression between the two species.
相似文献
37.
38.
39.
Lee CH Lee MK Kang CD Kim YD Park DY Kim JY Sol MY Suh KS 《Journal of Korean medical science》2003,18(2):196-203
This study aimed to evaluate whether the elevated level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) correlated with histologic types, angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, and clinical parameters in common non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). We performed immunohistochemical stains using paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 84 cases of operable NSCLC [No. of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 45; No. of adenocarcinoma (AC), 39]. HIF-1alpha expression was related with histologic types (66.7% in SCCs vs 20.5% in ACs, p<0.001), but not with lymph node status, tumor stage, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, microvessel density (MVD), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) index (p>0.05, respectively). As for the histologic types, MVD and PCNA index were significantly higher in SCCs than in ACs (p=0.009 and p=0.016, respectively). Among HIF-1alpha positive carcinomas, MVD was significantly higher in HIF-1alpha positive SCCs than in HIF-1alpha positive ACs (p=0.023). The overall survival curves were not associated with HIF-1alpha expression or any other histologic parameters (p>0.05). These findings suggest that HIF-1alpha expression in NSCLCs may play a differential role according to histologic types, but its prognostic significance is indeterminate. 相似文献
40.
To investigate the relationships of trace element concentrations vs hematopoiesis and iron parameters, we measured lead, copper, zinc, cadmium, and ferritin levels in 251 healthy adolescents. Concentrations of trace metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. There were no significant gender-related differences in serum copper or serum cadmium concentrations. However, blood lead and serum zinc levels were significantly higher in males than females (3.82+/- 1.24 and 118.4 +/- 43.7 microg/dl vs 2.86+/- 1.06 and 83.5+/- 35.2 microg/dl, p<0.05, respectively). Subjects with elevated lead and copper concentrations exhibited significantly higher leukocyte counts and significantly lower serum iron levels than those with decreased lead and copper concentrations, but no significant differences were observed in blood erythrocyte counts or hemoglobin levels between the 2 groups. Blood lead concentrations were 2-fold higher in male adolescents with leukocytes >9.1 x 10(3)/microl than in those with leukocytes <4.3 x 10(3)/microl (5.04+/- 1.67 microg/dl vs 2.51+/- 0.75 microg/dl, p<0.05). Leukocyte counts had significant correlations with blood lead (r=0.39, p<0.05) and serum copper (r=0.26, p<0.05) in males and zinc (r=0.28, p <0.05) in females. Serum iron levels were inversely correlated with blood lead and serum copper concentrations but were not correlated with serum zinc or cadmium levels. In short, blood lead and serum copper concentrations have important relationships to leukocyte counts and iron parameters in adolescents. 相似文献