Endoscopic intubation of the trachea in emergencies

The article presents the results of performing endoscopic intubation of the trachea under emergency situations in patients and victims of traumatic and pyo-inflammatory alterations of organs and tissue of the neck. The technique of the trachea intubation is described. It was noted that in such patients there appear serious problems during the intubation of the trachea by the method of direct laryngoscopy which are due to considerable disturbances of the anatomo-topographic interrelations of the organs, marked edema of the tissues and by the presence of the pathological content in the lumen of the oro- and laryngopharynx. The trachea intubation performed under the control of vision with the help of a bronchofibroscope allows to avoid additional traumatization of the tissue of the oro- and laryngopharynx, to rapidly introduce the endotracheal tube into the trachea without hypoxia, to perform sanitation of the oral cavity, pharynx and the tracheobronchial tree.     

Treatment of trophic ulcers in chronic venous insufficiency using bio-transplants

The results of treatment of 66 patients with trophic ulcer in postthrombophlebitic syndrome, using biological lining, manufactured from mollusc of Cephalopoda genus owing properties of semipermeable biological membrane, were analyzed. Application of biogenic linings had promoted the results of patients treatment improvement due to quickening of epithelization and formation of ripe granular tissue.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of Mirizzi's syndrome

Retrospective analysis was done concerning the course of cholelithic disease, the results of laboratory, ultrasonographic, radiological, endoscopical methods of investigation, conducted in 52 patients with different forms of Mirizzi syndrome. The method and extent of surgical correction of the disease are recommended.     

Opportunity of operative traumatism decrease in patients with complicated tricuspid valve defect

This study examined the results of surgical trivalve of 44 patients with trivalve heart defect. In all the patients the heart defect was combined with two and more complicating factors: advanced III-degree calcinosis of the valves, cardiomegaly, cardiac fibrillation, left atrium thrombosis, high pulmonary hypertension. In 20 patients the operative intervention on the heart was repeated. The analysis of the results allowed to recommend some surgical techniques which allowed to decrease surgical traumatism in patients with complicated trivalve heart defect. Low traumatism was possible because of incomplete removal of the calcium masses extending on the fibrotic ring and outside, use of two-row counter U-suture on linings for the prosthesis fixing, transdoubleatrial approach without isolation of the heart from the adhesions in dense pericardial obliteration, correction even insignificant trivalve heart defect or relative valve incompetence.     

Analysis of mental functions in patients after coronary bypass surgery

The neuropsychological examination was carried out in 18 men (study group), mean age 59.7 +/- 6.6 years, before and after aorto-coronary bypass. The neuropsychological tests were carried out 2-3 days before operation and 14-16 days after it. 12 non-operated men with coronary artery disease, mean age 60.0 +/- 6.7 years, were studied as a control group. In control group the neuropsychological tests were conducted with a 16-19 day interval. The tests examined short-term verbal and visual memory, semantic memory. At statistical analysis of the results the mean values and confidential intervals were calculated allowing for Student's coefficient. In control group at consecutive tests the negative dynamics of the results was not revealed. The comparison of the tests results in the study group patients before and after operation revealed the a decrease of neuropsychological parameters by 20-40% on the average irrespective of material modality. Features of cognitive changes revealed in early postoperative period, testifies to diencephalic type of the disorders.     

Substitution of an extensive defect of tissues after resection of the sternum in tumors

An original method of substitution of great defect of the soft tissues and osteochondral part of the chest wall after resection of the sternum for a malignant tumor is described. Operations were made on 4 patients. Favorable results were noted in all the patients. The terms of follow-up were from 6 to 25 months.     

The use of adaptive-repositioning apparatus for the closing of granulating soft-tissue wounds

The authors propose a new method of closing granulating wounds by attaching its edges with the help of an adaptation-reposition apparatus. This method was used in treatment of 53 patients with granulating wounds of different localization. Good results were noted in 88.7% and satisfactory ones in 11.3%. The method was shown to be highly efficient as compared with the control group.     

A "neuromyo-test-response 01" device for neuromuscular function control during anesthesia

The paper outlines the technical data and procedure of using a new "neuromyotest-response-01" device designed by the Novye Pribory (New Devices) Medical Engineering Center (Samara) for estimation of the level of neuromuscular block.     

The measurement of the dynamic range of digital systems for visualizing x-ray images

The paper presents a procedure to measure the dynamic range of digital X-ray image visualization systems, which is used for acceptance and certification tests of this class of equipment. The procedure is based on the use of experimental dependences of transmission of a narrow X-ray beam on the thickness of an aluminium or copper absorber (filter).