全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12482篇 |
免费 | 424篇 |
国内免费 | 71篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 148篇 |
儿科学 | 256篇 |
妇产科学 | 81篇 |
基础医学 | 1528篇 |
口腔科学 | 326篇 |
临床医学 | 623篇 |
内科学 | 2963篇 |
皮肤病学 | 106篇 |
神经病学 | 1087篇 |
特种医学 | 493篇 |
外科学 | 2073篇 |
综合类 | 87篇 |
预防医学 | 384篇 |
眼科学 | 437篇 |
药学 | 1017篇 |
中国医学 | 79篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1289篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 37篇 |
2022年 | 78篇 |
2021年 | 158篇 |
2020年 | 101篇 |
2019年 | 110篇 |
2018年 | 160篇 |
2017年 | 121篇 |
2016年 | 187篇 |
2015年 | 192篇 |
2014年 | 261篇 |
2013年 | 397篇 |
2012年 | 660篇 |
2011年 | 741篇 |
2010年 | 398篇 |
2009年 | 337篇 |
2008年 | 706篇 |
2007年 | 845篇 |
2006年 | 868篇 |
2005年 | 898篇 |
2004年 | 934篇 |
2003年 | 887篇 |
2002年 | 937篇 |
2001年 | 175篇 |
2000年 | 131篇 |
1999年 | 170篇 |
1998年 | 243篇 |
1997年 | 213篇 |
1996年 | 186篇 |
1995年 | 160篇 |
1994年 | 166篇 |
1993年 | 142篇 |
1992年 | 111篇 |
1991年 | 119篇 |
1990年 | 105篇 |
1989年 | 89篇 |
1988年 | 72篇 |
1987年 | 79篇 |
1986年 | 65篇 |
1985年 | 73篇 |
1984年 | 77篇 |
1983年 | 57篇 |
1982年 | 62篇 |
1981年 | 57篇 |
1980年 | 66篇 |
1979年 | 43篇 |
1978年 | 45篇 |
1977年 | 35篇 |
1975年 | 26篇 |
1974年 | 24篇 |
1973年 | 25篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
82.
Kitada S Maekura R Toyoshima N Naka T Fujiwara N Kobayashi M Yano I Ito M Kobayashi K 《Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology》2005,12(1):44-51
We report the development of a serodiagnostic method for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease with an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with the MAC-specific glycopeptidolipid (GPL) core as the antigen. In this study, we confirmed by EIA that the GPL core antibody was in the sera of immunocompetent patients with MAC disease. The EIA for quantifying the GPL core antibody was evaluated as a clinical tool for serodiagnosis of pulmonary MAC disease. A significant increase in GPL core antibodies (immunoglobulins G, A, and M) was detected in sera of patients with MAC pulmonary diseases when they were compared to patients who were colonized with MAC, patients with Mycobacterium kansasii disease or tuberculosis, and healthy subjects. The sensitivities and specificities of the GPL core-based EIA for diagnosis of MAC pulmonary disease were 72.6% and 92.2%, respectively, for IgG, 92.5% and 95.1%, respectively, for IgA, and 78.3% and 91.0%, respectively, for IgM. The best sensitivity and specificity were obtained by measuring immunoglobulin A antibodies against GPL core antigen. The level of GPL core antibodies reflected disease activity, since it decreased in cured MAC patients who had responded to chemotherapy. Measurement of serum antibodies against GPL core is useful for both diagnosis and assessment of disease activity in MAC disease of the lung. 相似文献
83.
BACKGROUND: Recent researches on theory of mind (ToM) in patients with mood disorders have revealed deficits of ToM ability during episodes. In this study, we aimed to test ToM ability among patients with unipolar or bipolar depression currently in remission. METHODS: ToM ability and IQ obtained by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) were evaluated in 50 patients with remitted depression, who met the criteria of mood disorders of DSM-IV, and 50 matched healthy controls. RESULTS: The patients with mood disorders showed statistically significant impairment in a second-order false question (Fisher's Exact Test p < 0.0001). No significant difference was shown in the other three areas of ToM between the patients and the controls. In addition, no correlation of the four areas of ToM with IQ obtained by WAIS-R was found. LIMITATIONS: The relation of ToM deficit to other specific cognitive impairment was not examined. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that depressive patients in symptomatic remission have a lower ability of second-order false belief. The ToM impairment suggests a decline of skillful social relationships. Evaluation of ToM ability in depressive patients in remission may be useful to provide treatment for better social adjustment. 相似文献
84.
