砂仁提取物对实验性糖尿病大鼠的降血糖作用

[目的]探讨砂仁提取物对实验性糖尿病大鼠的降血糖作用.[方法]利用链脲佐菌素制作大鼠糖尿病动物模型,给糖尿病治疗组大鼠腹腔注射砂仁提取物20 mg每日2次,共2周,观察治疗前后血糖的变化及胰岛β细胞超微结构变化.[结果]糖尿病治疗组大鼠血糖明显降低,与糖尿病对照组比较有显著性差异;砂仁提取物对糖尿病大鼠胰岛β细胞具有明显的保护作用,并可改善胰岛β细胞超微结构变化.[结论]砂仁提取物对实验性糖尿病大鼠具有降血糖作用.     

In vitro metabolism of the new insecticide flupyrazofos by rat liver microsomes

1. The in vitro metabolism of the new insecticide flupyrazofos was studied using rat liver microsomes. Two metabolites were produced and identified as O, O -diethyl O -(1- phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5-pyrazoyl) phosphoric acid ester (flupyrazofos oxon) and 1- phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5-hydroxypyrazole (PTMHP) based on UV and mass spectral analysis. 2. Cytochrome P450 oxidatively converted flupyrazofos to flupyrazofos oxon, a major metabolite and phenobarbital-induced microsomes increased this desulphuration by 8- fold. 3. Flupyrazofos oxon was converted to PTMHP with a half-life of 47 8?min by chemical hydrolysis and this conversion also proceeded non-enzymatically under our microsomal incubation conditions.     

补肾中药对骨质疏松症大鼠下丘脑BMP-4、Smad6 mRNA及蛋白表达的影响

目的探索肾虚骨质疏松症的病理机制,研究补肾中药对肾虚骨质疏松大鼠防治作用的机理。方法实验采用去双侧卵巢的方法,建立肾虚骨质疏松症模型。补肾中药复方（高、中、低）剂量对实验大鼠治疗12周,以骨疏康颗粒、盖天力牡蛎钙作为阳性对照药,并设正常对照组和模型空白组。用RT-PCR法、Western印迹法检测肾虚骨质疏松症大鼠下丘脑组织中BMP-4、Smad6 mRNA和蛋白表达。结果①与正常组比较,模型空白组大鼠下丘脑组织中的BMP-4 mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显增强;Smad6 mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显降低。②与模型空白组比较,补肾中药组对模型大鼠下丘脑组织中的BMP-4 mRNA和蛋白表达明显降低;而Smad6 mRNA和蛋白表达明显增强。结论肾虚骨质疏松症的病理机制为肾精不足,骨髓、脑髓失养,表现在下丘脑-垂体-靶腺轴的调控失常,包括下丘脑组织的细胞因子及其信号传导通路的异常。     

Reversible,Complete Atrioventricular Block Caused by Primary Cardiac Lymphoma in a Nonimmunocompromised Patient

PCL in a Nonimmunocompromised Patient Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is a rare entity that commonly presents as a heart rhythm disorder. We describe a previously healthy, immunocompetent patient presenting with complete atrioventricular block (AVB). The patient was found to have a cardiac mass on magnetic resonance imaging and underwent percutaneous biopsy eventually diagnosing PCL. After pacemaker implantation, the patient's tumor responded rapidly to chemotherapy and the AVB completely resolved. In otherwise healthy patients presenting with AV block, cardiac tumor should be considered. Additionally, if PCL is diagnosed and the patient is clinically stable with AVB, it may be reasonable to delay pacemaker implantation until the clinical response to chemotherapy is evaluated. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 1386‐1389, December 2012)     

The Atrial Electrogram During Clinical Electrophysiologic Studies: Onset versus the Local/Intrinsic Deflection

The Local Atrial Deflection. Introduction : As a wave front passes unfiltered bipolar recording electrodes, the point of local depolarization is marked by a maximal change in voltage, i.e., the intrinsic deflection. However, during electrophysiologic studies, the depolarization (A) on the lead recording the His-bundle potential traditionally has been measured at the first rapid reproducible deflection on a filtered electrogram. This methodology permits considerable latitude for subjective interpretation. The purpose of this study was to assess the timing of the atrial electrogram using the intrinsic deflection of relatively unfiltered electrograms (0.1-4.0 to 1,250 Hz) or the equivalent on filtered recordings. Methods and Results : To do this we studied 70 patients without evidence of atrial or atrioventricular (AV) nodal disease, documenting the difference in timing between the A wave as traditionally measured and as measured at its peak local deflection (A_L) determined from simultaneously recorded filtered and relatively unfiltered electrograms. New ranges based on the A_L were established for timing of intra-atrial and AV nodal conduction intervals. The P-A (41 ± 11 msec) was significantly shorter than the P-A_L (55 ± 12) and the A-H (80 ± 20) was longer than the A_L-H (66 ± 21 msec), both P <0.001. Interobserver differences in measurements were smaller when using the local (A_L) rather than traditional criteria. Conclusions : Conventional measurement of the A deflection provides only a rough estimate of local depolarization of the atrium near the AV node. The criteria proposed in the present article may (1) provide a better estimate of the timing of local depolarization; (2) have application in computerized timing of intervals; and (3) decrease technical problems and subjective error.     

Decrease in bispectral index prior to cardiovascular collapse during Caesarean sections

We report a case of significant reduction in bispectral index (BIS) associated with suspected amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) that occurred prior to change in haemodynamic variables. The patient was a 29‐year‐old nulliparous, who was admitted for Caesarean section under general anaesthesia in the 33rd week of pregnancy. After the baby was born, the BIS value suddenly decreased to 0, with suppression ratio of 100. One minute later, saturation decreased abruptly to 85%, end‐tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO₂) decreased to 5 mmHg, peak inspiratory pressure increased to 35 cm H₂O, and non‐invasive blood pressure (BP) failed to obtain a reading. After administration of vasoactive drugs, the systolic BP was maintained at 100 mmHg or higher, the BIS value rose to 10–20, and the EtCO₂ increased to 24–33 mmHg. In this case, the BIS monitoring may provide an earlier warning of impending cardiovascular collapse in the case of AFE.