Non-invasive electrophysiology in glaucoma,structure and function—a review

Glaucoma, its early diagnosis, and monitoring of interventions remain an ongoing challenge. We here review developments in functional assessment and its relation to morphology, evaluating recent insights in electrophysiology in glaucoma and highlighting how glaucoma research and diagnostics benefit from combined approaches of OCT and electrophysiological investigations. After concise overviews of OCT and non-invasive electrophysiology in glaucoma, we evaluate commonalities and complementarities of OCT and electrophysiology for our understanding of glaucoma. As a specific topic, the dynamic range (floor effects) of the various techniques is discussed.Subject terms: Predictive markers, Physiology     

A Rare Case of Aspergillus Pericarditis with Associated Myocardial Abscess and Echocardiographic Response to Therapy

Myocardial abscess is an extremely rare entity and is often deadly in nature. We present a case of a patient with recent orthotopic liver transplant, on immunosuppression, who presented with cardiac tamponade due to Aspergillus fumigatus pericarditis and associated myocardial abscess. The diagnosis was made based on computed tomography imaging, culture of pericardial fluid for Aspergillus, and transthoracic echocardiography. The patient received antifungal therapy with clinical improvement and documented reduction in abscess size based on repeat echocardiogram. Aspergillus myocardial abscess is an extremely rare diagnosis but should be considered in an immunosuppressed patient presenting with pericardial effusion or ventricular mass.     

Abdominal anaphylaxis presenting as trauma: a recipe for delayed diagnosis

Background: Successful shock management requires prompt identification, classification, and treatment; however, the triage of patients with non-hemorrhagic shock to the trauma room can lead to delayed diagnosis with increased morbidity and mortality. Objective: Our goal is to emphasize the importance of shock identification and classification to facilitate the delivery of the appropriate and timely therapy, no matter how the patient is triaged. Case Report: We describe a patient triaged as a trauma patient with suspected hemorrhagic shock yet who was found to have anaphylaxis as the etiology of his condition. Abdominal anaphylaxis, a less recognized presentation of anaphylaxis, is reviewed and discussed. Conclusions: We hope to increase awareness of a less common presentation of anaphylaxis and discuss its management.