Kazuo Nagashima Hisako Endo Koko Sakakibara Yumiko Konishi Ko Miyachi Jau Jinn Wey Yoshiyuki Suzuki Jinichi Onisawa 《Pathology international》1976,26(1):115-132
An autopsy case of a 19-year-old boy who had shown typical gargoyle features, strictly consistent with mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter's syndrome) was reported. Histologically, cytoplasmic vacuolar change was found In hepatocytes, sinusoidal epithelium of spleen, follicular cells of thyroid, Sertoli cells of testis, chromophobe cell of pituitary and generalized fibroblast-like cells including meninges, cardiac valve and periosteum. The vacuoles consisting of membrane-bound structures with flocculus protein-like material and occasional electron dense bodies on electron microscopy, were considered to be the site of mucopolysaccharide deposition by histochemical analysis. Deposition of lipid material consistent with so-called membranous cytoplasmic body was observed in the neurons of central, peripheral and autonomic nervous system. Hepatosplenomegaly could be explained by cytoplasmic deposition, but the cause of cardiomegaly remained further to be studied. Biochemically hepatic mucopolysaccharide was identified as heparan sulfate, while in the kidney dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate were detected. The correlation between morphology and biochemistry, and between deposition and degeneration was discussed. 相似文献
85.
Junko Watanabe Masami Taniguchi Kiyoshi Takahashi Takemasa Nakagawa Yukihiro Ooya Akira Akazawa Kazuo Akiyama 《Arerugī》2006,55(11):1421-1428
PURPOSE: To enable international comparison of prevalence in asthma, we translated and evaluated ECRHS Questionnaire, which is introduced in GINA. Considering COPD prevalence in elder people, we added two questions to the ECRHS Questionnaire. METHOD: The Japanese edition of ECRHS Questionnaire was responded by 366 patients who were diagnosed asthma without COPD, 61 patients who were diagnosed COPD without asthma, and 137 healthy persons who were not diagnosed asthma or COPD. We analyzed the answers of the each group and evaluated the validity of the questionnaire to use for the nation-wide prevalence study of adult asthma in future. RESULTS: The question of 'Wheezing at any time in the last 12 months' had the highest Youden's index and validity to pick up asthma patients. The questions of 'Waking up with a feeling of tightness in chest at any time in the last 12 months' and 'Waking up by an attack of shortness of breath at any time in the last 12 month' had the highest specificity to pick up asthma patients. Most of the questions which were related asthma were able to be answered by asthma patients properly, but some questions were improperly answered by patients and healthy persons in elderly. The results in this study showed the less recognition of their diseases in elderly patients than younger patients and the limitation of the study with written questionnaire for elderly people. Not a few COPD patients complained wheezing or whistling in the chests as same as asthma patients in this study. CONCLUSION: We concluded that we had almost enough reliability in the Japanese edition of the ECRHS questionnaire for screening survey of asthma prevalence in Japan. 相似文献
86.
Satoshi Yamagiwa Yuh Kuwano Katsuhiko Hasegawa Kazunari Sato Kazuo Ohtsuka Tsuneo Iiai Katsuhiro Tomiyama Hisami Watanabe Satoshi Sugahara Shuhji Seki Hitoshi Asakura Toru Abo 《European journal of immunology》1996,26(7):1409-1416
Mice carrying the lpr gene, SCG and MRL-lpr/lpr mice, were used to characterize the phenotype and lpr gene of abnormally proliferating T cells in these mice. A major population which expanded in these mice were T cells expressing intermediate (int) levels of T cell receptor (TCR) (and CD3) and the phenotype of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R)βlo α? (possibly abnormal TCRint cells). The levels of TCRhi cells of thymic origin (generated through the mainstream of T cell differentiation in the thymus) profoundly decreased after the onset of disease. However, a small population of normal TCRint cells (i.e. IL-2Rβhi α?) were also found to exist in all tested organs. For example, the majority of abnormal IL-2Rβlo TCRint cells were CD4?8? CD2?, while normal IL-2Rβhi TCRint cells were a mixture of single-positive cells (mainly CD8+), CD4?8? cells and CD2+ cells. Moreover, normal TCRint cells preferentially produced normal Fas mRNA and Fas molecules from the lpr gene. This phenomenon explains the leaky appearance of normal Fas mRNA and Fas molecules in mice carrying the lpr gene. It is suggested that a small population of IL-2RβhiTCRint cells are resistant to the lpr genetic abnormality. 相似文献
87.
