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101.
Kamsteeg EJ Savelkoul PJ Hendriks G Konings IB Nivillac NM Lagendijk AK van der Sluijs P Deen PM 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》2008,455(6):1041-1054
To stimulate renal water reabsorption, vasopressin induces phosphorylation of Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channels at S256 and
their redistribution from vesicles to the apical membrane, whereas vasopressin removal results in AQP2 ubiquitination at K270
and its internalization to multivesicular bodies (MVB). AQP2-E258K causes dominant nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), but
its subcellular location is unclear, and the molecular reason for its involvement in dominant NDI is unknown. To unravel these,
AQP2-E258K was studied in transfected polarized Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. In MDCK cells, AQP2-E258K mainly localized
to MVB/lysosomes (Lys). Upon coexpression, wild-type (wt) AQP2 and AQP2-E258K formed multimers, which also localized to MVB/Lys,
independent of forskolin stimulation. Orthophosphate labeling revealed that forskolin increased phosphorylation of wt-AQP2
and AQP2-E258K but not AQP2-S256A, indicating that the E258K mutation does not interfere with the AQP2 phosphorylation at
S256. In contrast to wt-AQP2 but consistent with the introduced protein kinase C (PKC) consensus site, AQP2-E258K was phosphorylated
by phorbol esters. Besides the 29-kDa band, however, an additional band of about 35 kDa was observed for AQP2-E258K only,
which represented AQP2-E258K uniquely monoubiquitinated at K228 only. Analysis of several mutants interfering with AQP2-E258K
phosphorylation, and/or ubiquitination, however, revealed that the MVB/lysosomal sorting of AQP2-E258K occurred independent
of its monoubiquitination or phosphorylation by PKC. Instead, our data reveal that the loss of the E258 in AQP2-E258K is fundamental
to its missorting to MVB/Lys and indicate that this amino acid has an important role in the proper structure formation of
the C-terminal tail of AQP2. 相似文献
102.
103.
Performance comparison of deep sequencing platforms for detecting HIV‐1 variants in the pol gene 下载免费PDF全文
104.
Crosstalk between components of the innate immune system: promoting anti-microbial defenses and avoiding immunopathologies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary: Because it reaches full functional efficacy rapidly upon encounter with a pathogen, the innate immune system is considered as the first line of defense against infections. The sensing of microbes or of transformed or infected cells, through innate immune recognition receptors (referred to as activating I2R2), initiates pro-inflammatory responses and innate immune effector functions. Other I2R2 with inhibitory properties bind self-ligands constitutively expressed in host. However, this dichotomy in the recognition of foreign or induced self versus constitutive self by I2R2 is not always respected in certain non-infectious conditions reminiscent of immunopathologies. In this review, we discuss that immune mechanisms have evolved to avoid inappropriate inflammatory disorders in individuals. Molecular crossregulation exists between components of I2R2 signaling pathways, and intricate interactions between cells from both innate and adaptive immune systems set the bases of controlled immune responses. We also pinpoint that, like T or B cells, some cells of the innate immune system must go through education processes to prevent autoreactivity. In addition, we illustrate how gene expression profiling of immune cell types is a useful tool to find functional homologies between cell subsets of different species and to speculate about unidentified functions of these cells in the responses to pathogen infections. 相似文献
105.
Ahmed Lasfar Jeffry R. Cook Karine A. Cohen Solal Kenneth Reuhl Sergei V. Kotenko Jerome A. Langer Debra L. Laskin 《Immunology》2014,142(3):442-452
Separate ligand–receptor paradigms are commonly used for each type of interferon (IFN). However, accumulating evidence suggests that type I and type II IFNs may not be restricted to independent pathways. Using different cell types deficient in IFNAR1, IFNAR2, IFNGR1, IFNGR2 and IFN‐γ, we evaluated the contribution of each element of the IFN system to the activity of type I and type II IFNs. We show that deficiency in IFNAR1 or IFNAR2 is associated with impairment of type II IFN activity. This impairment, presumably resulting from the disruption of the ligand–receptor complex, is obtained in all cell types tested. However, deficiency of IFNGR1, IFNGR2 or IFN‐γ was associated with an impairment of type I IFN activity in spleen cells only, correlating with the constitutive expression of type II IFN (IFN‐γ) observed on those cells. Therefore, in vitro the constitutive expression of both the receptors and the ligands of type I or type II IFN is critical for the enhancement of the IFN activity. Any IFN deficiency can totally or partially impair IFN activity, suggesting the importance of type I and type II IFN interactions. Taken together, our results suggest that type I and type II IFNs may regulate biological activities through distinct as well as common IFN receptor complexes. 相似文献
106.
