结直肠癌患者外周血人端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA和MUC1mRNA的检测及其临床意义

背景：传统影像学检查和血清肿瘤标记物检测对结直肠癌微转移的诊断价值有限。目的：检测结直肠癌患者外周血人端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT）mRNA和MUC1mRNA表达，探讨两者对结直肠癌微转移的诊断价值。方法：收集53例结直肠癌患者和21名健康人的外周血标本，以实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测hTERTmRNA和MUC1mRNA表达．分析两者表达与肿瘤临床病理特征的关系。应用接受者操作特征曲线（ROC曲线）分析hTERTmRNA、MUC1mRNA和两者联合检测对结直肠癌的诊断价值。结果：结直肠癌组外周血hTERTmRNA和MUC1mRNA表达率和表达水平显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．05），两者表达与肿瘤淋巴结转移、血行转移和TNM分期相关（P〈0．05）。hTERTmRNA、MUC1mRNA和两者联合检测诊断结直肠癌的ROC曲线下面积分别为0．806、0．778和0．861．诊断界值为Ct〈32。结论：外周血hTERTmRNA和MUC1mRNA可作为诊断结直肠癌微转移的标记物，以实时荧光定量RT-PCR联合检测两项指标优于单项检测。     

Anti-tumor angiogenesis with a recombinant ag43/FGFR1 chimeric protein as a model antigen

In order to investigate the anti-tumor angiogenesis activity with a recombinant Ag43/FGFR1 chimeric protein(AF)vaccine in a mouse H22 hepatoma model,tumor volume and survival rate of the mice were studied at a 3-day interval.Microvessel density(MVD)was detected by immunohistochemistry.The endothelial deposition of autoantibodies within tumor tissues was examined by immunofluorescent staining,and anti-FGFR1 antibody-producing B cells(APBCs)were tested by enzyme-linked immunospot(ELISPOT)assay.Compared with t...     

宫颈癌术后三维适形放射治疗膀胱受照射剂量的分析研究

目的分别比较研究宫颈癌术后患者三维适形放射治疗（3D—CRT）膀胱与膀胱壁受照剂量的差异,探讨3D—CRT放疗计划中评估膀胱受照剂量的合理方法。方法选择FIG0分期Ⅰa-Ⅱb期20例宫颈癌术后患者入组,在计划系统内勾画临床靶体积（CTV）,将CTV在三维方向上均匀外放1cm获得计划靶区（PTV）,同时勾画危及器官,单独勾画膀胱和膀胱壁,在ADACPinnacle。Version7．4f三维计划系统中设计3D～CRT治疗计划,并把膀胱和膀胱壁分别作为独立危及器官进行剂量评估。处方剂量为45Gy、50Gy,2Gy／次,要求95％PTV达到处方剂量。应用剂量体积直方图获得膀胱与膀胱壁的最大受量、最小受量、平均受量以及90％、70％、50％、40％、30％、10％、5％体积的受量（分别以D90、D70、D50、D40、D30、D10、D5表示）,采用配对样本t检验进行比较,剂量参数用可±s表示。结果3D—CRT计划中,处方剂量45Gv时膀胱与膀胱壁受照剂量的最大值、最小值、平均值、D5差别无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,膀胱与膀胱壁受照剂量的D90、D70、D50、D40、D30、D10差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,前者比后者分别低10．39％、10．51％、14．49％、14．60％、6．03％、3．46％;处方剂量为50Gy时,膀胱与膀胱壁受照剂量的最大值、最小值、D5差别无统计学意（P〉0．05）,膀胱与膀胱壁受照剂量的平均值、D90、D70、D50、D40、D30、D10差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,前者比后者分别低4．04％、7．75％、11．63％、12．62％、7．80％、4．41％、1．63％。结论从剂量学角度分析,三维适形放射治疗计划中以膀胱壁作为独立危及器官进行剂量评估较合理。     

Napsin A与TTF-1在肺癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨Napsin A和TTF-1在肺癌中的表达及意义。方法用免疫组化SP方法,检测Napsin A和TTF-1在85例肺癌病理标本中的表达情况。结果①Napsin A和TTF-1的阳性表达与肺癌组织类型密切相关。②肺腺癌中,Napsin A的表达与分化程度呈正相关,TTF-1在不同分化程度的表达无显著性差异;二者均与淋巴结转移及临床分期无关。结论 Napsin A和TTF-1在肺癌的诊断及鉴别中具有重要价值,Napsin A优于TTF-1。     

医院执行力面临的问题及改进策略

执行力是医院竞争力的核心,是把医院战略转化成为效益的关键。执行力不足是医院管理中普遍存在的问题,因此积极探索医院执行力的建设具有十分重要的现实意义。本文通过整合医院管理执行力不足的现象及其成因,从执行力的概念、核心及要素等角度分析并提出相应的解决策略。     

Isoform-specific expression of 14-3-3 proteins in human astrocytoma

BACKGROUND: 14-3-3 protein plays crucial roles in tumorigenesis, including the maintenance of cell cycle and DNA repair, the prevention of apoptosis, among others. In mammalian cells, seven 14-3-3 isoforms (beta, epsilon, zeta, eta, theta, gamma and sigma) have been identified and each of these seems to have distinct tissue localizations and isoform-specific functions. In the present study, the levels of all seven 14-3-3 isoforms were examined in astrocytoma. METHODS: The expression of 14-3-3 isoforms and their protein expression levels were examined in five glioma cell lines by western blotting. Then in astrocytoma tissues, we investigated expression percentages of each isoform by immunohistochemistry. The protein and mRNA expression levels of each isoform were also detected by western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS: 14-3-3beta and eta were specifically expressed in astrocytoma, and their expression frequencies and levels increased with the increase of astrocytoma malignancy. The result from glioma cell lines was consistent with that from astrocytoma tissue. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, we found two tumor-specific isoforms of 14-3-3 in astrocytoma. They might be involved in astrocytoma tumorigenesis and may be useful as targets for therapy.     

肿瘤坏死因子α功能抑制剂对肺气肿大鼠气道炎症的影响

目的：探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）抑制剂———重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体-抗体融合蛋白（rhT-NFR：Fc）对肺气肿大鼠气道炎症的影响。方法：48只大鼠分为正常对照组、肺气肿组、rhTNFR：Fc干预组（干预组）和干预对照组,单纯吸烟法建立肺气肿模型;后3组烟雾暴露达1月时,干预组给予rhTNFR：Fc进行干预,干预对照组给予空白对照制剂;熏烟80 d后,处理所有大鼠,正常对照组和肺气肿组肺组织切片行苏木素-伊红染色观察形态学改变,定量测定肺平均内衬间隔（MLI）、平均肺泡数（MAN）;支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）计数各组白细胞总数、中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞计数及其百分比,用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定各组血清及BALF中的TNF-α浓度。结果：（1）肺气肿组MLI高于正常对照组,MAN低于正常对照组（P〈0.05）;（2）肺气肿组血清TNF-α浓度高于正常对照组和rhTNFR：Fc干预组（P〈0.05）,和干预对照组比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;肺气肿组BALF中TNF-α浓度高于正常对照组（P〈0.05）,但和rhTNFR：Fc干预组、干预对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;（3）肺气肿组BALF中白细胞总数、中性粒细胞计数及百分比高于正常对照组（P〈0.01,P〈0.05和P〈0.05）和rhTNFR：Fc干预组（P〈0.01,P〈0.05和P〈0.05）,与干预对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：TNF-α与吸烟大鼠的肺气肿形成有关,并影响其气道炎症;rhTNFR：Fc对减轻其气道炎症具有一定作用。