喉鳞状细胞癌组织体外原代培养的初步研究

目的 应用体外培养技术,对喉鳞状细胞癌组织进行体外培养,探讨喉鳞癌组织原代培养中的各种影响因素,为建立人喉鳞癌组织的细胞系提供实验基础。方法采用体外组织培养技术,对24例人喉鳞状细胞癌组织进行原代培养,观察原代培养中肿瘤细胞的生长与供体的年龄、肿瘤组织的分化程度及不同培养方法的关系,分析在人喉鳞癌细胞的培养中成纤维细胞、微生物污染的影响。结果 24例人喉鳞状细胞癌组织标本,年龄小于60岁组的细胞生长率为31.25％(5/16例),年龄大于60岁组为37.5％(3/8例);高分化组为100％(2/2例),中分化组为30.8％(4/13例),低分化组25％(2/8例);组织块培养法为43.75％(7/16例),酶消化法培养为10％(1/10例);倒置显微镜下观察,在培养的第5～7天,在贴壁组织块周围可见到有上皮样细胞爬出。全部标本中,成纤维细胞的过度生长和微生物的污染是阻碍人喉鳞癌细胞生长的重要因素。结论培养组织的细胞生长率与供体的年龄关系不大;肿瘤组织的分化程度较高者,细胞的生长率较高;与酶消化分离培养法相比,贴壁组织块培养法的细胞生长率较高;成纤维细胞及微生物的污染是阻碍人喉鳞癌细胞系建立的重要因素。     

γ射线对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞增殖和周期影响

目的：探讨γ射线对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）抑制作用机理。方法：对大鼠VSMCs进行原代培养，经^3H-TdR掺入法观察γ射线对VSMCs增殖情况影响，应用流式细胞仪检测γ射线对VSMCs细胞周期的影响。采用Western Blot技术检测γ射线对VSMCs p53、细胞周期素D（cyclin D)和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达的影响。结果：γ射线对寻殖的抑制作用呈剂量依赖性。γ射线照射可诱导VSMCs出现G1期阻滞，在照射后一定时间内会导致p53表达增强，cyclinD和PCNA表达减弱，结论：γ射线可抑制VSMCs增殖，其机制可能主要是γ射线诱导VSMCs出现G1期阻滞，抑制VSMCs进行有丝分裂，在这个过程中p53,cyclinD和PCNA等分子起到一定作用。     

Proteus syndrome

Abstract: This female Asian (Malay) baby had clinical features of Proteus syndrome. She had a large right facial lipolymphangioma with hyperpigmentation of the overlying skin. There was a smaller lymphangioma over the left side of her neck with excess nuchal folds, macrodactyly and bilateral talipes equinovarus. Despite the extensive hemifacial swelling, there was no evidence of upper respiratory tract obstruction. Generalized seizures developed on the sixth day of life which were controlled with phenobarbital. The lymphangiomas were excised without recurrence.     

Comparing sulindac with indomethacin for closure of ductus arteriosus in preterm infants

Objectives: A prospective study comparing the efficiacy and side-effects of oral sulindac with intravenous indomethacin in clinically stable preterm infants (<1750 g) requiring non-invasive closure of haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus.
Methodology: As maturity and birthweight are the two major determinants of ductal closure, infants were matched as closely as possible for these parameters. An eligible patient was first assigned to the sulindac group and a subsequent patient with similar gestational age (± 1 week) and birthweight (±100 g) to the previously recruited infant would automatically receive indomethacin. A total of eight infants were enrolled in each group.
Results: The ductus arteriosus was successfully closed in all eight infants receiving indomethacin, and in seven of eight infants receiving sulindac. No significant differences were found with regards to the ductal size between the two groups at diagnosis or on each of the consecutive days of treatment ( P >0.25). More renal adverse effects were encountered in the indomethacin group. Significant differences in changes from baseline value for urine output, plasma sodium, urea and creatinine concentrations were noted at 24, 48 and 72 h after commencement of treatment between the two groups ( P <0.05). All the parameters returned to normal or pre-treatment levels 48 h after stopping therapy. Unexpectedly, severe gastrointestinal complications were encountered in the sulindac group.
Conclusions: Sulindac is capable of promoting ductal constriction in clinically stable preterm infants without compromising the renal function. The spectrum of gastrointestinal complications observed in sulindac treated infants were similar to those described for indomethacin. The use of sulindac for ductal closure in the preterm infant should remain experimental.     