Comparison of EBV DNA viral load in whole blood,plasma, B‐cells and B‐cell culture supernatant 下载免费PDF全文
107.
Kerjean A Couvert P Heams T Chalas C Poirier K Chelly J Jouannet P Paldi A Poirot C 《European journal of human genetics : EJHG》2003,11(7):493-496
In vitro folliculogenesis of cryopreserved ovarian tissue could be an effective method for insuring fertility for patients who receive gonadotoxic treatment. Although several culture systems have been described for growing female gametes in vitro, the production of competent oocytes for further development remains a considerable challenge. The purpose of our study was to determine whether maternal primary imprinting progresses normally during mouse oocyte growth in vitro. We analysed the DNA methylation status of differentially methylated regions of the imprinted genes H19, Mest/Peg1 and Igf2R using fully grown germinal vesicle-stage oocytes (fg oocytes) produced by in vitro folliculogenesis from early preantral follicles. When compared to fg oocytes removal from control females, we observed after in vitro development, a loss of methylation at the Igf2R locus in six out of seven independent experiments and Mest/Peg1 locus (one out of seven), and a gain of methylation at the H19 locus (one out of seven). These results provide insight into the dysregulation of the process of primary imprinting during oocyte growth in vitro and highlight the need for effective new biomarkers to identify complete nuclear reprogramming competence after in vitro folliculogenesis. 相似文献
108.
Big cystic lesions of the retroperitoneum are rare entities. Most of the cases involved females of reproductive age and were
related to ovarian structures. The recommended treatment is surgery, and more than 90% of the reported cases were resected
in an open midline abdominal incision. We present two patients who were referred to our clinic due to abdominal mass that
was causing vague abdominal pain. Homogenic retroperitoneal cystic mass was demonstrated on computerized tomography (CT).
One was resected by laparoscopy and the other by laparotomy, both revealed a mucinous cystadenoma of the retroperitoneum.
A review of the literature is also presented. 相似文献
109.
Karine Flem Karlsen Erin McFadden Vivi Ann Flørenes Ben Davidson 《Gynecologic oncology》2019,152(2):408-415
Objective
The objective of this study was to analyze the expression level and clinical role of soluble AXL (sAXL) in cancers affecting the serosal surfaces, with focus on ovarian carcinoma.Methods
sAXL protein expression by ELISA was analyzed in 572 effusion supernatants, including 424 peritoneal, 147 pleural and 1 pericardial specimens.Results
sAXL was overexpressed in peritoneal effusions compared to pleural and pericardial specimens (p?<?0.001). sAXL levels were additionally significantly higher in effusions from patients with ovarian carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma and breast carcinoma compared to specimens from patients with other cancers (predominantly carcinomas of lung, gastrointestinal or uterine corpus/cervix origin) or benign reactive effusions (p?<?0.001). sAXL was further overexpressed in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC; n?=?373) compared to low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC; n?=?32; p?=?0.036). In HGSC, sAXL levels were significantly lower in post-chemotherapy effusions compared to primary diagnosis pre-chemotherapy specimens (p?=?0.002). sAXL levels in HGSC were unrelated to chemoresponse at diagnosis, progression-free survival or overall survival. Levels were similarly unrelated to survival in LGSC and breast carcinoma.Conclusions
sAXL is widely expressed in malignant effusions, particularly in ovarian and breast carcinoma and in malignant mesothelioma. sAXL is overexpressed in HGSC compared to LGSC and its levels are lower following exposure to chemotherapy. However, sAXL levels are not informative of chemoresponse or survival. 相似文献110.
Anne Elizabeth Chambers Craig Fairbairn Marco Gaudoin Walter Mills Irene Woo Raj Pandian Frank Z. Stanczyk Karine Chung Subhasis Banerjee 《Reproductive biomedicine online》2019,38(2):159-168