88.
Toshihiko Fujimoto Masatoshi Itoh Manabu Tashiro Keiichiro Yamaguchi Kazuo Kubota Hiroaki Ohmori 《European journal of applied physiology》2000,83(4-5):297-302
The purpose of this study was to examine, by positron emission tomography (PET), the distribution of [18F]fluoro-deoxy-glucose ([18F]FDG) uptake by human muscles during 35?min of running. Thirteen healthy male subjects were studied, seven of whom participated in the exercise study. Running intensity was kept constant such that the subjects' heart rates were maintained at between 140 and 150?beats per minute. [18F]FDG [62.9 (14.8)?MBq, mean (SD)] was injected after 15?min of running. PET imaging was started immediately after the running ended. The ratio of [18F]FDG uptake by muscles in runners to that in control subjects (r-c ratio) varied from three to six for the muscles of the foot and leg below the knee joint. The r-c ratio of the medial head of the gastrocnemius (MG) was higher than that of its lateral head (LG). The r-c ratio of the rectus femoris (RF) was lower than that of the other three muscles of the quadriceps femoris (QF). The r-c ratio of inactive muscles located above the waist was approximately 0.7. These results suggest that, during the moderate running of this study: (1) glucose uptake by muscles of the foot and leg below the knee joint clearly increases, (2) the r-c ratio differs significantly among the skeletal muscles, which act synergistically, and (3) glucose uptake by inactive skeletal muscles decreases. 相似文献
89.
Sengoku K Takuma N Miyamoto T Horikawa M Ishikawa M 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2004,19(3):639-644
BACKGROUND: We investigated whether integrins are required forthe human spermoocyte binding and fusion processes. METHODS:The expression of several integrin subunits at the human oocyteplasma membrane was investigated using immunofluorescence microscopy,and the functional role of integrins expressed at the humanoocyte surface in spermoocyte interaction was studiedusing a zona-free human oocyte binding and fusion assay. A totalof 144 unfertilized oocytes were stained with anti-integrinantibodies and 147 zona-free unfertilized oocytes were inseminatedin the presence of various anti-integrin antibodies that wereexpressed in oocyte plasma membrane. RESULTS: The antibodiesof six integrin subunits (2, 3, 5, 6, V, M) and six integrinsubunits (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) were bound to the surface of fixedunfertilized oocytes. In contrast, the presence of 1 and 4 subunitscould not be verified. The human spermoocyte bindingwas only partially inhibited by blocking antibodies of 2, 3,5, 6, V, M, 1, 2 and 3 with a maximum of 55% inhibition, butantibodies of 4, 5 and 6 showed no effect on spermoolemmalbinding. A similar reduction of the number of fused sperm wasobserved. However, the ratio of fused sperm to total sperm (boundand fused) was not impaired by all integrin antibodies, suggestingthat integrins had no role in the spermoolemmal fusionprocess. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that one of thebinding mechanisms can be inhibited by integrin antibodies butthat this mechanism does not play an essential role in the humanspermoolemmal binding and fusion processes. The othermechanisms, insensitive to integrins, may involve both bindingand fusion processes in human oocytes. 相似文献
90.
Hozumi Katsuto; Kondo Motonari; Nozaki Hideki; Kobori Akiko; Nishimura Takashi; Nishikawa Shin-Ichi; Sugamura Kazuo; Habu Sonoko 《International immunology》1994,6(9):1451-1454
The effects of IL-7 on the growth and differentiation of thymocyteswere analyzed using murine fetal thymua organ cultures (FTOC)in the presence of mAbs specific for the conventional IL-7 receptor(1L-7R) and for the common (c) chain. In FTOC, the developmentof CD4–CD8– double-negative thymocytes to CD4+CD8+double-positive (DP) and CD4+ or CD8+ single-positive (SP) cellswas not completely blocked by adding these mAbs, although cellgrowth was reduced by the treatment. To define a developingstage sensitive to the mAbs, most immature thymocytes, Pgp-1+c-kit cells, were cultured in the 2-deoxyguartosine treatedfetal thymus. In the presence of both mAbs in the culture, neitherDP nor SP thymocytes developed whereas either of the mAbs partiallyblocked their development. These results indicate that the Cchain is involved in early T cell development as an indispensablesubunlt of the functional IL-7 receptor complex. 相似文献