膳食结构及身体活动度对攀枝花城乡居民血脂水平的影响

目的分析评价膳食结构和身体活动度对攀枝花城乡居民血脂水平的影响。方法随机整群抽取攀枝花城乡居民863人进行血脂水平的测定,以系统抽样的方法选择其中99人,通过食物频度问卷及身体活动度问卷定量评价膳食结构和身体活动度对人群血脂水平的影响。结果城乡居民总体血脂异常的患病率为36.0%,城镇居民TC、TG及LDL-C水平显著高于乡村居民(P<0.01),而HDL-C水平城乡无显著差异(P>0.05)。城乡居民平均每人每日能量摄入量差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),能量消耗量城镇显著低于乡村(P<0.01),城镇居民脂肪及胆固醇的摄入量显著高于乡村(P<0.01),碳水化合物及膳食纤维的摄入量低于乡村(P<0.05),Keys脂质分值显著高于乡村(P<0.01)。结论应针对人群特点,进行适当的健康教育,改善膳食结构,增强体力活动,以获得理想的血脂水平。     

凌晨3:00皮下注射短效胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病黎明现象

目的:观察应用凌晨3:00皮下注射短效胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病黎明现象的疗效。方法:对40例有黎明现象的2型糖尿病患者,使用短效胰岛素凌晨3:00注射4~6U。抽取肘静脉血测定空腹血糖(FPG)及早餐后2h血糖(2hPG),免疫比浊法测定糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),比较治疗前后上述指标变化。结果:本组患者FPG从治疗前(9.5±1.6)mmol/L下降至(6.0±0.4)mmol/L,治疗2个月后仍保持为(5.6±0.4)mmol/L;2hPG从治疗前(13.8±0.8)mmol/L下降至(7.4±0.4)mmol/L,在治疗2个月后保持为(7.9±0.3)mmol/L;FPG和2hPG与治疗前比较,均具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。治疗2个月后,HbA1c从治疗前(8.3±0.6)%下降至(6.5±0.3)%,与治疗前比较,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:短效胰岛素强化治疗黎明现象具有快速稳定的降血糖和降糖化血红蛋白作用。     

Effect of a structured asthma education program on hospitalized asthmatic children: A randomized controlled study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of an intensive asthma education program (group B) with that of a standard asthma education program (group A). METHODS: A prospective randomized single blinded study was conducted in the pediatric department of a public hospital in Hong Kong. Children aged 2-15 years admitted to the pediatric department with an acute attack of asthma were recruited. A standard asthma education program (group A) or an intensive asthma education program (group B) for children were offered. The main outcome measures include the number of visits to the emergency department and the number of hospitalization for asthma during the 3 month follow-up period. RESULTS: A total of 45 children were in group A and 55 in group B. Group B had statistically significant reductions in the number of visits to the emergency department and the number of hospitalizations. Drug compliance was also significantly improved in group B. Parents' satisfaction rate was also higher in group B. CONCLUSION: The intensive asthma education program might be more cost effective than the standard asthma education program in the management of asthmatic children admitted to hospital in Hong Kong.     

男性海洛因依赖者性机能研究

目的 研究海洛因对男性性机能的影响。方法 对91例男性海洛因依赖者进行了性机能调查研究，并做性激素测定和分析。结果 男性海洛因依赖者性机能明显障碍，表现为性幻想减少，性欲减退，性高潮减退，性交频率降低。男性睾酮（T）及催乳素（PRL）均低于正常对照组（Z=8．118，P〈0．01；Z=4．444，P〈0．01），促黄体生成素（LH）及促卵泡刺激素（FSH）均高于正常对照组（Z=2．094，P〈0．05；Z=2．086，P〈0．05），雌二醇（E2）与正常对照组无统计学意义。结论 海洛因可致机体下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能紊乱，影响性机能，并且性问题在海洛因依赖性形成机制和戒断上的意义值得进一步探讨。     

改良应用股骨髓腔绞刀行腰椎椎间植骨融合术

目的探讨应用普通股骨髓腔扩大绞刀代替专用的椎间植骨器械,进行腰椎后路椎间植骨融合术的临床经验体会,评估治疗效果。方法对我院34例应用股骨髓腔绞刀进行腰椎后路椎间植骨融合术的病例资料,进行回顾性分析。结果本组34例无围手术期硬膜及神经根损伤,无伤感染和和植骨块松脱。随访5～6年,植骨全部于6～8个月愈合,无一例植骨塌陷。按Machnab标准评定：优21例,良11例,可2例,差0例,优良率94.12%。结论改良应用股骨髓腔扩大绞刀代替专用的椎间植骨器械,作椎间植骨床的准备,效果满意,安全方便。     

护理干预对乳腺癌患者疾病不确定感及社会支持的影响

目的：探讨护理干预对乳腺癌患者疾病不确定感及社会支持的影响。方法选取本院2013年3月~2014年3月收治的60例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各30例。对照组给予常规护理及基础健康教育,干预组在对照组的基础上给予个性化护理干预,比较两组干预前后的社会支持、MUIS评分。结果两组干预后的MUIS、社会支持评分显著优于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组干预后的MUIS评分显著低于对照组,社会支持评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对乳腺癌患者实施护理干预,能够减轻患者对疾病的不确定感,增加其社会支持,改善其心理状态,提升其生活质量,值得临床推广应用。